不锈钢GBT.docx

1、不锈钢GBT不锈钢（GB/T1220-1992）（1）牌号和化学成分见表1。表1不锈钢的牌号和化学成分牌号化学成分（质量分数）（%）CSiMn-NiCrM0其他奥氏体型1Cr17Mn6-Ni5N118-N1Cr18Mn8-Ni5N1619-N1Cr18Mn10-Ni5Mo3N1126191Cr17Ni712818-1Cr18Ni911019-Y1Cr18Ni9119-Y1Cr18Ni9Se1219-SeOCr18Ni9121119-00Cr19Ni1O121220-OCr19Ni9N1220-OCr19Ni10-NbN1220Nb00Cr18Ni10N1219-1Cr18Ni12121319-

2、OCr23NNi13121524-OCr25Ni20122226-OCr17Ni-12M0212143-1Cr18Ni12-M02T121419Ti5(C%OCr18Ni12-M02Ti121419Ti5xC%00Cr17Ni-14M0212183-OCr17Ni12-M02N121418300Cr17Ni13-Mo2N123OCr18Ni12-M02Cu2121900Cr18Ni14-M02Cu21216190Cr19Ni13M031215204-00Cr19-Ni13M031215204-1Cr18Ni12-M03Ti121419Ti5(C%0Cr18Ni-12M03Ti121419Ti5

3、C%OCr18Ni-16M051217196-1Cr18Ni9Ti121119-Ti5(C%OCr18-Ni1OTi1212-Ti5C%OCr18Ni11Nb1219-Nb10C%OCr18Ni9Cu31219-0Cr18Ni13Si4521520-奥氏体-铁素体型0Cr26Ni5Mo2162831Cr18Ni11-Si4A1Ti412-铁素体型OCr13A11-00Cr121113-1Cr17118-Y1Cr1718-1Cr17M0118-00Cr30M02-32N00Cr27M0-N马氏体型1Cr12113-1Cr1311沉淀硬化型115Ocr17Ni7A1118Cu0Cr15Ni7-M0

4、2A111163可加入不大于%钼。必要时，可添加上表以外的合金元素。允许含有不大于%镍。可以加入不大于%钼。00Cr30M02和00Cr27M0允许有不大于%镍，不大于%铜，但镍+铜不大于%，必要时，可添加表列以外的合金元素。除专用外，一般不推荐使用。（2）力学性能见表2表5。表2经固溶处理的奥氏体和奥氏体、铁素体钢的力学性能牌号固溶处理/拉伸试验硬度试验b5（%）（%）布氏硬度HBS洛氏硬度HRB维氏硬度HV-MPa奥氏体型1Cr17Mn6Ni5N10101120快冷27552040452411002531Cr18Mn8Ni5N10101120快冷2755204045207952181Cr1

5、8Mn10Ni5M03N11001150快冷3456804565-1Cr17Ni710101150快冷2055204060187902001Cr18Ni910101150快冷205520406018790200Y1Cr18Ni91O101150快冷205520405018790200Y1Cr18Ni9Se10101150快冷205520405018790200OCr18Ni910101150快冷20552040601879020000Cr19Ni1010101150快冷1774804060187902000Cr19Ni9N10101150快冷2755503550217952200Cr19Ni1

6、0NbN10101150快冷345685355025010026000Cr18Ni10N10101150快冷2455504050217952201Cr18Ni121O101150快冷17748040601s7902000Cr23Ni131O101150快冷2055204060187902000Cr25Ni2010101180快冷2055204050187902000Cr17Ni12Mo210101150快冷2055204060187902001Cr18Ni12M02Ti101O1100快冷205530405518790200OCr18Ni2M02Ti10101100快冷205530405518

7、79020000Cr17Ni14M02101O1150快冷177480406018790200OCr17Ni12M02N101O1150快冷27555035502179522000Cr17Ni13M02N1O1O1150快冷245550405021795220OCr18Ni12M02Cu21O101150快冷20552040601879020000Cr18Ni14M02Cu2101O1150快冷1774004060187902000Cr19Ni13M0310101150快冷20552040601879020000Cr19Ni13Mo310101150快冷1774804060187902001C

8、r18Ni12M03Ti10001100快冷205530405518790200OCr18Ni12M03Ti10001100快冷205530405518790200OCr18Ni16M05j0301180快冷1774804045187902001Cr18Ni9Ti9201150快冷205520405018790200OCr18Ni1OTi9201150快冷205520405018790200OCr18Ni11Nb9801150快冷2065204050187902000Cr18Ni9Cu31O101150快冷177480406018790200OCr18Ni12Si41O101150快冷2055

