听力十大必背段子包含翻译.docx

1、听力十大必背段子包含翻译1艺术类音乐(1)It may seem strange that were discussing music from a Broadway production in this class, The Lion King especially, since its based on a popular Hollywood movie. (2)I mean music preformed for Broadway theater in the heart of New York city, surely would seem to be in the western t

2、radition of popular music and not have much in common with the music we have been studying in this course, such as gamelan music of Indonesia, or Zulu chants of South Africa, music that developed outside the western tradition of Europe and America.(3)But in fact, musicians have a long-standing tradi

3、tion of borrowing from one anothers cultures. (4)And this productions director intentionally included both western and non-western music. (5)That way, some of the rhythms, instrument, harmonies, typical of non-western music contrast with and complement popular music more familiar to audiences in Nor

4、th America and Europe, music like rock, jazz or Broadway style show tunes. (6)So I want to spend the rest of this class and most of the next one on the music from the show The Lion King as a way of summarizing some of the technical distinctions between typical western music and the non-western music

5、 that weve been studying. (7)Now the African influence on the music is clear. (8) The story takes place in Africa. (9)So the director got a South African composer to write songs with a distinctly African sound. (10) And the songs even include words from African languages. (11)But well get back to th

6、e African influence later. (12)First lets turn to the music that was written for the shadow puppet scenes in The Lion King, music based on the Indonesian music used in the shadow puppet theater of that region.(1)也许在我们这门课上讨论百老汇制作的音乐剧有点儿奇怪，特别是狮子王，因为它是根据一个受欢迎的好莱坞电影改编的。(2)我的意思是，在纽约市中心百老汇上演的音乐剧看上去一定是跟随西方

7、音乐传统而且与我们课程所学的音乐大有不同，比如印尼的加麦兰音乐，或南非祖鲁族的圣歌，这些都是发展于欧洲和美洲传统之外的音乐。(3)但是，音乐家们有借鉴别种文化的悠久传统。(4)这部音乐剧的导演有意在剧中融合了西方音乐和非西方音乐。(5)这样，一些具有非西方音乐典型特征的节拍、乐器、和声与欧美观众所熟知的音乐，如摇滚，爵士、百老汇音乐之间会形成强烈的对比，并且非西方音乐也对欧美音乐进行补充。(6)所以我想用今天剩下的和下一节课的大部分时间来分析狮子王中的音乐，从而总结一下我们所学过的典型的西方音乐和非西方音乐在技术上的不同。(7)如今非洲对这个音乐剧有很大的影响。(8)因为故事发生在非洲。(9)

8、所以导演请了南非的音乐家来写一些很具有非洲风格的音乐。(10)歌曲中甚至包括了非洲的语言。(11)我们等一会儿再来讨论非洲对这部音乐剧的影响。(12)首先看一下狮子王中手木偶戏那一幕所用的音乐，它是根据印尼当地剧场中木偶戏的音乐改编而来的。typical of：是的典型特征harmony hrmni：和声rhythm rim：节拍，韵律complement kmplmnt：n. 补语；余角；补足物 vt. 补足，补助2天文学(1)In ancient times, many people believed the earth was a flat disc. (2)Well, over 2,0

9、00 years ago, the ancient Greek philosophers were able to put forward two good arguments proving that it was not. (3)Direct observations of heavenly bodies were the basis of both these arguments. (4)First, the Greeks knew that during eclipses of the moon, the earth was between the sun and the moon,

10、and they saw that during these eclipses, the earths shadow on the moon was always round, they realized that this could be true only if the earth was spherical. (5)If the earth was a flat disc, then its shadow during eclipses would not be a prefect circle, it would be stretched out into a long ellips

11、e. (6)The second argument was based on what the Greeks saw during their travels. (7)They noticed that the North Star, or Polaris, appeared lower in the sky when they traveled south, in the more northerly regions, the North Star appeared to them to be much higher in the sky. (8)By the way, it was als

12、o from this difference in the apparent position of the North Star that the Greeks first calculated the approximate distance around the circumference of the earth, a figure recorded in ancient documents says 400,000 stadia, thats the plural of the word stadium. (9)Today, its not known exactly what le

