英语演讲原文WilliamFaulkner接受诺贝尔奖时的演说.docx

1、英语演讲原文WilliamFaulkner接受诺贝尔奖时的演说WilliamFaulkner接受诺贝尔奖时的演说Brief introduction to the speaker: William Faulkner (1897-1962) The novels of William Faulkner rank among the most important books of the 20th century. For them Faulkner was awarded the 1949 Nobel prize in Literature. Faulkner wrote mostly abou

2、t his hometown of Oxford 1 , in Lafayette County. Miss. After two apprentice 2 novels, Faulkner wrote six of his best books between 1929 and 1932, among them are The Sound and the Fury, As I Lay Dying, and Sanctuary 3 . 演讲者简介： 威廉福克纳的小说在二十世纪最重要的文学作品中占有一席之地他曾荣获1949年诺贝尔文学奖。他的作品多写自己的家乡密西西比州拉法叶特郡的牛津镇。在写了

3、两部练笔的小说之后，1929年和1932年之间，他写 了六部优秀的小说，其中包括：喧哗与骚动、我弥留之际和圣地。 I feel that this award was not made to me as a man, but to my work, a lifes work in the agony and sweat of the human spirit. Not for glory and least of all, for profit, but to create out of the material of the human spirit something which did

4、not exist before. So this award is only mine in trust. It would not be difficult to find a dedication 4 for the money part of it, commensurate for the purpose and significance of its origin. But I wou1d 1ike to do the same with the acclaim 5 too by using this moment as a pinnacle 6 from which I migh

5、t be listened to by the young men and woman, already dedicated 7 to the same anguish 8 and travail 9 , among whom is already that one who will someday stand here where I am standing 10 . Our tragedy today is a general and universal physica1 fear so long sustained by now that we can even bear it Ther

6、ere no longer problems of the spirit, theres only the question; When will I be blown up?. Because of this, the young man or woman writing today has forgotten the problems of the human heart in conflict with itself, which alone can make good writing because only that is worth writing about, worth the

7、 agony and the sweat. He must learn them again, he must teach himself that the basest of all things is to be afraid, and teaching himself that, forget it forever leaving no room in his workshop for anything but the old verities 11 and truths of the heart. The old universal truths, lacking which any

8、story is ephemeral and doomed 13 : love and honor and pity and pride, and compassion 14 and sacrifice. Until he does so, he labors 15 under a curse. He writes not of love, but of lust 16 , of defeats in which nobody loses anything of value, of victories without hope, and most of all, without pity or

9、 compassion. His grief weaves on no universal bone, leaving no scars. He writes not of the heart, but of the glands 17 . Until he re1earns these things, he will write as though he stood among and watched the end of mall. I dec1ine to accept the end of man. Its easy enough to say that man is immortal

10、 18 simply because he will endure, that from the last. ding-dong of doom 12 and clang had faded from the last worthless rock hanging tireless in the last red and dying evening, that even then, there will be one more sound, that of his puny 19 and inexhaustible voice still talking. I refuse to accept

11、 this, I believe that man will not merely endure, he will prevail. He is immortal, not because he alone among creatures has an inexhaustible voice, but because he has a soul, a spirit capable of compassion, and sacrifice, and endurance. The poets, the writers duty is to write about these things, its

12、 his privilege to help man endure, lifting his heart, by reminding him of the courage, and honor and hope and compassion and pity and sacrifice which have been the glory of his past. The poets voice need not merely be the recall of man, it can be one of the props 20 , the pillars to help him endure

13、and prevail. 我感到这份奖赏不是授予我个人而是授予我的工作的-授予我一生从事关于人类精神的呕心沥血的工作。我从事这项工作，不是为名，更不是为利，而是为了从人的精神原料中创造出一些从前不曾有过的东西。因此，这份奖金只不过是托我保管而已。要做出与这份奖赏原本的目的和意义相符，又与其奖金等价的献词并不困 难，但我还愿意利用这个时刻，利用这个举世瞩目的讲坛，向那些可能听到我说话并已献身于同一艰苦劳动的男女青年致敬。他们中肯定有人有一天也会站到我现在站着的地方来。 我们今天的悲剧是人们普遍存在一种生理上的恐惧，这种恐惧存在已久，以致我们已经习惯了。现在不存在精神上的问题，唯一的问题是：“我什

14、么时候会被炸得粉身碎骨？”正因如此，今天从事写作的男女青年已经忘记了人类内心的冲突。而这本身就能就好作品。因为这是唯一值得写、值得呕心沥血地去写的题材。 他一定要重新认识这些问题。他必须使自己明白世间最可鄙的事情莫过于恐惧。他必须使自己永远忘却恐惧，在他的工作室里除了心底古老的真理之外，任何东西都没有容身之地。没有这古老的普遍真理，任何小说都只能昙花一观，不会成功；这些真理就是爱、荣誉、怜悯、自尊、同情与牺牲等感惰。若是他做不到这样，他的气力终归白费。他不是写爱情而是写情欲，他写的失败是没有人失去可贵的东西的失败，他写的胜利是没有希望、更糟的是没有怜悯或同情的胜利。他的悲伤不是为了世上生灵，所

