00015英语二课文精讲讲义2.docx

1、00015英语二课文精讲讲义200015英语二课文精讲讲义(Unit2)Unit 2 Mistakes to success(通向成功时犯的错误)我更喜欢：Failure is the mother of success. (失败乃成功之母)No one is perfect. (人无完人)Persistence is the key to success. (持之以恒是成功的关键)God rewards those who work hard. (天道酬勤)本单元的A，B两篇都是记叙文，说明了Mistakes to success。 Text A: Spilt Milk (被打翻的牛奶)共8

2、个自然段，领读课文和单词。一：本课重点词汇讲解，学习1.respond: v 反应，响应，同根词：response: n 固定表达：respond to sth; make a response to sth.如：1). His comments sparked (激起，引起) an angry response from dissatisfied customers.2). They make a quick response to my inquiry(询问). 3). You should deliberate over the question before you respond t

3、o it. 回答问题之前你应该慎重考虑。2.interview: n/v 采访，面试；同根词：interviewer: 面试者；会见者；采访者; interviewee:被接见者； 被访问者.由此拓展：词缀er, ee分别表示的动作的主动与被动的关系，常见的成对的名词还有：employer(雇主), employee(雇员); examiner (考官), examinee (考生); trainer(教练), trainee (受训的人)3.occur: v 发生，同义词：happen, 注意：它们没有被动语态！过去式和过去分词：occurred. 同根词：occurrence: n 如：1

4、). If any of these symptoms occurs while you are taking the medicine, you should go to the hospital.2). The occurrence of storms delayed our trip.4.remove: v 移开，拿走，同义词：take away, 名词：removal5.grip: n/v 紧握，紧抓如：1). Keep a tight grip on the rope. 2). She gripped the rope.6.veritable: adj 名符其实的，十足的如：1）It

5、 is a veritable heaven on earth. 2）It was a veritable feast.7.yell: v叫喊，叫喊着说 n.叫喊，大声叫；（拉拉队员的）呼喊声Yell out: 喊出；yell at sb: 对某人喊叫如：1). Are you coming or not? they yelled out after him. 2). How can you yell at an old man like that?8.mess: n 肮脏，杂乱如：The room was in a mess .9.rarely: adv （= seldom）很少，不常，同根

6、词：rare: adj如：1). The museum is full of rare and precious treasures. 2). She is rarely seen in public nowadays.10.eventually: adv（= finally, at last）最终，终于eventually和finally在具体运用时有些区别：表示某事几经延迟或波折后最终发生，可以用eventually。例如，Eventually they got to the hospital（他们最终来到了医院）；eventually还可以表示一系列事件之后发生的事，常为这些事件的结果：

7、Eventually, they were forced to return to England （结果他们被迫返回英格兰）。表示经过长时间的等待或期盼后某事终于发生时，用finally。例如，Finally I went to bed（我终于上床休息了）。finally还可以表示一系列事件中最后发生的事：The sky turned red, then purple, and finally black（天空变成了红色，既而紫色，最后成了黑色）。11.restore: v归还； 交还； 使恢复； 修复，名词：restoration如：1). A good rest will restore

8、 you to health.2). The measures are intended to restore public confidence in the economy.12.effectively: adv 有效地；同根词：effect: n 影响，效果；effective:adj 有效的；反义词：ineffective如：1). This system could deliver services to local communities more effectively.2). The brake is ineffective. (刹车失灵)3). Television is a

9、n effective means of communication. 13.discover:v 发现，查明；名词：discovery如：1). Checks are made to discover whether applicants (申请人) have a criminal record（犯罪记录）.2). He knows that he had made a real discovery. 他知道他已经发现了一件真正的珍品。（make a real discovery 发现了一件真正的珍品）14.grasp: v 抓紧、抓牢；n 理解，掌握如：1). He grasped bot

10、h my hands.2). They have a good grasp of foreign languages. (他们外语掌握得很好。)15.renowned: adj有名的，同义词：famous, well-known; notorious: 臭名昭著的。原型：renown: v 使人有声誉固定搭配：be renowned/famous/well-known for sth (因。而著名)如：1). This restaurant is renowned for its cuisine. 这家餐馆以其精美的饭菜而闻名。2). He is one of the worlds renow

11、ned writers.16.opportunity: n机会，时机，良机；如：1). Opportunity knocks only once. (机不可失，失不再来)2). This will be a marvelous opportunity for her. 17.scientific: adj科学的，同根词：science: n 科学；scientist: n 科学家如：1). Do you agree with the use of animals in scientific experiments?2). The study of science has enriched al

