考研英语811doc.docx

1、考研英语811doc考研英语-811(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Most people would be (1) by the high quality of medicine (2) to most Americans. There is a lot of specialization, a great deal of (3) to the individual, a (4) amount of advanced technical equipment, and (5) effort not to make

2、 mistakes because of the financial risk which doctors and hospitals must (6) in the courts if they (7) things badly.But the Americans are in a mess. The problem is the way in (8) health care is organized and (9) . (10) to pubic belief it is not just a free competition system. The private system has

3、been joined a large public system, because private care was simply not (11) the less fortunate and the elderly.But even with this huge public part of the system, (12) this year will eat up 84.5 billion dollarsmore than 10 percent of the U. S. Budgetlarge number of Americans are left (13) . These inc

4、lude about half the 11 million unemployed and those who fail to meet the strict limits (14) income fixed by a government trying to make savings where it can.The basic problem, however, is that there is no central control (15) the health system. There is no (16) to what doctors and hospitals charge f

5、or their services, other than what the public is able to pay. The number of doctors has shot up and prices have climbed. When faced with toothache, a sick child, or a heart attack, all the unfortunate persons concerned can do is (17) up. Two thirds of the population (18) covered by medical insurance

6、. Doctors charge as much as they want (19) that the insurance company will pay the bill.The rising cost of medicine in the U. S. A. is among the most worrying problems facing the country. In 1981 the countrys health bill climbed 15.9 percent-about twice as fast as prices (20) general.（分数：10.00）A.com

7、pressedB.impressedC.obsessedD.repressedA.availableB.attainableC.achievableD.amenableA.extensionB.retentionC.attentionD.exertionA.countlessB.titanicC.broadD.vastA.intensiveB.absorbedC.intenseD.concentratedA.run intoB.encounterC.faceD.defyA.treatB.dealC.maneuverD.handleA.whichB.thatC.whatD.whenA.to fi

8、nanceB.financedC.the financeD.to be financedA.ContraryB.Opposed toC.AverseD.ObjectedA.looking forB.looking intoC.looking afterD.looking overA.whichB.whatC.thatD.itA.overB.outC.offD.awayA.forB.inC.withD.onA.overB.onC.underD.behindA.boundaryB.restrictionC.confinementD.limitA.to payB.payingC.payD.to ha

9、ve paidA.is beingB.areC.have beenD.isA.knowingB.to knowC.they knowD.knownA.inB.withC.onD.for二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The history of English is conventionally, if perhaps too neatly, divided into three periods usually called old (or Anglo-Saxon

10、) English, Middle English, and Modern English. The earliest period begins with the migration of certain Germanic tribes from the continent to Britain in the fifth century A. D, though no records of their language survive from before the seventh century, and it continues until the end of the seventh

11、century or a bit later. By that time, Latin, Old Norse (the language of the Viking invaders), and especially the Anglo-Norman French of the dominant class after the Norman Conquest in 1066 had begun to have a substantial impact on the vocabulary, and the well-developed inflectional system that typif

12、ies the grammar of Old English had begun to break down.The period of Middle English extends roughly form the twelfth century through the fifteenth. The influence of French (and Latin, often by way of French) upon the vocabulary continued throughout the period, the loss of some inflections and the re

13、duction of others accelerated, and many changes took place within the grammatical systems of the language. A typical prose passage, specially one from the later part of the period, will not have such a foreign look to us as the prose of Old English, but it will not be mistaken for contemporary writi

14、ng either.The period of Modern English extends from the sixteenth century to our own day. The early part of this period saw the completion of a revolution in vowel distribution that had begun in late Middle English and that effectively brought the language to something resembling its present pattern

15、. Other important early developments include the stabilizing effect on spelling of the printing press and the beginning of the direct influence of Latin, and to a lesser extent, Greek on the vocabulary. Later, as English came into contact with other cultures around the world and distinctive dialects

16、 of English developed in the many areas which Britain had colonized, numerous other languages made small but interesting contributions to our word-stock.（分数：10.00）(1).The earliest written record of English available to us started_.（分数：2.00）A.from the seventh centuryB.from the fifth centuryC.from the

