江苏省南京中华中学高考英语的阅读理解专项训练附解析.docx

1、江苏省南京中华中学高考英语的阅读理解专项训练附解析江苏省南京中华中学2021年高考英语的阅读理解专项训练附解析一、高考英语阅读理解专项训练1阅读理解 Being forgiving to yourself and others can protect against stress and the harm it does to mental health, according to a new study in the Journal of Health Psychology. Researchers looked at the effects of lifetime stress on a

2、persons mental health, and how more forgiving people got along compared with people who werent so forgiving. To do this, they asked 148 young adults to fill out questionnaires that assessed their levels of lifetime stress, their tendency to forgive and their mental and physical health. No surprise,

3、people with greater exposure to stress had worse mental and physical health. But the researchers also discovered that if people were highly forgiving of both themselves and others, that characteristic alone almost removed the connection between stress and mental illness. Its almost entirely erasedit

4、s zero, says study author Toussaint. If you dont have forgiving tendencies, you feel the immediate effects of stress in a severe way. You dont have anything to cushion you against that stress. How a forgiving personality protects a person from the influence of severe stress is hard to determine. The

5、 researchers infer that people who are more forgiving may adopt better skills to deal with stress, or their reaction to major stressors(压力源)may be slow. Though more research is needed to fully understand the benefits of being more forgiving, Toussaint believes100that forgiveness can be learned. His

6、own previous research has shown that saying a short prayer on forgiveness can help people take the edge off. I think most people want to feel good and forgiveness offers you the opportunity to do that, he says. （1）The researchers got the effect of forgiving by_. A.analyzing questionnairesB.doing sci

7、entific experimentC.writing research papersD.communicating with 148 adults（2）What can we infer from the passage? A.Forgiving tendencies can deal with all mental problems.B.It remains unknown why forgiveness helps to reduce stress.C.Toussaints study has fully discovered the benefits of being forgivin

8、g.D.Saying a short prayer on forgiveness is the key to getting rid of stress.（3）What does the underlined phrase take the edge off in the last paragraph probably mean? A.Look ahead.B.Become relaxed.C.Make up their mind.D.Stick to their goals.（4）What may be the best title for the passage? A.A new stud

9、y on physical healthB.Forgiving yourself makes you feel goodC.Forgiveness is good for mental healthD.Getting rid of stress is good for your health【答案】 （1）A（2）B（3）B（4）C 【解析】【分析】研究发现拥有一颗宽容的心，能减少焦虑和压力，让人心理健康。 （1）细节理解题。根据文章第二段的To do this, they asked 148 young adults to fill out questionnaires that asses

10、sed their levels of lifetime stress，可知，为了弄明白真相，研究人员让148个人填写了问卷调查，即他们是通过研究问卷调查来得出宽容的影响，故选A项。 （2）推理判断题。根据文章第五段的How a forgiving personality protects a person from the influence of severe stress is hard to determine. 可知目前很难确定宽容是如何防止人们不受严重压力的伤害，故推断宽容可以减少压力的原因是未知的，故选B项。 （3）词义猜测题。根据画线部分下文的I think most peop

11、le want to feel good and forgiveness offers you the opportunity to do that可知宽容能让人感觉良好，故推测画线部分所在句子意思是：说一个和宽容相关的祷言能让人感觉良好。故划线部分的意思和感觉良好接近，故选B项。 （4）主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一段为主题段，根据文章第一段的Being forgiving to yourself and others can protect against stress and the harm it does to mental health,可知本文主要讲述宽容对精神健康有好处，故选C

12、项。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题和主旨大意题，细节理解题要注意从文中寻找答案；推理判断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；词义猜测题，要联系上下文，猜测划线词在题中的含义；主旨大意题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。 2阅读理解 During your four years in the college, youll have many exciting choices to make, the first of which will be your course selection for your first semester. The beau

