河南省许昌县第一高级中学届高三第12次考试英语试题 含答案.docx

1、河南省许昌县第一高级中学届高三第12次考试英语试题 含答案2018届高三第12次考试英语试卷第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）AA young man named Charles Lyell had different ideas. He wrote a book about them called Principles of Geology (地质学). The earth，according to Lyell，was not only thousands of years old，

2、it was millions of years old. As to (关于) the common belief that changes in the earths surface happen suddenly because of a single earthquake or flood，he said that this might happen once in a while，but usually these changes took place very slowly. He believed that the surface of the earth had been ch

3、anging from the beginning of time. The changes，he said，were caused by the long-term action of the winds and seas，and by forces such as volcanoes breaking out under the earths surface. Once in a great while he thought，a mountain might appear for the first time after an earthquake. But usually mountai

4、ns would rise slowly and steadily. Professor Henslow was interested in Lyells ideas，but he did not actually believe them. Charles Darwin could not make up his mind about them. But they set him thinking along lines which would later change the beliefs of thoughtful people all over the world. 7 At Cam

5、bridge，Charles Darwin studied just enough to pass the examination，and received his college degree in 1831.During this time，he had become more and more interested in geology. At the end of the school year，he went to North Wales with one of his teachers to examine the rock formations (构成) and to searc

6、h for fossils (化石). Fossils are the remains of ancient living things. They are usually found fixed in rocks in the earths crust (地壳). Fossils may be of animals，such as fish，insects，birds，or humans. They may be of plants from tiny leaves to huge trees. When a living creature dies，it usually decays (腐

7、烂)or is eaten by animals. However，if it sinks into a riverbed (河床) or is quickly covered by the blowing sands of a desert storm，the bones are kept up in the earth. Over many years the soft inner parts of a bone disappear，leaving the inside hollow (空的). Water containing mineral enters into the hollow

8、. Slowly the mineral hardens and makes the bone hard and heavy，like stone. 1.According to Charles Lyell，it is mainly that the earth has been formed like todays shape. A. from the beginning of time B. past some experiences of big flood C. over a very long period of years D. because of several big ear

9、thquakes2. Charles Lyell believed the fact that a mountain is formed . A. more by seas than by volcanoes B. more slowly than suddenly C. more by an earthquake than by winds D. more steadily than quickly 3. The main purpose of Darwins going to North Wales was to . A. make a study of fossils B. apprec

10、iate the rock information C. to do research work into dead animals D. look for plants from tiny leaves to huge trees 4. In which order are fossils formed? a. A living thing sinks into a riverbed or sands. b. Water goes into a bone hollow together with mineral. c. Something soft in a bone disappears.

11、 d. The hardened mineral makes the bone hard. e. The bone becomes hollow inside. A. a b c d e B. c a b e d C. a c e b d D . e c d b aB Statistically, air travel is by far the safest way to travel, and you can make flying even safer, just by following these simple rules. As your chances of being invo

12、lved in an air accident are practically nil (零), many of these tips concern what you should and shouldnt do to make your journey safer when you are airborne (升空的).Fly on non-stop routesMost accidents occur during the takeoff, climb, descent and landing phases of a flight, so flying non-stop reduces

13、your exposure to these complex procedures.Choose larger aircraft. Although small aircrafts have very good safety records, those with more than 30 passenger seats are designed to comply (遵守) with much stricter regulations and are tested more regularly to make sure they still comply. Also, in the unli

14、kely event of a serious accident, larger aircraft provide a better opportunity for passenger survival.Pay attention to the pre-flight safety briefingThe information may seem repetitious (重复的), but its worth listening to the flight attendants. And even if youve flown before, it doesnt mean you know e

15、verything about the aircraft youre on, such as the location of the closest emergency exit.Store things safelyNever put very heavy articles in the overhead storage bins. They may fall out when someone opens the bin and cause injury. Also, the bin may not be able to hold heavier objects during turbule

16、nce (气流).Keep our seat belt fastened while you are seatedCabin crew always tell you this, but its important. You would be seriously injured if the plane hits unexpected turbulence. Always fasten your seat belt if you are told to. The general rule of flying is this: If you are told to do something, d