15、以留下不深刻的痕迹。他不是在写心灵而是在写器官。 在他重新懂得这些之前，他写作时，就犹如站在处于世界末日的人类中去观察末日的来临。我不接受人类末日的说法，因人类能延续而说人是不朽的，这很容易。说即使最后一次钟声已经消失，消失的再也没有潮水冲刷的映在落日余晖里的海上最后一块无用礁石之旁时，还会有一个声音，人类微弱的、不断的说话声，这也很容易。但是我不能接受这种说法。我相信人类不仅能延续。而且能战胜一切而永存。人类不朽不是因为在万物中唯有他能永远发言、而是因为他有灵魂，有同情心、有牺牲和忍耐精神。诗人和作家的责任就是把这些写出来。诗人和作家的特权就是去鼓舞人的斗志、使人记住过去曾经有过的光荣-人类

16、曾有过的勇气、荣誉、希望、自尊、同情、怜悯与牺牲精神-以达到永恒。诗人的声音不应只是人类的记录，而应是使人类永存并得到胜利的支柱和栋梁。 文章重点单词注释： 1 Oxfordn.牛津（英国城市）参考例句： At present he has become a Professor of Chemistry at Oxford.他现在已是牛津大学的化学教授了。This is where the road to Oxford joins the road to London.这是去牛津的路与去伦敦的路的汇合处。2 apprenticen.学徒，徒弟参考例句： My son is an apprent

17、ice in a furniture makers workshop.我的儿子在一家家具厂做学徒。The apprentice is not yet out of his time.这徒工还没有出徒。3 sanctuaryn.圣所，圣堂，寺庙；禁猎区，保护区参考例句： There was a sanctuary of political refugees behind the hospital.医院后面有一个政治难民的避难所。Most countries refuse to give sanctuary to people who hijack aeroplanes.大多数国家拒绝对劫机者提供

18、庇护。4 dedicationn.奉献，献身，致力，题献，献辞参考例句： We admire her courage,compassion and dedication.我们钦佩她的勇气、爱心和奉献精神。Her dedication to her work was admirable.她对工作的奉献精神可钦可佩。5 acclaimv.向欢呼，公认；n.欢呼，喝彩，称赞参考例句： He was welcomed with great acclaim.他受到十分热烈的欢迎。His achievements earned him the acclaim of the scientific commu

19、nity.他的成就赢得了科学界的赞誉。6 pinnaclen.尖塔，尖顶，山峰；(喻)顶峰参考例句： Now he is at the very pinnacle of his career.现在他正值事业中的顶峰时期。It represents the pinnacle of intellectual capability.它代表了智能的顶峰。7 dedicatedadj.一心一意的；献身的；热诚的参考例句： He dedicated his life to the cause of education.他献身于教育事业。His whole energies are dedicated to

20、 improve the design.他的全部精力都放在改进这项设计上了。8 anguishn.(尤指心灵上的)极度痛苦，烦恼参考例句： She cried out for anguish at parting.分手时，她由于痛苦而失声大哭。The unspeakable anguish wrung his heart.难言的痛苦折磨着他的心。9 travailn.阵痛；努力参考例句： Mothers know the travail of giving birth to a child.母亲们了解分娩时的痛苦。He gained the medal through his painful

21、travail.他通过艰辛的努力获得了奖牌。10 standingn.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的参考例句： After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。Theyre standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。11 veritiesn.真实( verity的名词复数 )；事实；真理；真实的陈述参考例句： the eternal verities of life 生命永恒的真理12 doomn.厄运，

22、劫数；v.注定，命定参考例句： The report on our economic situation is full of doom and gloom.这份关于我们经济状况的报告充满了令人绝望和沮丧的调子。The dictator met his doom after ten years of rule.独裁者统治了十年终于完蛋了。13 doomed命定的参考例句： The court doomed the accused to a long term of imprisonment. 法庭判处被告长期监禁。 A country ruled by an iron hand is doom

23、ed to suffer. 被铁腕人物统治的国家定会遭受不幸的。 14 compassionn.同情，怜悯参考例句： He could not help having compassion for the poor creature.他情不自禁地怜悯起那个可怜的人来。Her heart was filled with compassion for the motherless children.她对于没有母亲的孩子们充满了怜悯心。15 laborsv.努力争取(for)( labor的第三人称单数 )；苦干；详细分析；（指引擎）缓慢而困难地运转参考例句： He was tiresome in

24、contending for the value of his own labors. 他老为他自己劳动的价值而争强斗胜，令人生厌。 来自辞典例句Farm labors used to hire themselves out for the summer. 农业劳动者夏季常去当雇工。 来自辞典例句16 lustn.性(淫)欲；渴(欲)望；vi.对有强烈的欲望参考例句： He was filled with lust for power.他内心充满了对权力的渴望。Sensing the explorers lust for gold, the chief wisely presented gol

25、d ornaments as gifts.酋长觉察出探险者们垂涎黄金的欲念，就聪明地把金饰品作为礼物赠送给他们。17 glandsn.腺( gland的名词复数 )参考例句： a snakes poison glands 蛇的毒腺 the sebaceous glands in the skin 皮脂腺 18 immortaladj.不朽的；永生的，不死的；神的参考例句： The wild cocoa tree is effectively immortal.野生可可树实际上是不会死的。The heroes of the people are immortal!人民英雄永垂不朽！19 puny

26、adj.微不足道的，弱小的参考例句： The resources at the central banks disposal are simply too puny.中央银行掌握的资金实在太少了。Antonio was a puny lad,and not strong enough to work.安东尼奥是个瘦小的小家伙，身体还不壮，还不能干活。20 props小道具； 支柱( prop的名词复数 )； 支持者； 道具； （橄榄球中的）支柱前锋参考例句： Rescuers used props to stop the roof of the tunnel collapsing. 救援人员用支柱防止隧道顶塌陷。 The government props up the prices of farm products to support farmers incomes. 政府保持农产品价格不变以保障农民们的收入。