定语从句讲解及练习.docx

1、定 语 从 句讲解及练习定 语 从 句 The Attributive Clause1. The man is Jim2. The man（who/that is wearing a red coat ）is Jim.句子作定语.2. Wen Jiabao is the man who/that is wearing a red coat.that/who is giving a talk.句子作定语Learning Aimsv 知道定语从句、先行词的概念v 能熟练使用关系代词who/whom/whose/which/thatv 能简单使用关系副词where/when/whyv 能区分关系词在

2、定语从句中的成分v 知道特定使用关系代词that和who的情况Mary is a beautiful girl. 形容词作定语Mary is a girl who has long hair. 句子作定语,修饰girl, 叫做定语从句定语从句比一比：定语从句Mary is a girl who has long hair.先行词 关系词关系代词which, who, whom, whose, that关系副词Where, when, why用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的名（代）词叫作先行词。定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面。1. The students (who dont stud

3、y hard) will not pass the exam. 先行词 定语从句主句: The students will not pass the exam.2. The woman (whom you saw in the park) is our English teacher. 先行词 定语从句主句: The woman is our English teacher.从句的主语：you从句的宾语：whom3. A shoe shop is a shop (which sells shoes).主句：A shoe shop is a shop.从句的主语:which4. The book

4、 (that you want) is on the desk.主句The book is on the desk.从句的主语: you从句的宾语：that引导定语从句的关系代词常见的有that, which,who whom等。关系代词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成份。The man (that/who told us a funny story) is in the next room.主语I lost the book( that/which ) you gave me).宾语如果先行词是人, 关系代词可用 who, whom, whose, that，它

5、们的用法区别：who 作定语从句的主语或宾语.The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting.分解Whom 作定语从句的宾语The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.The woman is a teacher.They wanted to visit the woman.分解whose 作定语从句的定语.I know the girl whose mother is a te

6、acher.分解I know the girl.The girls mother is a teacher.that 可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.关系代词作动词宾语时可省略.The woman (whom/ that) they wanted to visit is a teacher.关系代词的用法归纳：that,既指人又指物，作主语或宾语。 which,指物，作主语或宾语。 who, whom指人,who作主语,whom作宾语。that,which,whom在定语从句中作宾语时，可省去。1) A plane is a machine _ can fly.2) The car _ my un

7、cle bought last week was stolen.3) The students _ dont study hard will not pass the exam.4) The woman _ you saw in the park is our English teacher.5) He talked happily about the men and books_ interested him greatly in the school.1).先行词是anyone, someone, those时，关系词使用who Those who want to go to the Gr

8、eat Wall are our friends. Is there anyone who wants to go there?2). 在there be 句型中，先行词指人,关系词用who There is an old man who wants to see you. There are many young men who are against him.Who，that在指人时,可以通用,但下列宜用who,不用that用who, whom, that, whose填空1 Do you know the woman _ you met at the gate?2 The person

9、to _ you just talked is Mr Li.3 Were looking for a thief _ likes stealing necklace.4 Who is the man _ is reading the book over there?5 The babies _ the nurses are looking after are healthy.6 The boy _ parents died two years ago lives with his grandpa now.7 This dictionary is for the students _ first

10、 language isnt English.8 He has a friend _ father is a doctor.9 I once lived in a house _ roof （房顶）has fallen in.Who whom who that whom whose whose如果先行词指物, 关系代词可用which或that在什么情况下只用关系词that,而不宜用which？Is it the one that you want ? 1.先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时,用that .This is the most interesting story( that )I h

11、ave ever heard.The first meeting( that) we will take part in will be held in the afternoon. 2.先行词是 something, nothing, anything等时, 用that. Here is something( that) I will tell you.3. 先行词是all, any, few, much, little, the one等不定代词修饰时, 用 that .4. 先行词有the very, the only, the same等修饰时,用that .My necklace i

12、s not the only thing that is missing.5.先行词既有人也有物时,只能用that.I can remember the persons and some pictures (that) I see. 注意：！介词提前时只能用which 而不能用that 。from that（错） from which（正确）Fill in the gaps:1.The terrible typhoon(台风) killed the people and cattle（牲畜）_ were in the fields.2.The wind blew down the talles

13、t tree _ is in front of our school gate.3.This is the very thing _ I was looking for.4.This is the second novel _ I have ever read.5.There is nothing in the world _ can frighten me.6.Who is the man _ is reading under the tree?7.My hometown is not the same one _ it used to be twenty years ago.That/th

14、at/that/that/that/that/that/which/that/which/that) /which/that)/from which用关系代词填空1)These are the trees_ were planted last year.2)This mp3_ he is using is made in Japan.(3)Is this the library_ you borrow books from?(4)Is this the library _ you borrow books?定语从句中的关系副词：when, where, why when = on/ in +