17、 twelfth centuryD.from the ninth century(2).What is the main feature of the grammar of Old English?（分数：2.00）A.The influence of Latin.B.A revolution in vowel distribution.C.A well-developed inflectional system.D.Loss of some inflections.(3).What can be inferred from the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Even an edu

18、cated person can not read old English without special training.B.A person who knows French well can understand old English.C.An educated person can understand old English but can not pronounce it.D.A person can pronounce old English words but cant understand them.(4).Which of the following is NOT me

19、ntioned?（分数：2.00）A.French.B.Latin.C.Greek.D.German.(5).What is the most remarkable characteristic of Modern English?（分数：2.00）A.Numerous additions to its vocabulary.B.Completion of a revolution in vowel distribution.C.Gradual changes in its grammatical system.D.The direct influence of Latin.五、Text 2(

20、总题数：1，分数：10.00)Whether work should be placed among the causes of happiness or among the causes of unhappiness may perhaps be regarded as a doubtful question. There is certainly much work which is exceedingly weary and an excess of work is always very painful. I think, however, that, provided work is

21、 not excessive in amount, even the dullest work is to most people less painful than idleness. There are in work all grades, from mere relief of tedium up to the profoundest delights, according to the nature of the work and the abilities of the worker. Most of the work that most people have to do is

22、not in itself interesting, but even such work has certain great advantages. To begin with, it fills a good many hours of the day without the need of deciding what one shall do. Most people, when they are left free to fill their own time according to their own choice, are at a loss to think of anythi

23、ng sufficiently pleasant to be worth doing. And whatever they decide, they are troubled by the feeling that something else would have been pleasanter. To be able to fill leisure intelligently is the last product of civilization, and at present very few people have reached this level. Moreover the ex

24、ercise of choice is in itself tiresome. Except to people with unusual initiative it is positively agreeable to be told what to do at each hour of the day, provided the orders are not too unpleasant. Most of the idle rich suffer unspeakable boredom as the price of their freedom from toil. At times th

25、ey may find relief by hunting big game in Africa, or by flying round the world, but the number of such sensations is limited, especially after youth is past, Accordingly the more intelligent rich men work nearly as hard as if they were poor, while rich women for the most part keep themselves busy wi

26、th innumerable trifles of those earth-shaking importance they are firmly persuaded.Work therefore is desirable, first and foremost, as a preventive of boredom, for the boredom that a man feels when he is doing necessary though uninteresting work is as nothing in comparison with the boredom that he f

27、eels when he has nothing to do with his days. With this advantage of work another is associated, namely that it makes holidays much more delicious when they come. Provided a man does not have to work so hard as to impair his vigor, he is likely to find far more zest in his free time than an idle man

28、 could possibly find.The second advantage of most paid work and of some unpaid work is that it gives chances of success and opportunities for ambition. In most work success is measured by income, and while our capitalistic society continues, this is inevitable. It is only where the best work is conc

29、erned that this measure ceases to be the natural one to apply. The desire than men feel to increase their income is quite as much a desire for success as for the extra comforts that a higher income can acquire. However dull work may be, it becomes bearable if it is a means of building up a reputatio

30、n, whether in the world at large or only in ones own circle.（分数：10.00）(1).What is the authors opinion about work?（分数：2.00）A.Work can keep people busy as if they were poor.B.Work is a cause of the greatest delight of life.C.Work is very tiresome, especially when too excessive.D.Work can at least give

31、 relief from boredom.(2).In the authors opinion, what is the last product of civilization?（分数：2.00）A.To make wise use of leisure.B.To be free from hard work.C.To keep oneself busy with trifles.D.To work to some extent.(3).According to the passage, to be told to do something is generally_.（分数：2.00）A.respectableB.acceptableC.insultingD.disgusting(4).According to the passage, success can mostly be measured in terms of_.（分数：2.00）A.relationshipB.enjoymentC.incomeD.promotion(5).As put by the author, most of the work that most people have to do is_.（分数：