1、小升初英语精编真题小升初英语精编真题 月 日 班级 姓名 得分 Unit1名词一名词的定义表示人或物,地点,行为,感情以及抽象概念的词。它既可以是具体的,也可以是抽象的。二名词的分类名词分为专有名词和普通名词两大类。1. 专有名词表示具体的特定的人,地名,月份,星期,节日,报刊杂志等的名称。特征:(1)书写时第一个字母通常要大写。(2)一般情况不需要冠词(a/an/the)修饰,个别需要定冠词the 修饰。人名 Mr Zhang 张先生 Liu Dehua 刘德华 地名Italy 意大利 Beijing 北京 the Summer Palace 颐和园 其他July 七月 Saturday 星
2、期六 New Years Day 元旦 Christmas Day圣诞节 Childrens Day 儿童节 English Weekly 英语周报 Olympic Games 奥运会 2. 普通名词表示一类人,事物或者抽象概念的名词。特征:前面可以加上不定冠词a/an或者定冠词the,也可以不加冠词。普通名词可分为四类:个体名词表示某类人或事物中的个体bird bear student tree 物质名词表示无法分为个体的实物air milk ice water tea bread 集体名词表示若干个个体组成的集体team family group class people army pol
3、ice 抽象名词表示动作,状态,品质,情感,心理等抽象概念health danger death work love cold 三名词的数名词又可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。1. 可数名词(1)定义和特征可数名词表示可以计算数目的人或事物。特征:(1)有单数和复数两种形式。(2)单数名词和冠词a/an连用,表示数量为一。(3)复数名词表示数量大于一。可以用数词来修饰复数名词,来表示名词具体的数量。如果要表示可数名词的不确切的数量,可以用some,many,a lot of等修饰。(2)名词复数构成的规则变化情况构成方法读音例词 一般情况 直接加-s 清辅音后读/s/ 浊辅音后读/z/map-m
4、aps(地图)flag-flags(旗帜)book-books(书)car-cars(小汽车) 以-x, -s , -sh, -ch, 结尾的单词 直接加-es /iz/ box-boxes (盒子)bus-buses (公交车)glass-glasses(玻璃杯)class-classes(班级)boss-bosses(老板)watch-watches(手表)brush-brushes(刷子)喜(x)事(s)吃(ch)食(sh)有意思(+es) 以o结尾的单词 多数加-es /z/Negro-Negroes(黑人)hero-heroes(英雄)tomato-tomatoes(番茄)potat
5、o-potatoes(土豆)黑人英雄爱吃番茄土豆一些外来词/以“元音+o”或“oo”结尾的词 加-s /z/photo-photos(照片)piano-pianos(钢琴)kilo-kilos (公斤)tobacco-tobaccos(烟草)radio-radios(收音机)bamboo-bamboos(竹子)zoo-zoos(动物园) 以y结尾的单词以辅音字母+y结尾的单词变y 为i, 再加-es /iz/baby-babies(婴儿)family-families(家庭)factory-factories(工厂)story-stories(故事)lady-ladies(女士)fly-fli
6、es(苍蝇)country-countries(国家)city-cities(城市)difficulty-difficulties(困难) 以y结尾的 专有名词 直接加-s /z/Henrys Germanys Marys以f/fe结尾的单词 大多数 变f/fe为ves /vz/wife-wives(妻子)knife-knives(小刀)wolf-wolves(狼)thief-thieves(小偷)shelf-shelves(书架)self-selves(自己)life-lives(生命)half-halves(一半)leaf-leaves(树叶)(妻子拿刀去宰狼,小偷吓得发了慌,躲在架后保已
7、命,半片树叶遮目光。 少数变复数 直加-s /s/roof-roofs(屋顶)chief-chiefs(首领)belief-beliefs(观念)proof-proofs(证据)(3)名词复数构成的不规则变化A. 男人女人,a变e. man-men(男人), woman-women(女人), policeman-policemen(男警察), policewoman-policewomen(女警察) ,milkman-milkmen(牛奶的人)B. 鹅脚牙,oo变ee. goose-geese(鹅) foot-feet(脚) tooth-teeth(牙)C. 鼠孩儿牛便士 mouse-mice
8、(鼠)child-children(孩儿)ox-oxen(公牛) penny-pence(便士)D. 鱼鹿羊,单复同形. fish(鱼) deer(鹿) sheep(绵羊)E. 表示“国家人”的复数形式:(中日不变,英法变,其他s 跟后面)单复数同形: Chinese(中国人), Japanese(日本人),Swiss(瑞士人)变man为men:Frenchman-Frenchmen(法国人), Englishman-Englishmen(英 国人), Dutchman-Dutchmen(荷兰人)直接加-s: German-Germans(德国人), American-Americans(美国
9、人), Russian-Russians(俄国人), Roman-Romans(罗马人), Australian-Australians(澳大利亚人), Indian-Indians(印度人)(4)复合名词的复数构成A. 把复合名词中的主体变复数:son-in-law sons-in-law(女婿), passer-by passers-by(过路人), looker-on lookers-on(旁观者)B. 如没有主体名词,则在词尾加-s:grown-up grown-ups(成年人), go-between go-betweens(中间人)C. 分开写者,通常在第二部分加复数词尾:boy
