大学英语精读第三册.docx

1、大学英语精读第三册Book Three Lesson Thirteenaffluentadj.having a lot of money, so that you can afford to buy expensive things, live in a nice house etc. 富裕的，富足的：He was born in an affluent family.词形变换affluence n. U 富足，富裕axe/ax n. Cespecially BrE。 AmE usually ax a tool with a wooden handle and a heavy metal bl

2、ade, used for chopping wood, cutting down trees, etc. 斧b5E2RGbCAP记忆技巧区别形近词：axox(牛axis轴） 注意：ax 的复数形式是axes, axis 的复数形式也是axes.p1EanqFDPwbanal :adj. disapproving very ordinary and containing nothing that is interesting or important 平庸的，陈腐的，平淡无味的：His thoughts were banal.DXDiTa9E3d词形变换banality n. 平庸，陈词滥调b

3、attered adj. old, used a lot, and not in very good condition 破旧不堪的：a battered old car/suitcase RTCrpUDGiTbeam : n. C ray or stream of light光线. n. C long, thick and usually heavy bar of wood, esp. one used in building 横梁：The cottage had an original fireplace and oak beams. 2. v.I。Tto have a big happy

4、 smile on your face 笑容满面，眉开眼笑：He beamed at the journalists.The barman beamed a warm smile at her.jLBHrnAILg典型试卷When he came down the stairs, he was _ with delight.xHAQX74J0XA. beaming B. bearingC. beatingD. batting试卷详解 答案为A.句意：他下楼时，高兴得满脸笑容。beam 指微笑；bear意为“承受，忍受”，指“to be able to accept and deal with

5、sth. unpleasant”；beat意为“击打”；bat意为“用球棒击球尤指板球或棒球运动）”，如：He bats very well.LDAYtRyKfEbehead v. Tusually passive to cut off sb.s head, esp. as a punishment 将某人）斩首 with too much pride or satisfaction自夸，自吹自擂：She is always boasting about how wonderful her children are.dvzfvkwMI1补充意义 n. C often disapproving

6、proud words used in praise of oneself 自夸，夸耀：It was her proud boast that she had never missed a days work.rqyn14ZNXI词形变换 boastful adj. (人好自夸的；boaster n. 自诩者braid v. Tto twist three or more long pieces of hair, rope, etc. together to make one long piece 将担负(重物，责任或义务：The government burdened the nation

7、with heavy taxes.SixE2yXPq5补充意义 n.1. Ca duty, responsibility etc. that causes worry, difficulty or hard work (义务，责任等的 重担，负担：I dont want to be a burden to my children when Im old. 2. C formal a heavy load that is difficult to carry 重担, 负荷：The old man bent with a heavy burden on his back.6ewMyirQFL常用短

8、语 lighten/relieve a burden减负；carry a burden 负载重物；shoulder a burden 肩负重物；share a burden 分担责任kavU42VRUscaution v. Tto warn sb. to be careful about sth. 警告：We are cautioned not to make a lot of noise after ten in the evening.y6v3ALoS89补充意义 n.1. U taking care。 paying attention (to avoid danger or making

9、 mistakes 小心，谨慎，慎重：Dad always drives with caution. 2. C formal warning words (对危险或风险的警告，告诫：The policeman let the driver off with a caution.M2ub6vSTnP常用短语 caution sb. about sth. 警告某人某事；caution sb. for doing sth. 因而警告某人；caution sb. against doing/not to do sth. 警告某人不要做某事0YujCfmUCw典型考题 Always she sought

10、 someone to whom she could talk without _.eUts8ZQVRdA. caution B. mind C. heart D. attention试卷详解 答案为A.句意：她经常找一个无需戒备的人讲出心里话。with caution 小心需要提防地）；反之without caution 在此指无需防备地；考生从本句中可以了解到她想找个人交谈，由此可以断定她希望找一个能够推心置腹交谈的人。注意：without不与 mind, heart, attention 搭配。 sQsAEJkW5T词形变换 cautious adj. 小心的，谨慎的；cautiousl

11、y adv. 小心地，慎重地GMsIasNXkAcellar n.Cunderground room for storing things 用来储物的）地窖，地下室：We are building a potato cellar.TIrRGchYzg补充意义 n. C 所储藏的酒：Our neighbor keeps a good cellar.7EqZcWLZNXceremonial adj.usually before nounused in ceremony 礼仪的，用于礼仪的：a ceremonial sword 礼仪佩剑lzq7IGf02Echallenge v. Tto invit

12、e sb. to enter a competition, fight, etc. to prove who is better, stronger, or more able向. C an invitation or suggestion to sb. that they should enter a competition, fight, etc. 挑战书，.C a statement or an action that shows sb. refuses to accept sth. and questions whether it is right, legal etc. 质疑： It

13、 was a direct challenge to the presidents authority.NrpoJac3v1典型考题He proclaimed his innocence and _his accusers to confront him openly.1nowfTG4KIA. contested B. challengedC. exclaimed D. acclaimed试卷详解 答案为B.句意：他发誓自己是无辜的，要求和控告者们公开对质。challenge sb. to do sth.向某人）发出强烈要求做某事）；因为他相信自己是无辜的，所以肯定会向控告者们提出挑战，要求公

14、开对质。contest 争夺，竞争；exclaim 粗线，细绳He tied the package with a cord.HbmVN777sLdebris 。AmE:n.Upieces of wood, metal and brick etc. that are left after sth. is destroyed 残骸,碎片: Emergency teams are still clearing the debris from the air clash.V7l4jRB8Hsdiagnosev. Tto find out the nature of an illness诊断，判断.T