13、ngth one stadium represents, but lets says it was about 200 meters, the length of many athletic stadiums. (10)This would make the Greeks estimate about twice the figure accepted today, a very good estimate for those writing so long before even the first telescope was invented.(1)远古的时候，人们认为地球是一个平的盘子。

14、(8)两千年以前，古希腊的哲学家们便提出了两种不同的观点来说明它不是平的。(3)对天上物体的直接观察成为这几种论调的基础。(4)第一，希腊人知道在月食的时候，地球是在太阳和月亮的中间，并且他们发现地球在月亮上的影子总是圆的，于是他们意识到地球只能是圆球形的。(5)如果地球是一个平盘子，那它在发生月食时的影子就不会是一个完整的圆形，而会成为一个拉长的椭圆形。(6)第二个争论是在希腊人出行时发现的。(7)他们发现当他们往南行时，北极星位置显得变低了，越往北的地方，北极星在空中的位置相对于他们显得更高了。(8)顺便说一句，希腊人同时还用北极星的视位估算了地球的周长，一个在古代文件中记下的数字是400

15、,000 stadia，stadia是stadium的复数形式。(9)今天，我们不太清楚它到底代表多长，但假如它代表200米，也就是很多运动场的周长。(10)如此算来，希腊人的预测大约是今天测量长度的两倍，但对于这个在发明望远镜之前很久的预测来说已经算相当精确了。approximate prksmt：adj. 数 近似的；大概的 vt. 近似；使接近；粗略估计 vi. 接近于；近似于Polaris pulris：n.北极星circumference skmfrns：n.圆周plural plrl：n. 复数apparent position：【天文】视位appear：vi. 显得3文学名著(1

16、)Continuing our survey of the 19th century, lets take a look now at Harriet Beecher Stowe. (2)Now Stowe is best known for her novel Uncle Toms Cabin, a book that details the harshness of plantation life in the south. (3)The book was extremely popular in the United States as well as in other countrie

17、s. (4)Ironically though, for all the attention given to Uncle Toms Cabin, its far from Stowes best work. (5)She did write one other novel about life in the south, but much of her best work has nothing with the south at all. (6)In fact, Stowes best writing is about village life in the New Englands st

18、ates in the 19th century. (7) In recording to the customs of the villages she wrote about, Stowe claimed that her purpose was to reflect the images as realistically as possible. (8)She usually succeeded, for her settings were often described accurately and in detail. (9)In this sense, she was an imp

19、ortant forerunner to the realistic movement that became popular later in the 19th century. (10)She was one of the first writers to use local dialect for her characters when they spoke. (11)And she did this for 30 years before Mark Twain popularized the use of local dialect. (12)It makes sense that S

20、towe would write about New England life, since she was born in Connecticut. (13)As a young woman there, she worked as a teacher. (14)The teaching job helped lead to her first published work, a geography book for children. (15)Later when she was married, her writing helped her support her family fina

21、ncially. (16)Throughout her life, she wrote poems, travel books, biographical sketches and childrens books, as well as novels for adults.(1)让我们继续对19世纪进行研究，现在来看看哈里耶持比彻斯托。(2)斯托是以她的小说汤姆叔叔的小屋而为人熟知的，这是一部详述关于南方种植园苦难生活的小说。(3)小说不光在美国甚至在全世界都大受欢迎。(4)讽刺的是，尽管汤姆叔叔的小屋得到了很多关注，但它并不是斯托最好的小说。(5)她确实还写过另外一部关于南方生活的小说，但是

22、她的大多数优秀作品和南方生活一点关系都没有。(6)其实，斯托最好的作品是描写关于19世纪新英格兰乡村生活的。(7)在叙述乡村传统时，斯托主张尽可能真实地反映景象。(8)她一直很成功，因为她的确将景象描写得细致入微。(9)如此看来，她是在之后的19世纪里逐渐流行起来的现实主义运动的重要先驱。(10)她也是第一个在人物对话中使用本土方言的作家之一。(11)在马克吐温广泛使用本土方言之前30年，她就开始运用这种写作手法。(12)正是因为她出生在康涅狄格，所以她能够真实地描写新英格兰的生活。(13)在她年轻时，她以教师为生。(14)这个工作帮她发表了第一部作品，一本给孩子们看的地理书。(15)后来在她