10、student boy students(男学生), girl friend girl friends(女朋友)若第一部分为man/woman,两部分都变复数:man teacher men teachers(男老师), woman doctor women doctors(女医生)2. 不可数名词(1)定义和特征不可数名词表示不可以计算数目的人或事物。特征:(1)没有复数形式,在句子中一般被视为单数。(2)不与a/an连用,可以和the连用。(3)不可数名词的确切数量可以在不可数名词前加上单位词。如果要表示不可数名词的不确切的数量,可以用some,mnuch,a lot of等修饰。(2)不
11、可数名词的分类 A:肉类: 牛肉beef 猪肉pork 羊肉mutton 羔羊肉lamb 鸡肉chicken 鱼肉fish 肉(食品)meat 肉馅mince 牛排steak B:液体类:water水 milk牛奶 tea 茶 juice果汁 coca-cola可口可乐 coffee 咖啡 orange 橘子汁 beer 啤酒 wine 白酒 C:自然现象类:wind 风 snow 雪 rain 雨 fog 雾 weather 天气 air 空气 D:食物类:bread 面包 rice 大米 chocolate 巧克力 jam 果酱 soup 汤 butter 黄油 cheese 奶酪 sug
12、ar 糖 food 食物 cake 蛋糕 E:其他类:soap 香皂 tobacco 烟草 news 消息 work 工作 information 信息 hair 头发 money 钱 paper 纸 sand 沙子(3)不可数名词的用法A. 一些物质名词或抽象名词变为复数后意义放生变化:wood-woods树林, sand-sands沙滩, time-times时代, good-goods商品, work-works著作/工厂, cloth布-clothes衣服, snow-snows积雪,water-waters 水域,green-greens蔬菜B. 不可数名词可借助单位词表示数量:a
13、cup of tea(一杯茶), a glass of water(一杯水), two pieces of paper/news/cheese(两张纸/两条新闻/两块奶酪), five bags of rice(五袋大米), a pair of trousers(一条裤子), a pound of sugar(一磅糖), a quarter of cake (1/4蛋糕)C. 经常以复数形式出现的词:scissors(剪刀), glasses(眼镜), trousers(裤子), gloves(手套), shoes(鞋子), shorts(短裤), stockings(长筒袜)四名词的所有格1
14、. 可数名词(1)定义和两种形式名词所有格是名词中表示所有关系的形式,意为“.的”。所有格的构成有两种形式:一是由名词加s构成,通常用来表示有生命的东西;二是of 加名词构成,通常表示没有生命的东西。(2)s所有格形式单数复数单数复数共有都有店铺/家特殊名词boyboyschildchildrenTom and JerryTom and Jerrybutcherdoctoruncle时间距离国家机构所有格形式boysboyschildschildrensTom and JerrysToms and JerrysbutchersdoctorsunclestodaysChinasworlds特别注
15、意的共有/所有:表示几个主语共有一样东西,所有格的构成方法是:在最后一个主语后加s;表示几个主语各自拥有一样东西,所有格的构成方法是: 在每个主语后都加s. Eg: Andy and Susans mother 安迪和苏珊的妈妈 Eg: Andys and Susans mothers 安迪的妈妈和苏珊的妈妈特别要注意的节日:the Teachers Day(教师节), the Childrens Day(儿童节), the Mothers/ Fathers Day(母亲节/父亲节)特别要注意的表达方式:mens shoes(男鞋), womens suits(女套装)(3)of所有格形式:名
16、词+ of + 名词the colour of the wall(墙的颜色), the window of the room(房间的窗户), the cover of the book(书的封皮), the top of the mountain(山顶), a picture of my mother(我妈妈的一张照片), the title of the text(课文的标题) (4)双重所有格形式“of +s” 结构或 “of +名词性物主代词”结构,表示许多中的一个(或一部分)a teacher of my brothers(我弟弟的一位老师), a friend of hers(她的一
17、位朋友), a photo of Toms(Tom的一张照片), some students of Sarahs(Sarah的一些学生) 小升初专项练习名词一写出下列名词的复数形式1. computer_ 2. animal _ 3.sandwich _ 4. mouth _ 5.country _ 6.knife _ 7 story _ 8.sheep _ 9 .zero _ 10. foot _ 11.piano _ 12.German _ 13.man doctor _ 14.child _ 15.Chinese _ 16.tomato _二将下列短语译成英语1.今天的报纸_ 2.四年级
18、(4)班 _ 3.吉姆的一张相片 _ 4.中国的首都 _ 5.三箱苹果 _ 6.两杯牛奶 _7.她姐姐的朋友 _ 8.Tom 和 Jack 的房间 _ 三单项选择题1_ are going to England for a holiday. A. The Wang B. Wangs C. The Wangs D. The Wangs2. There are many _ in this school.A. women teachers B. woman teachers C. women teacher D. woman teacher3. _ turn yellow in autumnA.