9、20406020795218奥氏体铁素体型0Cr26Ni5M029501100快冷3905901840277292921Cr18Ni11Si4A1Ti9301050快冷4407152540-00Cr18Ni5M03Si29201150快冷3905902040-30300注：1对于OCr18Ni10Ti、OCr18Ni11Nb、1Cr18Ni9Ti、0Cr18Ni12M02T1、OCr18Ni-12M03Ti和1Cr18Ni12M03Ti根据需方要求可进行稳定化处理，此时的热处理温度为850930，但必须在合同中注明。21Cr18Ni9Ti与Ocr18Ni10Ti、1Cr18Nili12M02T

10、i与0Cr18Ni12M02Ti、1Cr18Ni-12M03Ti与OCr18Ni12M03Ti牌号，力学性能指标一致，需方可根据耐腐蚀性能的差别来选用。31Cr18Ni11Si4AITi的冲击试验札值不小于63J。表3经退火的铁素体钢的力学性能牌号退火处理/拉伸试验冲击试验硬度试验b5（%）（%）AK/J布氏硬度HBSMPa0Cr13A1780830空冷或缓冷17741020607818300Cr12700820空冷或缓冷1962652260-1831Cr17780850空冷或缓冷2054502250-183Y1Cr17680820空冷或缓冷2054502250-1831Cr17Mo78085

11、0空冷或缓冷2054502260-18300Cr30Mo29001050快冷2954502045-22800Cr27Mo9001050快冷2454102045-219表4经退火或淬火回火的马氏体钢的力学性能牌号热处理/退火后的布氏硬度HBS经淬回火的力学性能拉伸试验冲击试验AK/J布氏硬度HBS退火淬火回火b5（%）（%）MPa1Cr12800900缓冷或约750快冷9501000油冷700750快冷20039055025551181701Cr13800900缓冷或约750快冷9501000油冷700750快冷200345540255578159OCr13800900缓冷或约750快冷9501

12、000油冷700750冷1833454902460-YICr13800900缓冷或约750快冷9501000油冷700750快冷2003455402555781591Cr13Mo830900缓冷或约750快冷9701020油冷650750快冷2004906852060781922Cr13800900缓冷或约750快冷920980油冷600750快冷2234406352050631923Cr13800900缓冷或约750快冷920980油冷600750快冷235540735124024217Y3Cr13800900缓冷或约750快冷920980油冷600750快冷2355407351240242

13、173Cr13Mo800900缓冷或约750快冷10251075油冷200300油、水、空冷207-HRC504Cr13800900缓冷或约750快冷10501100油冷200300空冷201-HRC501Cr17Ni2680700高温回火空冷9501050空冷275350空冷285-108010-39-7Cr17880920缓冷10101070油冷100180空冷255-HRC548Cr17880920缓冷10101070油冷100180快冷255-HRC569Cr18800920缓冷10001050油冷200300油、空冷255-HRC5511Cr17800920缓冷10101070油冷1

14、00180快冷269-HRC58Y11Cr17800920缓冷10101070油冷100180快冷269-HRC589Cr18Mo800900缓冷10001050油冷200300空冷269-HRC559Cr18MoV800920缓冷10501075油冷100200空冷269-HRC55表5经热处理的沉淀硬化型钢的力学性能牌号热处理/拉伸试验硬度试验种类条件b5（%）（%）布氏硬度HBS洛氏硬度HRCMPa0Cr17Ni4-Cu4Nb固溶10201060快冷-36338480时效经固溶处理后/470490空冷1801310104037540550时效经固溶处理后/540560空冷00010601

15、24533135580时效经固溶处理后/570590空冷8651000134530231620时效经固溶处理后/610630空冷7259301650277280Cr17Ni7A1固溶10001100快冷380103020-229-565时效9601140525363-565时效1030123041O388-OCr15Ni7M02A1固溶10001100快冷-269-565时效11001210725375-510时效12101320620388-经固溶处理后，于（76015）保持90min，在1h内冷却到1以上，保持30min再加热到（56510），保持90min空冷。经固溶处理后，（955l0

