专业四级考前恶补阅读完型.docx

1、专业四级考前恶补阅读完型专业四级考前恶补-阅读完型PART Decide which of the choices given below would correctly complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the correct choice for each blank on your ANSWER SHEET. The United States is well-known for its network of major highways designed to help a driver

2、 get from one place to another in the shortest possible time. _1_ these wide modern roads are generally _2_ and well maintained, with_3_ sharp curves and straight sections, a direct route is not always the most _4_ one. Large highways often pass _5_ scenic areas and interesting small towns. Furtherm

3、ore, these highways generally _6_ large urban centers, which means that they become crowded with _7_ traffic during rush hours, _8_ the “fast, direct” route becomes a very slow route. However, there is almost always another route to take _9_ you are not in a hurry. Not far from the _10_ new “superhi

4、ghways”, there are often older, _11_ heavily traveled roads which go through the countryside. _12_ of these are good two-lane roads; others are uneven roads curving through the country. These secondary routes may go up steep slopes, along high _13_ , or down frightening hillside to towns _14_ in dee

5、p valleys. Through these less direct routes, longer and slower, they generally go to places _15_ the air is clean and scenery is beautiful, and the driver may have a chance to get a fresh, clean view of the world. 1. A. Although B. Since C. Because D. Therefore 2. A. stable B. splendid C. smooth D.

6、complicated 3. A. little B. few C. much D. many 4. A. terrible B. possible C. enjoyable D. profitable 5. A. to B. into C. over D. by 6. A. lead B. connect C. collect D. communicate 7. A. large B. fast C. high D. heavy 8. A. when B. for C. but D. that 9. A. unless B. if C. as D. since 10. A. relative

7、ly B. regularly C. respectively D. reasonably 11. A. and B. less C. more D. or 12. A. All B. Several C. Lots D. Some 13. A. rocks B. cliffs C. roads D. paths 14. A. lying B. laying C. laid D. lied 15. A. there B. when C. which D. where PART SECTION A READING COMPREHENSION25 MIN.In this section there

8、 are four passages followed by fifteen questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the correct answer. Mark your choice on your ANSWER SHEET. TEXT A Before the mid 1860s, the impact of the railroads in the United States

9、was limited, in the sense that the tracks ended at this Missouri River, approximately the center of the country. At the point the trains turned their freight, mail, and passengers over to steamboats, wagons, and stagecoaches. This meant that wagon freighting, stage coaching, and steam boating did no

10、t come to an end when the first train appeared; rather they became supplements or feeders. Each new “end of track” became a center for animal drawn or waterborne transportation. The major effect of the railroad was to shorten the distance that had to be covered by the older, slower, and more costly

11、means. Wagon freighters continued operating throughout the 1870s and 1880s and into the 1890s. Although over constantly shrinking routes, and coaches and wagons continued to crisscross the West wherever the rails had not yet been laid. The beginning of a major change was foreshadowed in the later 18

12、60s, when the Union Pacific Railroad at last began to build westward from the Central Plains city of Omaha to meet the Central Pacific Railroad advancing eastward from California through the formidable barrier of the Sierra Nevada. Although President Abraham Lincoln signed the original Pacific Railr

13、oad bill in 1862 and a revised, financially much more generous version in 1864, little construction was completed until 1865 on the Central Pacific and 1866 on the Union Pacific. The primary reason was skepticism that a Railroad built through so challenging and thinly settled a stretch of desert, mo

14、untain, and semiarid plain could pay a profit. In the words of an economist, this was a case of “premature enterprise”, where not only the cost of construction but also the very high risk deterred private investment. In discussing the Pacific Railroad bill, the chair of the congressional committee b

15、luntly stated that without government subsidy no one would undertake so unpromising a venture; yet it was a national necessity to link East and West together. 16. The author refers to the impact of railroads before the late 1860s as “limited” because _ . A. the track did not take the direct route fr

16、om one city to the next B. passengers and freight had to transfer to other modes of transportation to reach western destinations C. passengers preferred stagecoaches D. railroad travel was quite expensive 17. What can be inferred about coaches and wagon freighters as the railroadexpanded? A. They de

