中考初中英语 被动语态 专题复习学案.docx

1、中考初中英语 被动语态 专题复习学案中考初中英语 被动语态 专题复习学案1.定义:语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明句中主语和谓语动词的关系。如果主语是动词的执行者，则使用_主动_语态，如果主语是动作的承受者，则使用_被动_语态.2.英语中有两种语态：主动语态 与 被动语态3.主动语态变被动语态：主动：The boy broke the window yesterday. 动作执行者 动词主动形式 动作承受者被动：The window was broken by the boy. 动作承受者 动词被动形式 动作执行者练习:划出动作的执行者与承受者.主动：Bell invented the tele

2、phone in 1876. 被动：The phone was invented by Bell in 1876.4.结构：be(am/is/are/was/were) + V及过分eg:1.English is spoken by many people. 2.A book is written by him. 注：不及物动词和系动词没有被动语态.5.各种时态被动语态结构：(1)一般现在时被动语态:am/is /are+V及过分 eg:The classroom is cleaned every day.(2)一般过去时被动语态:was/were+V及过分eg:The bike was bo

3、ught yesterday.(3)含有情态动词的被动语态:情态动词(can/may /must/should /need)+be+ V及过分eg:1.It can be done in one hour. 2.Trees must be planted every year.(4)一般将来时被动:will/ shall be+V及过分 eg:The meeting will be held tomorrow.(5)现在进行时被动:am/is/are+being+V及过分 eg:An English talk is being given by Mr Wang.(6)现在完成时被动:have/

4、has+been+V及过分 eg:Many buildings have been built in our city. (7)过去完成时被动:had been+V及过分eg:Lots of trees had been planted in the past few years.6.被动语态的基本用法：1.强调或突出动作的执行者时用by+执行者.eg:Chinese is spoken by the largest number of people in the world.2.没必要或无法说出动作的执行者.eg:1.Cars are made in Shanghai. 2.Sweaters

5、 are used for keeping warm注：1.汉语中的“被 ，受，由 ”等词在翻译英语时常用被动语态 2.含有hear/make/see的句子变为被动时，需要加to. eg:1.I often hear her sing in the next room. She _often _ _sing in the next room.2.The boss made his brother work 18 hours a day. His brother_ _ _ work 18 hours a day.3.用于词组的被动语态,常用于表示据说或相信，eg：It is said that.

6、(据说.) It is reported that(据报道.)It is well-known that(众所周知) 4.有些动词用主动表被动：write/sell/ clean/wash/want(need)+ doing/want(need)+ to be done/be worth doingeg: (1)这种食物尝起来好卖的也好. This food tastes_and _ well.(2)这支笔写的很糟/流畅.This pen _ badly/smoothly.即学即练：1. 用括号中动词被动结构的适当形式填空.1.English_widely_(use) in the world

7、.2.She_(fall) ill last night ,and she_(take) to the hospital at once.3.The Great Wall_(know)all over the world.4.Three children_(take) good care of by the nurse.5.Some new houses_(build) by the villagers themselves.6.What language_(speak)in Japan ?7.The black bike_(buy) in that shop three days ago.8

8、.The big tree_(blow) down in the storm last night.9.Computer science_(teach) now almost in all universities.10.The first railway in the world _(design) in the last century. 11.The window _ (not break) by the boy just now.12.Visitors _（ask）not to touch the exhibits(展览品).13.A beautiful horse _ (draw)

9、by John yesterday.14.The pictures _ (take) by Jack tomorrow.15.School football game _ (hold) last Friday evening.16.A number of the trees _ (plant) around Dalian every year.17.This book _ (write) for Chinese children at that time.18.He _ (invite) to the party by his friends last Monday.19.The sports

10、 meeting _ (hold) next Friday.二.单项选择.1._ a new library _ in our school last year? A.Is; built B.Was; built C.Does; build D.Were,built2.An accident _ on this road last week. A.was happened B.is happened C.happened D.was happening3.Cotton _ in the southeast of China. A.is grown B.are grown C.grows D.g

11、row4.A talk on Chinese history _ in the school hall next week.A.is given B.has been given C.will be given D. will given5.Your shoes _. You need a new pair. A.wear out B.worn out C.are worn out D. wears out 6.It is reported that more teaching buildings _ in our school next term. A.will be built B.wil

12、l build C.was built D.built7.Mary _ show me her new dictionary just now. A.has asked to B.was asked to C.is asked D.asked 8.The monkey was seen _ off the tree.A.jump B.jumped C.to jump D.jumping9.He_some pieces of advice, but he_to them. A.gave, didnt listen B.was given, wasnt listened C.was given,

13、didnt listen D.gives, doesnt listen 10.A strange thing_in our school yesterday. A.was happened B.has been happened C.happened D.happens 11.Jim wasnt at school because he _ to stay at home.A.is told B.told C.was told D.will be told 12.The teacher told his students that they _to be useful men to the c