16、）保持10min，空冷到室温，在24h内冷却到（-7360），保持8h，再加热到（51010）保持60min后空冷。（3）用途见表6。表6不锈钢的特性和应用类型序号牌号特性和应用奥氏体型11Cr17Mn6Ni5N节镍钢种/代替牌号1Cr17Ni7/冷加工后具有磁性。铁道车辆用21Cr18Mn3NiSN节镍钢种/代替牌号1Cr18Ni931Cr18Mn10Ni5M03N对尿素有良好的耐蚀性/可制造尿素腐蚀的设备41Cr17Ni7经冷加工有高的强度/铁道车辆/传送带螺栓螺母用51Cr18Ni9经冷加工有高的强度/但伸长率比1Cr17Ni7稍差。建筑用装饰部件6Y1Cr18Ni9提高切削性/耐烧蚀性

17、/最适用于自动车床。螺栓螺母7Y1Cr18Ni9Se提高切削性/耐烧蚀性。最适用于自动车床。铆钉、螺钉80Cr18Ni9作为不锈耐热钢使用最广泛/如食品用设备/一般化工设备/原子能工业用设备900Cr19Ni10比0Cr19Ni9碳含量更低的钢/耐晶问腐蚀性优越/为焊接后不进行热处理部件类1O0Cr19Ni9N在牌号0Cr19Ni9上加N/强度提高/塑性不降低。使材料的厚度减少。作为结构用高强度部件110Cr19Ni10NbN在牌号0Cr19Ni9上加N和Nb具有与0Cr19Ni9相同的特性和用途1200Cr18Ni10N在牌号00Cr19Ni10上添加N/具有以上牌号同样特性/用途与0Cr1

18、9Ni9N相同/但耐晶间腐蚀性更好131Cr18Ni12与0Cr19Ni9相比/加工硬化性低。旋压加工/特殊拉拔/冷镦用140Cr23Ni13耐腐蚀性/耐热性均比0Cr19Ni9好150Cr25Ni20抗氧化性比0Cr23Ni13好/实际上多作为耐热钢使用160Cr17Ni12M02在海水和其他各种介质中/耐腐蚀性比0Cr19Ni9好/主要作耐点蚀材料奥氏体型171Cr18Ni12M02Ti用于抵抗硫酸、磷酸、蚁酸、醋酸的设备/有良好耐晶间腐蚀性180Cr18Ni12M02Ti用于抵抗硫酸、磷酸、蚁酸、醋酸的设备/有良好耐晶间腐蚀性1900Cr17Ni14M02为0Cr17Ni12M02的超低

19、碳钢/比0Cr17Ni12M02耐晶问腐蚀性好200Cr17Ni12M02N在牌号0Cr17Ni12Mo2中加入N/提高强度/不降低塑性/使材料的厚度减薄。作耐腐蚀性较好的强度较高的部件2100Cr17Ni13M02N在牌号00Cr17Ni14M02中加入N/具有以上牌号同样特性/用途与0Cr17Ni12M02N相司/但耐晶间腐蚀性更好。220Cr18Ni12M02Cu2耐腐蚀性、耐点腐蚀性比0Cr17Ni12M02好/用于耐硫酸材料2300Cr18Ni14M02Cu2为0Cr18Ni12M02Cu2的超低碳钢/比0Cr18Ni12M02Cu2的耐晶间腐蚀性好240Cr19Ni13M03耐点腐

20、蚀性比0Cr17Ni12M02好/作染色设备材料等奥氏体型2500Cr19Ni13M03为0Cr19Ni13M03的超低碳钢/比0Cr19Ni13M03耐晶间腐蚀性好261Cr18Ni12M03Ti用于抵抗硫酸、磷酸、蚁酸、醋酸的设备/有良好耐晶间腐蚀性270Cr18Ni12M03Ti用于抵抗硫酸、磷酸、蚁酸、醋酸的设备/有良好耐晶间腐蚀性280Cr18Ni16M05吸取含氯离子溶液的热交换器/醋酸设备/磷酸设备/漂白装置等/在00Cr17Ni14M02和O0Cr19Ni13M03不能适用的环境中使用291Cr18Ni9Ti作焊芯、抗磁仪表、医疗器械、耐酸容器及设备衬里输送管道等设备和零件300Cr18Ni10Ti添加Ti提高耐晶问腐蚀性/不推荐作装饰部件310Cr18Ni11Nb含Nb提高耐晶间腐蚀性320Cr18Ni9Cu3在牌号0Cr19Ni9中加入Cu/提高冷加工性的钢种。冷