17、o it first and ask questions later.Let the flight attendant pour your hot drinksFlight attendants are trained to handle hot drinks like coffee or tea in a crowded aisle on a moving aircraft, so allow them to pour the drink and hand it to you. Never ask to take a coffee pot from one of them. 5. What

18、is the overall reason for these air safety tips? A. What to do in the event of a crash. B. How to avoid turbulence.C. How to improve safety while you are flying. D. How to avoid injury.6. The underlined word those in the second tip refers to _. A. smaller planes B. passengers C. larger aircraft D. s

19、afety records7. The underlined phrase The general rule in the fifth tip refers to _. A. anything the flight staff tell you to do B. general safety adviceC. walking around the plane D. pouring hot drinks8. Which of the following is NOT true? A. Larger planes have more safety checks and are safer in a

20、n accident.B. Take-offs are safer on non-stop flights than landings.C. Every aircraft is different, so the safety procedures may be different.D. Seat belts should be worn to protect against turbulence.9. The best title of the passage should be _. A. The Safest Way to Travel B. Air Safety TipsC. Non-

21、stop Routes D. How to Fly a PlaneCAn old friend from California called from the airport to tell me that he had arrived. I was not able to leave the office, but I had made plans for his arrival. After explaining where my new house was, I told him that I had left the key under the doormat (门垫). Since

22、I knew it would be pretty late before I could get home, I suggested that he make himself at home and help himself to anything that was in the refrigerator. Two hours later my friend phoned me from the house. At the moment, he said, he was listening to some of my records after having had a delicious

23、meal. Now, he said, he was drinking a glass of orange juice. When I asked him if he had had any difficulty finding the house, he answered that the only problem was that he had not been able to find the key under the doormat, but luckily, the living room window by the apple tree had been left open an

24、d he had climbed in through the window. I listened to all this in great surprise. There is no apple tree outside my window, but there is one by the living room window of my next door neighbors house! 10. An old friend of mine called _. A. to tell me to meet him at the airport B. to tell me about his

25、 arrival C. to ask me to leave the office D. to ask me to make plans for his arrival11. My friend climbed into the room because _ . A. there was an apple tree outside B. the living room window was left open C. he had difficulty opening the door D. he hadnt found the key12. My friend telephoned me tw

26、o hours later _ . A. from my home B. at the airport C. in his office D. from my neighbors house DThe quality of drinking water in Shanghai will meet European Union standard by 2018 and, a decade later, citizens in Shanghai will drink the best water in the world. These are the goals set out by the Sh

27、anghai Water Authority. With the citys population expected to increase only slightly and the economy to boom by 2180, Chen Yin, and official with the water authority, said Shanghais water consumption will not increase from its present amount.Zhang Yue, director of the Urban Construction Division und

28、er the Ministry of Construction, said, “Shanghai is the first city in the country to publicize these ambitions. They will not be easy to achieve.” He said water saving will help keep the sustainable development of Chinas economy.Saving one cubic meter of water means saving the citys infrastructure（基

29、础设施）costs by 10,000 Yuan. Last year, Shanghai saved 300 million cubic meters of water either from readjustment of industrial structure or the employment of new technology. “The aim is to arouse public awareness of the seriousness of water shortages,” Chen said. “The abundant surface water and amount

30、 of rain of the city are so misleading that they result in improper use of water.” Shanghai lacks drinkable water. The Huangpu River, which supplies 80 percent of the citys drinkable water, is nearing exhaustion. The city, therefore, has been exploring new sources from the Yangtze River and growing

31、forests along it to conserve quality water. Besides penning regulations, the authority is popularizing technology among the public to efficiently cut the amount of water used. At present, the city has 600，000 family toilets, each using 13 liters of water per flush. These are to be renovated（整修）to us

32、e only 9 liters of water per flush.The authority is renovating the first 200 toilets for households at a cost of 40 Yuan each. In three years, all the toilets will be renovated, which saves the city nearly 15 million Yuan every year in water conservation. Another task the city is engaged in is the treatment of sewage（污水）to improve the water environment. At present the city can only treat 44 percent of its daily 5.18 million tons of waste water. To me