15、whichIll never forget the day when I joined the league（共青团）. on whichWhere 在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词+ 关系代词（which）”。This is the house where I lived two years ago.in which live不及物动词一定要加介词where = in + whichI would like to go to Beijing where I can visit the Great Wall.Visit及物动词不加介词Do you know the reason why s

16、he was late.for which she was late Why 在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于“介词for+ 关系代（which）”。Fill in the blanks.1. I still remember the day _ we spent in the forest.2. I still remember the day _ I first came to Beijing.3. The factory _ we will visit is large.4. The factory _ his father works is large.5. Ill never forg

17、et the time _ we work on the farm.6. This is the house _ we lived last year.that/which when/on which that/which where when/at which where/in which归纳:关系副词when指时间,关系副词where指地点,在定语从句中作状语。即使先行词是时间地点,若作从句中的宾语，只能用关系代词that, which.Summary词 形先行词在句中作用关 系 代 词that人或物主,宾语which物主,宾语who人主,宾语whom人宾语Whose(=of whom/

18、of which)人或物定语关系副词When(=介词+which)时间状语Where(=介词+which)地点状语Why(=for which)原因状语.单项选择( ) 1.There is nothing _ I can do.A. that B. which C. who D. what( ) 2.Do you know the man _ is wearing glasses?A. who B. which C. what D. where( ) 3.The boy _ is playing football is my brother.A. which B. who C. what D

19、. where( ) 4.Ill never forget the day _ I first met her.A. what B. who C. which D. when( ) 5.I cant find the book _ my mother bought A. who B. when C. which D. what( ) 6.The film _I saw yesterday was very interesting.A. who B. when C. what D. that( ) 7.Is there anything _ I can help you?A. that B. w

20、hich C. who D. what( ) 8.All _ is needed is a few hands to help with the work.A. what B. that C. which D. things( ) 9.Is this the factory _you wish to visit?A. that B. where C. when D. what11. He is the very one of the students_ good at English. A. who does B. that is C. whom do D. which are12.The s

21、econd book _ I want to read is Harry Potter. A. which B. that C. what D. as13.The days _ I spent in the countryside in my childhood was the happiest time _ I had ever had in my life. A. when/when B. when/that C. that /which D. that/that 请分析一下定语从句：( 请划出定语从句，并标出先行词)1. Check the ways you study for an E

22、nglish test. 2.Another thing that I found very difficult was English grammar. 3. You couldnt understand people who talked fast. 4. I have some ideas that may help. 5.They said something you didnt like. 6. Can you think of any problems you have had recently?8. He would always take pride in everything

23、 good I do. 9. My friends and I talked about the rules that we have in school. 10. What are some of the rules that a teenager should obey?12. If you know anyone else who collects them, please tell me. 13. Standing very close to the person you are talking with is quite common in some countries. 14. I

24、f you know someone you know doing this, you can ask them. 15. All I ever wanted to do was traveling. 2012年全国各地中考英语真题分类汇编定语从句【2011湖南株洲】28. People often like clothes _ can make them look young. A. when B. who C. that 【2012贵州贵阳】37. “What do you think of the school uniforms?” “Very good. I like clothes

25、_ make me feel comfortable.” A. that B. what C. who【2012贵州贵阳】37. “What do you think of the school uniforms?” “Very good. I like clothes _ make me feel comfortable.” A. that B. what C. who【2012广东】42. There will be a flower show in the park we visited last week.A. who B. when C. what D. Which【2012广西玉林

26、】37. Now many people smoke and get ill.So we should do something _ can help stop smoking. A. what B. who C. / D. that 【2012 湖北黄石】30.I still remember the time_we spent together at Xisai Mountain last year.A.when B.what C.who D.which 【2012湖北十堰】38. One of the most delicious drinks _ I like is orange ju

27、ice.A. which B. that C. whose D. whom【2012湖北随州】35. There are so many girls over there. Which one is your sister? The one _hat is yellow. A. who B. whose C. that D. which【2012湖北咸宁】29. We all like the story about the teacher _ happened in our school last week. A. which B. who C. whom D. what【2012江苏南京】

28、7. The English-Chinese dictionary my father bought for me many years ago is still of great value.A. whose B. when C. who D. that【2012江苏扬州】12. Zhang Lili is considered as the most beautiful teacher gave her love to her students in danger.A. who B. that C. whom D. which【2012 呼和浩特】9. The little boy was

29、 wrapping the present _ world be sent to his teacher.A. who B. / C. what D. that【2012广东省梅州市】35. Mr. Smith _is smoking is looking for_ she lost yesterday. A. whom; which B. who; what C. that; who D. which; where【2011河南】( ) 33. Success will belong to those _never say impossible.A. whom B. what C. who D. which【2012 山东滨州】33. What are you looking for?Im looking for the ring _my husband bought me last year.A. that B. who C. whom D. it【2012山东泰安】38. I hate people _ talk much but do little. A. who B. which C. whose D. whom28Piano is a word_ was originally borrowed from ItalianAwhere Bwho Cwhich Dwh