12、l our lives.18.valuable: adj宝贵的，很重要的，同根词：value: n 价值，价值观；v 珍惜；反义词：valueless无价值的。如：1). That bracelet(手镯) is a cheap, valueless piece of jewelry（首饰）.2). This is one of the most valuable lessons I learned.二课文重点短语，句子分析、讲解：1. Well, we all know there is no use crying over the spilt milk. (P1L1)译文：众所周知，对于溢

13、出的牛奶哭是没用的。（覆水难收）语言点：英语有句名言：It is no use crying over the spilt milk.It is no use doing sth (做某事没有用)，如：It is no use regretting after the exam.2. I would hope all parents respond in this manner.(P1L2)译文：我希望所有的父母都能做出这样的反应。语言点：in this manner = in this way 用这种方式3. I recently heard of a story about a famou

14、s research scientist who had made several very important medical breakthroughs.(P2L1)译文：我最近听到一个有关一位著名的研究科学家的故事，这位科学家已经有了几项重要的医学突破。语言点：主句的时态是一般过去时，而定语从句是过去完成时态：had made，强调该动作发生的比heard of更早，即，过去的过去。如：He told us that he had been to the USA.短语：hear of听说某人，某事；breakthrough：名词，突破，来自于短语：break through（突围，突破）

15、。4. He was interviewed by a newspaper reporter who asked him why he was so much more creative the average person; what set him far apart from others?(P2L2)译文：一位报社记者采访他时问道，为什么他比普通人更具创造力，是什么使他与众不同。语言点：who asked him. 是定语从句，why he was so.宾语从句1；what set him.宾语从句2.短语：the average person = the common person

16、 (普通人)；set sb apart from: 使某人与众不同。5. He responded that, in his opinion, it all came from an experience with his mother that occurred when he was about two years old. (P3L1)译文：他是这样回答的，在他看来，这一切都来自于他2岁时跟母亲之间的发生的一次经历。语言点： that occurred.是定语从句，修饰an experience； when he was。是时间状语从句；固定搭配：in his opinion在他看来，依

17、他来看。6. He had been trying to remove a bottle of milk from the refrigerator when he lost his grip on the slippery bottle and it fell, spilling its contents all over the kitchen floor - a veritable sea of milk!(P3L2)译文：他一直在努力地把一瓶牛奶从冰箱里取出，就在这时他没抓住这光滑的瓶子，它掉了，奶洒了厨房一地-白花花的一片。语言点：主句的时态had been doing.是过去完成进

18、行时态，强调在过去某个动作之前一直在做一件事情，如：Before his mother came back , he had been doing his homework.spilling its contents.是现在分词短语作伴随状语成分。7. When his mother came into the kitchen, instead of yelling at him, giving him a lecture, or punishing him, she said.(P4L1)译文：当他的妈妈走进厨房，她并没有对他大喊，给他一个教训，或惩罚他，而是对他说。语言点：instead

19、of 而不是，相反，后跟动名词；yell at sth= shout at; Give sb a lecture = give sb a lesson (给某人一个教训)8. Would you like to get down and play in the milk for a few minutes before we clean it up?(P4L3)译文：你愿意在我们把牛奶清理干净之前蹲下去，玩一会儿牛奶吗？语言点： Would you like to do sth? (你愿意做某事吗?)是英语中有礼貌的请求句型。从中可以看出母亲对儿子的态度。短语：clean sth up:将。清

20、理干净9. You know, Robert, whenever you make a mess like this, eventually you have to clean it up and restore everything to its proper order. (P5L1)译文：罗伯特，你知道，无论何时你弄成这样乱糟糟的一团，最终你都必须清理干净，让一切恢复到它正常的秩序的。语言点：whenever = no matter when (无论什么时候)引导让步状语从句；短语：make a mess：把事情弄糟；restore everything to its proper or

21、der：让一切恢复到合适的秩序。10. You know, what we have here is a failed experiment in how to effectively carry a big milk bottle with two tiny hands.(P6L1)译文：你知道，今天我们体验了一次失败的实验关于如何有效地用两只小手拿一大瓶奶。语言点：in介词，在。方面；11. The little boy learned that if he grasped the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands, he cou

22、ld carry it without dropping it.(P6L4)译文：这个小男孩知道了，如果他能用两只手抓住瓶子的上边，他就不会把它弄掉而拿住它了。语言点：without dropping it不会把它弄掉，without是介词，后跟动词时要用动名词，如：He left the classroom without being noticed.12. The renowned scientist remarked that it was at that moment that he knew he didnt need to be afraid to make mistakes.(P