19、leaf B. leaves C. leave D. leafs4. Will you please show me the way to the _ shop?A. shoe B. shoes C. shoes D. shoes5. Help yourselves to some _, dear children!A. fishs B. fishes C. fish D. the fish6. _ hard work it is!A. What a B. How C. What D. How a 7. Do you believe that there are two _ in my cla
20、ss?A. Maries B. Marys C. Marys D. Marys8. His family _ a happy one.A. be B. are C. is D. was9. I met two _ in the street yesterday morning.A. German B. Australian C. American D. Japanese10. My grandparents like _ very much, so they grow some in their _ garden every year.A. vegetable, vegetable B. ve
21、getable, vegetabes C. vegetables, vegetables D. vegetables, vegetable11. The friend of _ lives in the town.A. my brother B. my brothers C. my brothers D. my brothers12. My mother went to the supermarket and bought _ for me yesterday.A. a couple of shoes B. a pair of shoes C. a set of shoes D. two sh
22、oes13. There are five _ on the table.A. tomatos B. pinaoes C. radioes D. photos14. Tom has two _.A. brother in law B. brothers-in-law C. brothers in law D. brother-in-laws15. The chair over there is _.A. Marys and Joys B. Marys and Joy C. Mary and Joy D. Mary and Joys16. There are a lot of _ down th
23、ere but hardly any_A. sheeps, people B. sheep, people C. sheeps, peoples D. sheep, peoples17. How far is it form here? -About _ walk.A. ten minutes B. ten minutes C. ten minutes D. ten minutess18.There is only a little _ in the fridge. Thats not enough for breakfast.A. cakes B. bread C. eggs D. sand
24、wiches19. His full name is Jim Auan Green. So his family name is _.A. Jim B. Auan C. Jim Auan D. Green20. Whose ruler is it? Its _.A. hes B. Shes C. Wang Lis D. me21. She is from _. She is _.A. Germany; a Germany B. the Germany; German C. German; a Germany D. Germany; a German22. _came to our school
25、 last week.A. The Williams B. Williams C. The Williams D. The William23. We are going to _ to buy some rulers.A. the stationerss B. the stationers C. the stationers D. the stationer24. These _ sell well in this bookstore.A. childs B. book of childrens C. childrens books D. books of children25. _ roo
26、m is very nice.A. Toms and Johns B. Toms and John C. Tom and Johns D. Tom and John26. -What can I do for you? -Id like some _.A. bottle of orange B. bottle of oranges C. bottles of orange D. bottles of oranges27. This is James Allan Green. We can call him _.A. Mr Green B. Mr Allan C. Mr James D. Jam
27、es Green28. Mr Black has a _.A. ten year old boy B. ten-years old boy C. boy of ten year old D. boy of ten29. Many western festivals are very popular in China, but _ is still the most important for the Chinese.A. April Fools Day B. Christmas Day C. Halloween D. Spring Festival 30. In England, the la
28、st name is the _.A. family name B. middle name C. given name D. full name 编者的话:亲爱的同学们: 学完了名词你的收获是什么呢?你最迷惑的是什么呢?你认为最重要的考点是什么呢?赶快写下你自己的收获与老师一起分享一下吧!记住:不懂的一定要问哦! Unit2冠词一冠词的定义和分类:冠词是一种虚词,不能独立使用。只能置于名词或名词词组前,用来说明该名词的含义。冠词分为:不定冠词 a/an; 定冠词the; 零冠词(不用冠词的情况)。二不定冠词a/an: 不定冠词用在名词单数前,表示“一个,一”不定冠词位置例词特别注意a辅音音素
29、开始的单词前a bag/cat/dog/flya university/unitan元音音素开始的单词前an animal /apple /egg /English teacher /ice cream / Island / Italian car /orange/office/an houran unhappy dayan honest boyan A/E/F/H/I/L/M/N/O/S/X(Mr. Li has one fox.)带不定冠词的短语:catch a cold,(感冒) have a fever(发烧), take a bath(洗 澡), have a look(看一看), have a good time(玩的开心), have a rest (休息一下)三定冠词the:1
copyright@ 2008-2022 冰豆网网站版权所有
经营许可证编号:鄂ICP备2022015515号-1