14、ountry. A.were all expected B.were all expecting C.all were expected D.expected 13._ that Susan cant go to the party because she _.A.Its said , didnt invite B.Its said , wasnt invited C.I was told , wasnt invited D.Its said, doesnt invite一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷1阅读理解 To: Carlayahoo. comFrom:Eric163. comSubjec

15、t: Help!Date:15/04/20199:05 AMDear Aunt Carla, Im having a problem with my classmate, Joan, at school. The other day I wrote an email to another classmate, Beth, in which I said something about Joan that perhaps wasnt very nice. Unluckily, when Beth was writing back to me, she sent it to Joan163. co

16、m, which is Joans email address! Now Joan is really angry with me and wont talk to me, and Beth is unhappy as well. She has said sorry to me a hundred times already, but the harm is done. I feel bad, because I would never have said those things to Joans face, but how do I get her to forgive(谅解)me? W

17、hat should I do?To:Eric163. comFrom: Carlayahoo. comSubject: Some adviceDate:16/04/20198:30 AMDear Eric, This problem is more common than you might think! Email is very useful, but also very dangerous, as you dont know where your message might end up! First of all, you should say sorry right away to

18、 Joan. Explain that it was a mistake, and that you didnt mean to hurt her feelings. It may take time for her to be able to forgive you, but thats up to her. Then you might want to do something nice for her. Perhaps send her some flowers to show that youre truly sorry. Also, you should remember that

19、old saying: If you dont have anything nice to say, dont say anything at all. And good luck!Carla（1）If you have any problem, youd better send an email to. A.Eric163. ComB.Joan163. comC.Bethyahoo. comD.Carlayahoo. com（2）How soon did Eric get the reply from Aunt Carla? A.In one day.B.In two days.C.In a

20、 week.D.In a month.（3）Why did Eric write the email to Carla? A.To say sorry.B.To ask for advice.C.To give advice.D.To say something unfriendly.（4）Carla gave pieces of advice to Eric. A.fiveB.FourC.threeD.two【答案】 （1）D（2）A（3）B（4）C 【解析】【分析】主要讲了Eric和同学Joan相处不好，写电子邮件给Beth时，Beth回信时结果给Joan回信了，Joan知道后非常生气，B

21、eth也不高兴，Eric写电子邮件向Carla寻求帮助。 （1）细节题。根据Subject: Some advice From: Carlayahoo. com可知有问题可以向Carla寻求帮助，故选D。 （2）细节题。根据第一个表格Date:15/04/20199:05 AM和第二个表格Date:16/04/20198:30 AM可知2019奶奶4月15日9:05分Eric写的电子邮件，2019年4月16日8:30Carla回信，所以是一天内回复，故选A。 （3）细节题。根据but how do I get her to forgive(谅解)me? What should I do?我应该

22、怎样做，可知Eric寻求帮助建议，故选B。 （4）细节题。根据First of all, you should say sorry right away to Joan. Explain that it was a mistake, and that you didnt mean to hurt her feelings. It may take time for her to be able to forgive you, but thats up to her. Then you might want to do something nice for her. Perhaps send h

23、er some flowers to show that youre truly sorry.首先，你应该马上向琼道歉。说明这是个错误，你不是有意伤害她的感情。她也许需要时间才能原谅你，但这取决于她。那你可能想为她做点好事。也许送她一些花来表示你真的很抱歉。可知是三条建议，故选C。 【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。2阅读理解 Maybe we three were the most unlucky graduates in our school history. Ill never forget the day when we had our graduation

24、 ceremony(毕业典礼). I was known for being careless. I often fell down for no reason. Since I fell off the stage(舞台)during my Primary Graduation Ceremony, my family bet(打赌)that I would fall down again during my next graduation ceremony. The day came so quickly. This time, I proudly made it through the w

25、hole ceremony without falling. but I knocked over the whole backdrop (背景板)used to take pictures for graduates! I felt so embarrassed (尴尬的)the whole morning. My friend Julia was even more embarrassed. When she together with all the graduates was sitting quietly in the hall at eight in the morning, sh

26、e didnt expect her father to come to attend her ceremony because he was really busy then. The hall was very quiet and you could even hear a pin(针)drop on the ground. When all of a sudden, out of the silence, she heard Hey, Julia! Everyone in the hall looked behind and found Julias father, with a cam

27、era in his hand, smiling at her! Tiffany was the most beautiful girl of us three. She loved all kinds of dresses. On that day, she dressed herself beautifully and wanted to have some beautiful photos. Unluckily, it was one of the windiest days of our life. The wind blew her beautiful dress up in fro

28、nt of the whole graduate class! She didnt know whether to cry or laugh. Lucky? Unlucky? So lucky! All of these became the unforgettable part of our life!（1）The writer was very in her daily life. A.carelessB.carefulC.friendlyD.lazy（2）Julias father at the graduation ceremony. A.sat quietly in his seatB.was busy with his workC.took pictures for herD.dropped a pin on the ground（3）This story happened on a morning. A.cloudyB.windyC.sunny