帅建林版国际贸易实务课后练习问题详解双语.docx

1、帅建林版国际贸易实务课后练习问题详解双语Chapter 1IYES，Please refer to the 1st paragraph of the text.II流动性过剩自给自足经济资源直接投资国际收支易货交易出口退税倾销出口型经济增长东道国贸易差额贸易顺差贸易逆差欧盟国际收支顺差国际收支逆差有形贸易无形贸易货物贸易服务贸易excess liquidityself-sufficienteconomic resourcesdirect investmentbalance of paymentsbarterexport tax rebatedumpingexport-driven econom

2、ic growthhost countrybalance of tradefavorable/unfavorable balance of tradeEuropean Unionfavorable/unfavorable balance of paymentsvisible tradeinvisible tradetrade in goodstrade in servicesIII The chart above shows the U.S. imports from China, U.S. exports to China and the trade balance. The U.S. ha

3、s a negative trade balance with China, and it has been growing. During the period from 1997 to 2003, imports from China have grown 244% while exports to China have grown 221%, indicating that the trade deficit is increasing. There had already been a sizeable trade balance deficit with China in 1996,

4、 totaling $ 39.5 billion at the end of the year.IV1. Export goods are tangible goods sent out of countries.2. Trade in services are international earnings other than those derived from the exporting and importing of tangible goods.3. Import goods are tangible goods brought in.4. International trade

5、is all business transactions that involve two or more countries.5. FDI is one that gives the investor a controlling interest in a foreign company.6. Investment is used primarily as financial means for a company to earn more money on its money with relative safety.V1. International trade is the fair

6、and deliberate exchange of goods and/or services across national boundaries. It concerns trade operations of both import and export and includes the purchase and sale of both visible and invisible goods.2. In todays complex economic world, neither individuals nor nations are self-sufficient. Nations

7、 participate in the international trade for many reasons. As to the economic reasons, no nation has all of the economic resources (land, labor and capital) that it needs to develop its economy and culture, and no country enjoys a particular item sufficient enough to meet its needs. As for the prefer

8、ence reasons, international trade takes place because of innovation of style. Besides, every nation can specialize in a certain field and enjoy a comparative advantage in some particular area in terms of trade so that they need to do business with each other to make use of resources more efficiently

9、 and effectively.3. In measuring the effectiveness of global trade, nations carefully follow two key indicators, namely, balance of trade and balance of payments.4. FDI, the abbreviation form Foreign Direct Investment, means buying of permanent property and business in foreign nations. It occurs whe

10、n acquisition of equity interest in a foreign company is trade. The great significance of FDI for China might be that: FDI solve the problem of capital shortage for China so that China may spend the money on importing advanced equipment and technologies for its infrastructure, national supporting in

11、dustry, key projects, etc.Chapter 2I关税壁垒非关税壁垒从量税配额保护性关税市场失灵幼稚产业许可证制度财政关税政府采购贸易保护主义从价税最低限价本地采购规则增加内需Domestic contentRed-tape barriersExport subsidiesBinding quotaAbsolute quotasVERTariff-rate quotasZero quotaBuy local rulesTariff barriersnon-tariff barriersspecific dutiesquotaprotective tariffmarket

12、failureinfant industrylicensing systemRevenue tariffgovernment procurementtrade protectionismAd Valorem Dutiesfloor pricebuy local rulesraise domestic demand国内含量进口环节壁垒出口补贴绑定配额绝对配额自愿出口限制关税配额零配额本地采购原则II1. Protectionism means the deliberate use or encouragement of restrictions on imports to enable rela

13、tively inefficient domestic producers to compete successfully with foreign producers.保护主义是指蓄意使用或鼓励进口限制，以此使本国相对效率低的产品能成功地和外国产品竞争。.2. If the Russians release their stocks of fin into the world market, the price of the metal will sink through the floor.一旦俄罗斯人将其持有的锡矿股票投放于国际市场之中，那么该市场中金属的价格会跌破最低限价。3. Pro

14、tective tariff means a duty or tax imposed on imported products for the purpose of making them more expensive in comparison to domestic producers, thereby giving the domestic products a price advantage.保护性关税表示对进口产品征收的关税，旨在让它们相比起本国商品更贵，从向使得本国商品具有价格优势。4. Types of tariffs include ad valorem, specific,

15、variable, or compound. In the United States, the imposition of tariffs is made on imported goods only. Tariffs raise the prices of imported goods, thus making them less competitive within the market of the importing country. After seven Rounds” of General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade trade negotia

16、tions that focused heavily on tariff reductions, tariffs are less important measures of protection than they used to be.关税的种类包括从价税，从量税，可变税与复合税。在美国，只对进口商品征税。关税抬高了进口货物的价格，从而使得它们在进口国商品市场竞争优势下降。继关税及贸易总协定七个回合主要关于降低税价的贸易协定之后，税收所起的保护作用日趋下降。III1. Tariff is a duty collected by customs of a government on impo