23、结婚以后，写作还帮助她维持了生计。(16)她的一生中写过诗歌，旅行杂记，人物传记，儿童读物，也写过成人小说。detail: n. 细节，详情 vt. 详述；选派Connecticut knetiktIt makes sense: 这是有道理的,可以理解的accurately kjuritli：精确地，准确的image md：n. 影像；想象；肖像；偶像4噪音影响(1)Im glad to see so many of you here. (2)Weve become really alarmed over the health center by the number of students

24、we are seeing, who are experiencing hearing loss. (3)First, I want to go over some basic about hearing. (4)Then we can take a look at our school environment and see if we can figure out some ways to protect hearing. (5)The leading cause of preventable hearing loss is excessive noise. (6)Too much mod

25、erate noise for a long time or some types of intense noise for even a short time can damage hearing. (7)Loudness is measured in units called decibels. (8)One decibel is the lowest sound that the average person can hear. (9)Sounds up to 80 decibels generally arent harmful. (10)Thats noise like traffi

26、c on a busy street. (11)But anything louder than 80 decibels, especially with continuous exposure, may eventually hurt your hearing. (12)Once you are up to around 140 decibels, thats like a jet plane taking off, then you might even feel pain in your ears. (13) And pains are sure signs that your hear

27、ings at risk. (14)Even one exposure to a really loud noise at close range can cause hearing loss. (15)So what you need to do is limit your exposure to harmful levels. (16)If you pass along this handout, we can take a look at the decibel level of some common campus sounds. (17)Notice how loud those h

28、orns are that people take to football games. (18)They are really dangerous if blown right behind you. (19)Now, lets try to generate a list of damaging noises. (1)很高兴见到大家。(2)很多到我们健康中心来看病的失聪学生给我们敲想了警钟。(3)首先，我想大致介绍一些听觉方面的基本知识。(4)然后我们考察一下学校的环境，看看能否找到一些保护听觉的办法。(5)过多的噪音是导致可预防性失聪的首要原因。(6)长时间听音量适中的噪音，或甚至短时间

29、受到强音的刺激也能损害听力。(7)音量以分贝作为衡量单位。(8)一分贝是指人耳能听到的最小的声音。(9)声量一直达到80分贝对人体都是无害的。(10)比如繁忙街道上的噪音。(11)但是，任何超过80分贝的声音，特别是连续暴露在这种声音之下，终会伤害到听觉。(12)当声音达到140分贝时，就好比喷气机起飞时的声音，你可能会觉得耳朵疼痛。(13)疼痛是听觉处在危险期的标志。(14)甚至在近距离受到强音的刺激也能丧失听力。(15)所以，你们要做的是限制自己暴露在有害的分贝下。(16)如果你们把这分材料传阅一下，就可以看到校园内一些声音的分贝含量。(17)注意橄榄球比赛时，观众吹喇叭时的声音有多大。(

30、18)当他们在你身后吹喇叭时真得很危险。(19)现在，让我们列出一个有害噪音的清单。decibel desibel：分贝5电影艺术(1)To get us started this semester I am going to spend the first two classes giving you background lectures about some basic cinematic concepts. (2)Once you are a little more familiar with basic film terminology, we will be ready to lo

31、ok at the history of movies in the United States. (3)Youll be expected to attend showing of films on Tuesday evenings at 7 oclock in Jennings Auditorium. (4)Thats our lab. (5)Then during our Wednesday seminar, well discuss in depth the movie we saw the night before. (6)We are not covering silent fil

32、ms in this course. (7)We will begin with the first talking motion picture, The Jazz Singer, released in 1927. (8)The next week, well be looking at The Gold Diggers of 1933, a piece that is very representative of the escapist trend in films released during the depression. (9)Some of the films we will be watching will probably be new to you, like Frank Capras Why We Fight. (10)Others you might have already seen on TV like Rebel Without A Cause starring James Deane, or Stanley