17、veloped competing routes. B. Their drivers refused to work for the railroads. C. They began to specialize in private investment. D. There were insufficient numbers of trained people to operate them. 18. Why does the author mention the Sierra Nevada in line 17? A. To argue that a more direct route to

18、 the West could have been taken. B. To identify a historically significant mountain range in the West. C. To point out the location of a serious train accident. D. To give an example of an obstacle faced by the central pacific. 19. The word “subsidy” in line 27 is closest in meaning to _ . A. persua

19、sion B. financing C. explanation D. penalty TEXT B Certainly no creature in the sea is odder than the common sea cucumber. All living creature, especially human beings, have their peculiarities, but everything about the little sea cucumber seems unusual. What else can be said about a bizarre animal

20、that, among other eccentricities, eats mud, feeds almost continuously day and night but can live without eating for long periods, and can be poisonous but is considered supremely edible by gourmets? For some fifty million years, despite all its eccentricities, the sea cucumber has subsisted on its d

21、iet of mud. It is adaptable enough to live attached to rocks by its tube feet, under rocks in shallow water, or on the surface of mud flats. Common in cool water on both Atlantic and Pacific shores, it has the ability to suck up mud or sand and digest whatever nutrients are present. Sea cucumbers co

22、me in a variety of colors, ranging from black to reddish brown to sand color and nearly white. One form even has vivid purple tentacles. Usually the creatures are cucumber shapedhence their nameand because they are typically rock inhabitants, this shape, combined with flexibility, enables them to sq

23、ueeze into crevices where they are safe from predators and ocean currents. Although they have voracious appetites, eating day and night, sea cucumbers have the capacity to become quiescent and live at a low metabolic ratefeeding sparingly or not at all for long periods, so that the marine organisms

24、that provide their food have a chance to multiply. If it were not for this faculty, they would devour all the food available in a short time and would probably starve themselves out of existence. But the most spectacular thing about the sea cucumber is the way it defends itself. Its major enemies ar

25、e fish and crabs, when attacked, it squirts all its internal organs into water. It also casts off attached structures such as tentacles. The sea cucumber will eviscerate and regenerate itself if it is attacked or even touched; it will do the same if the surrounding water temperature is too high or i

26、f the water becomes too polluted. 20. According to the passage, why is the shape of sea cucumbers important? A. It helps them to digest their food. B. It helps them to protect themselves from danger. C. It makes it easier for them to move through the mud. D. It makes them attractive to fish. 21. The

27、 fourth paragraph of the passage primarily discusses _ . A. the reproduction of sea cucumbers B. the food sources of sea cucumbers C. the eating habits of sea cucumbers D. threats to sea cucumbers existence 22. What can be inferred about the defence mechanisms of the sea cucumber? A. They are very s

28、ensitive to surrounding stimuli. B. They are almost useless. C. They require group cooperation. D. They are similar to those of most sea creatures. 23. Which of the following would NOT cause a sea cucumber to release its internal organs into the water? A. A touch. B. Food. C. Unusually warm water. D

29、. Pollution. TEXT C Human beings have used tools for a very long time. In some parts of the world you can still find tools that people used more than two million years ago. They made these tools by hitting one stone against another. In this way, they broke off pieces from one of the stones. These ch

30、ips of stone were usually sharp on one side. People used them for cutting meat and skin from dead animals, and also for making other tools out of wood. Human beings needed to use tools because they did not have sharp teeth like other meat eating animals, such as lions and tigers. Tools helped people

31、 to get food more easily. Working with tools also helped to develop human intelligence. The human brain grew bigger, and human beings began to invent more and more tools and machines. The stone chip was one of the first tools that people used, and perhaps it is the most important. Some scientists say that it was the key to success of mankind. Since 1960 a new kind of tool has appeared. This is the silicon chipa little chip of silicon crystal. It is smaller than a fingernail, but it can store more than a million “bits” of information. It is an electron