17、rts and/or exports.2. A revenue tariff can be some of the incomes of a government, but it must be taken under control.3. To export goods at an unreasonably low price is taken as dumping which might be fought against by government of the importing country.4. A tariff may be assessed on a per unit bas

18、is, in which case it is known as a specific duty. It also may be assessed as a percentage of the value of the item, in which case it is known as an ad valorem duty.5. Import tariffs primarily serve as a means of raising the price of the import goods so that competitively produced domestic goods will

19、 gain a relative price advantage.Chapter 3 IAPEC Asia-pacific Economic Co-operationFTAAP Free Trade Agreement of Asia and the PacificEUEuropean UnionNAFTA North American Free Trade AgreementMERCOSUR Mercado Comun del Cono Sur / SouthernCommon MarketASEAN Association of Southeast Asian NationsEFTAEur

20、opean Free Trade AreaAFTA ASEAN Free Trade AreaPTAsPreferential Trade agreementsIITrade bloc贸易集团Trade block 贸易禁运/ 封锁Open regionalism开放式区域主义Free trade area 自由贸易区Customs union关税联盟Common market共同市场Economic union经济联盟Trade embargoes贸易禁运Boycotts抵制歧视性关税discriminatory tariffs经济制裁economic sanction贸易弹性trade e

21、lasticity双边贸易协定bilateral trade agreement最惠国most favored nationChapter 4 IGATT General Agreement on Tariffs And TradeHOD Heads of DelegationsTRIPs Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property RightsGATS General Agreement on Trade in ServicesTRIMs Trade Related Investment MeasuresMFN Most Favored Na

22、tionsII施惠国 Patronage nations受惠国 Favored nations缔约国 Contracting Parties市场准入 market access透明度 transparency紧急进口措施 Urgent Importing Measures争端解决机制 dispute settlement mechanism可持续发展 sustainable development特许经营 franchiseIII1. Until now WTO has already had 150 members and its trade volume covers 90% of the

23、 total trade volume in the whole world.2. Topmost of WTO is the Ministerial Conference which has to meet at least once every two years. Under the Ministerial Conference is the General Council that has to meet at Geneva regularly.3. The WTO Secretariat, which offices only in Geneva, Swizerland, has a

24、round 550 regular stuff and is headed by a Director-General. Since decisions are made by Members only, the Secretariat has no decision-making powers as the other international institutions.4. The Secretariat provides some form of legal assistance in the dispute settlement process and advises governm

25、ents wishing to become Members of the WTO.Chapter 5I FOB班轮条件清关FOB吊钩下交货平舱多式联运船舷内陆水运理舱卸货费投保CFR卸至岸上(含着陆费)班轮单据买卖CFR舱底交货CFR班轮条件象征性交货FOB liner termcustoms clearanceFOB Under Tackletrimmultimodal transportshipboardmarine navigation on inland waterwaystowdischarge expensecover insuranceCFR Landedlinerdocume

26、ntary salesCFR Ex-ships HoldCFR liner termssymbolic deliveryII1. Under CFR, buyers should effect insurance.2. Under CIF Ex-Ships Hold, seller should pay the discharge charges.3. Under CIF, the insured amount should be US $ 22 000 if the contracted price is US $20000.4. Under CIP, seller has to procu

27、re insurance against the buyers risk of loss of or damage to the goods during the carriage.5. The FAS term requires the seller to clear the goods for export 6. The DEQ term requires the buyer to proceed with the customs clearance for imports and payment of all customs duty.7. Under DDP, the seller m

28、ust pay the costs of customs duties as well as all duties, taxes and other official charges payable upon exportation and importation of the goods.8. Under DDU the seller must give the buyer instant notice of the shipping of the goods as well as any other notice required in order to allow she buyer t

29、o take measure.III1. 该报价为FOB的价格并含5的佣金。2. 在CPT、CIP项下，“承运人”指在货物运输合同中承诺通过铁路、公路、航空、海运、内河水运或多式运输等方式完成货物运输的人。3. 在FCA项下，交货地的选择对货物的装船与卸载责任有影响。如果交货地基于卖方，卖方有装载责任。如果交货地在其它地方，卖方对卸载没有责任。4. 在FOB项下，卖方必须在约定的日期或期限内，在指定的装运港，按照该港习惯方式，将货物交至买方指定的船只上。买方必须自货物在指定的装运港越过船舷之刻起承当货物灭失或损坏的一切风险。Questions Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y

30、 Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N N N N N Y N Y N N N N N N N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N N N N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y VA.1. c; 2. d; 3. a; 4. c; 5. c; 6. c; 7. d; 8. b; 9. d; l0.cB. 1. a; 2. ab; 3. abcdf; 4. abc; 5. aefChapter 6I1. Sales by Sellers/Buyers Sample2. Reference/Duplicate Sample3. Quality Tolerance4. Counter Sample5. More or Less Clauses6. Neutral Packing7, Customs Formality8. Inspection Certificate of Quality9.