15、to question whether sth. is true and valid对提出质疑: The figures have been disputed. 2. Tto argue or disagree strongly with sb. about sth. especially about who owns it争论，辩论: The ownership of this land has been disputed for centuries.ORjBnOwcEd常用短语 dispute with/against sb.与某人争论词义辨析 dispute, discuss, deba

16、te, arguedispute:指因意见分歧而带着强烈或激动的感情进行争辩；discuss:指为寻求真理而友好地商讨，各抒己见，以求圆满地解决共同关心的问题；debate:意见等对立的双方之间正式或公开的争辩；argue:指提出理由或证据为自己或自己一方的看法或立场辩护，着重说理、论证和企图说服。2MiJTy0dTTdoll n.C a childs toy in the shape of a person, esp. a baby or a child.玩偶，洋娃娃: a rag dollgIiSpiue7Aeternal adj.without an end, or existing o

17、r continuing for ever不朽的，永久的: She is an eternal optimist.uEh0U1Yfmh常用短语eternal life永生；eternal love永恒的爱；eternal happiness永恒的幸福IAg9qLsgBX词形变换 eternally adv. 永恒地，永久地。 eternity n. 永恒，不朽典型考题The _cycle of life and death is a subject of interest to scientists and philosophers alike.WwghWvVhPEA. eternal B.

18、external C. internal D. interior试卷详解 答案为A.句意：生与死永无休止的循环是科学家和哲学家们感兴趣的话题。eternal永恒的，永不停息的，强调在时间上无始无终。external意为“外部的”；internal意为“内部的”；interior是名词，意为“内部”。asfpsfpi4kexemplaryadj. providing a good example for people to copy典范的，可做榜样的: Her behavior was exemplary.ooeyYZTjj1fatigue n.Ugreat tiredness。 exhaust

19、ion 疲劳，疲乏，劳累：Driver fatigue was to blame for the accident.BkeGuInkxI词义辨析 exhausted, weary, tired exhausted:very tired 筋疲力尽；weary: very doing something for a long time (尤指长时间工作后 疲劳的；tired: feeling that you would like to sleep, rest 疲倦的 PgdO0sRlMoferocity f n. Uviolence。 fierce or aggressive behavior

20、凶猛，凶恶，残忍：The police were shocked by the ferocity of the attack.3cdXwckm15flag v. (flagged，flagging I to become tired, weaker or less enthusiastic 疲乏，变弱：Her confidence never flagged. h8c52WOngM补充意义 n. C a square or oblong piece of material usually with a pattern or picture on it that is put up as sig

21、n of a country, organization or to make a signal 旗帜，旗 ：All the flags were at half mast. v4bdyGious常用短语 keep the flag flying 坚持到底，不屈服；show the flag 显示军事力量J0bm4qMpJ9formidable f adj. causing fear and inspiring respect 令人敬畏的：She has a formidable list of qualification. XVauA9grYPfuneral n. burial of cre

22、mation of dead person with the usual held ceremonies 葬礼：The funeral will be held at St. Martins church.bR9C6TJscwgiblets n. edible organs (heart, liver of a bird that can be used as food 内脏，杂碎pN9LBDdtrdglare v. Ito stare angrily and fiercely at sb. 怒目而视：I looked at her and she glared furiously back.

23、DJ8T7nHuGT补充意义 1.v. to shine with a very strong bright light which hurts your eyes 发出刺眼的光：The sun glared through the car windscreen. 2. n. C a hard unpleasant effect given by a strong light刺眼的强光: the glare of the sun. QF81D7bvUA典型考题 Children should be taught not to _ the disabled people.4B7a9QFw9hA.

24、 stare at Bglance atC. gaze at D. glare at试卷详解 答案为A. glance at 匆匆地瞥一下强调“匆匆”和“瞥”的短）；glare at 怒视强调情绪是怒）；stare at 盯着看，凝视；gaze at 盯住因为对某人或某物感兴趣或是某人或某物很有吸引力）。ix6iFA8xoXgravy n.U a brown sauce made by adding flour to the juices that come out of meat while it is cooking not clear because haze 朦胧的，薄雾蒙蒙的：The

25、 mountains were hazy in the distance.远处的山峦在薄雾中若隐若现。Kp5zH46zRkhurl h v. T+adv./prep. to throw sth./sb. violently in a particular direction 猛扔，猛投，猛投：He hurled a brick through the window.Yl4HdOAA61典型考题 He _a brick through the window.A. cast B. hurled C. put D. tossed试卷详解 答案为B. 句意：他用力地把砖块掷进窗里。 cast v. 投

26、，掷；指抛较轻的东西，用力小，但速度快。如：The fisherman cast his net into the water. put v. 推，掷，指用全身力量猛推某物，主要用于体育方面。 hurl v. 用力投掷：指猛烈地或用力地抛出一件东西。toss v. 投，掷，用于轻的物体，表示随意地轻轻地一抛。例如：Please toss me the matches. 请把火柴扔给我。ch4PJx4BlIill-informed adj. having or showing little knowledge of sth. 了解不够的，信息不足的：The public is ill-infor

27、med about their legal rights.qd3YfhxCzoinconceivable adj. in-不）+ conceivable相信的） impossible to imagine or believe 难以想象的，无法相信的： It is inconceivable that the minister was not aware of the problem. E836L11DO5interrogator n. a person who questions sb. closely or aggressively for a long time询问者，质问者 S42ehLvE3Mlining n.C a layer of material used to cover the inside surface of sth. 衬层，内衬，里衬501nNvZFis常用短语 silver lining：a comforting or more hopeful side to a sad or difficult situation 困难中看到的一点慰藉,光明jW1viftGw9mushmouth n. slang a pe