23、7L1)译文：这位著名的科学家说，就是在那个时刻他才知道他根本不必畏惧犯错误。语言点：第一个that 后面是一个宾语从句，其中又包含一个强调句结构：it was.that.强调的是句子的时间状语.(该语法内容，我会在本单元AB篇课文都学完后再语法知识中介绍，敬请关注！)短语：be afraid to do sth: 害怕做某事；make mistakes：犯错误13. Instead, he learned that mistakes were just opportunities for learning something new, which is, after all, what sc

24、ientific experiments are all about.(P7L2)译文：相反，他知道犯错误恰恰给提供了学到新东西的机会，毕竟，科学实验也是要使人学到新东西的。语言点：which is。后面是一个非限定性定语从句，修饰something new；what scientific experiments are all about是表语从句；短语：after all：毕竟，终究14. Even if the experiment “doesnt work”, we usually learn something valuable from it.(P7L3)译文：即使这个实验“并没有

25、起到作用”，但我们通常仍能从中学到一些有价值的东西。语言点：Even if即使，即便，引导让步状语从句；something valuable有价值的东西，定语后置；短语：learn . From .从。当中学到。15. Wouldnt it be great if all parents would respond the way Roberts mother responded to him.(P8)译文：如果所有的为人父母的都能采取罗伯特的母亲对待他那样的方式，事情难道不是很好吗？语言点：这是一个反问句，要比直接陈述语气更强烈！Roberts mother responded to him

26、是一个定语从句，修饰前面的the way，省略引导词：that/which.短语：responded to sb: 对某人做出反应三课后重要作业讲解：: Check your comprehension: DBCDC.Building your vocabularySection A: 题目说明：该题的所有答案我在前面讲解词汇时已经都讲解过了，建议大家自己独立做一做！并在每个词条中寻找正确答案！Section B:题目说明：所给的备选词汇都来自于课文，在填空时第一要知道单词意思，第二就是要能判断词性，这个技能很重要;若遇到动词还需要注意时态、人称等细节！(稍作讲解)1.remove; 2.ev

27、entually; 3.opportunity; 4.renowned; 5.interviewed; 6.remarkedSection C:1.to; 2.so; 3.to; 4.on; 5.in; 6.for (be famous/well-known for). Bridging the gap (要做讲解 )1.fear; 2.under; 3.unavoidable; 4.success; 5.without; 6.reach; 7.between; 8.so that; 9.as long as; 10.wisely. Translation(翻译)Section A: 1. T

28、hey are likely to respond to the presidents requirement actively.2. He blends right into the crowd of teenagers and only his accent sets himself apart from the others.3. I have rarely seen such a beautiful sunset.4. The government is trying to restore peoples confidence in national economy.5. On sev

29、eral occasions she has remarked about the boys progress.Section B: (英译汉)（意译）我清楚地记得有一段时间我感到有失败感。但是，最终我明白在某一件事上的失败并不表示所有的事情都失败。事实上，失败是成长的很重要的一部分。生活充 满了磨难和错误。为了能够走上通往成功之路，在这条路上你需要拐错几个弯.我所学到的东西，用约翰麦克斯韦尔 （举世公认的领导力专家、演说家和有着1200万册图书销量的作家）话来说，就是“失败”，就是要运用每一次错误让自己变得更好。人们同失败之间最大的一个问题就是人们太急于断定生活中那些孤立的情况并给它们贴上失

30、败的标签。相反，他们需要将一幅更重要的图景放在心中。一位成功的棒球运动员不会把他自己的一次出局就看做是失败，他把它看做是那幅更重要图画的背景。他的看法会让他坚持，而他的坚持会带来长寿，而他的长寿就会给他成功的机会。Text B The Cake 本文是一篇典型的夹叙夹议的文章，共13个自然段，前11个段落在叙述故事，而最后2段提出发人深省的问题：只见树木不见森林，看问题一定要较全面地看，不能太过片面。领读课文和单词。(请注意：单词很多！)一：本课重点词汇讲解，学习1.glance: n/v 扫视，瞥一眼，常见搭配：glance at如：1). He glanced at his watch a

31、nd left. 2). She gave him a quick glance.2.frost: v使结冰霜； 冻坏；（在蛋糕上）撒糖霜; n.霜冻，结霜； frosting: n糖霜 如：There is frost on the ground and snow is forecast.（地上结霜了，预报说有雪）3.requisite: adj 必要的，必备的如：He hasnt got the requisite qualifications for the job.4.present: v 给予，颁发；n 礼物；adj现在的，目前的如：1). There is widespread disappointment with the present government. 2). The mayor presented him with a gold medal.5.anniversary: n 周年纪念日如：1). Todays our wedding anniversary. 2).on the anniversary of his wifes death 3). He bought her a diamond ring on their tenth wedding anniversary.6.explode: v 爆炸，突然迸发出感情，同