13、ty of this choice is that you cant go wrong! No matter which one of our First-Year Options you select to apply for, you will create a rich intellectual experience to begin your college career. Option 1: Liberal Arts Seminar The Liberal Arts Seminar is a multidisciplinary(多学科的)course that explores th

14、e cultural history of the Mediterranean through fictional and nonfictional books.Fall schedule: When Registration opens, you will select between one and four additional courses to complete your schedule. Option 2: FLL Hager Scholars Program The FLL Hager Scholars Program is designed with our most am

15、bitious students of languages and linguistics in mind, and is designed to create for them both a sense of community and opportunities for intellectual growth. Fall schedule: When Registration opens, you will select between one and three additional courses to complete your schedule. Option 3: Ignatiu

16、s Seminars Offered only in the first semester, Ignatius Seminars introduce students to the depth and diversity of Georgetowns dynamic intellectual community. Fall schedule: When Registration opens, you will select three or four additional courses to complete your schedule. Option 4: Traditional Firs

17、t-Year Academic Program With this program, youll take your first step into the colleges rich and varied core courses and explore your fields of interest in free optional coursework. Fall schedule: When Registration opens, you will build a schedule of four or five additional courses from the full col

18、lege curriculum.（1）How do students learn the cultural history of the Mediterranean? A.By completing the schedule.B.By writing fictional books.C.By selecting l or 4 courses.D.By reading materials of this area.（2）Which program is suitable for a student interested in languages? A.Option 1.B.Option 2.C.

19、Option 3.D.Option 4.（3）Whats a possible reason for choosing Option 4? A.It is designed for language learners.B.It provides various courses for free.C.It introduces you to areas of interest.D.It is only offered in the first semester.【答案】 （1）D（2）B（3）C 【解析】【分析】本文是是一篇说明文，在大学的四年里，你会有很多令人兴奋的选择，第一个是你第一学期的课

20、程选择。这个选择的美妙之处在于你不会出错！无论你选择申请哪一个，你都将为你的大学生涯创造一个丰富的智力体验。作者介绍了大学生对课程的四种选择。 （1）考查细节理解。根据Option 1:Liberal Arts Seminar部分中的“The Liberal Arts Seminar is a multidisciplinary（多学科的）course that explores the cultural history of the Mediterranean through fictional and nonfictional books. ”人文学科研讨会是一门多学科课程，通过虚构和非虚

21、构的书籍探索地中海的文化历史，可知，学生通过虚构和非虚构的书籍探索地中海的文化历史。由此可知，学生是通过阅读该地区的资料来学习地中海的文化历史的。故选D。 （2）考查细节理解。根据Option 2:FLL Hager Scholars Program部分中的“The FLL Hager Scholars Program is designed with our most ambitious students of languages and linguistics in mind, and is designed to create for them both a sense of commu

22、nity and opportunities for intellectual growth.”FLL Hager Scholars Program的设计初衷是为我们最具雄心的语言和语言学学生服务，旨在为他们创造一种社区感和智力成长的机会，可知，Option 2的设计初衷是为我们最具雄心的语言和语言学学生服务。可知，对语言感兴趣的学生可以选择Option 2:FLL Hager Scholars Program。故选B。 （3）考查推理判断。根据Option 4: Traditional First-Year Academic Program部分中的“With this program, yo

23、ull take your first step into the colleges rich and varied core courses and explore your fields of interest in free optional coursework.”有了这个项目，你将迈出你的第一步，进入大学丰富多样的核心课程，在自由选修课程中探索你感兴趣的领域。可知，Option 4在自由选修课程中探索你感兴趣的领域。可推知，Option 4能把你领进你感兴趣的领域，这应该是学生选择Option 4的原因。故选C。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读

24、，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 Camper Lunch Program We are pleased to offer the Camper Lunch Program for full-day campers or campers participating in both morning and afternoon half-day camps. Lunch at the Overlake School At the Overlake School in Redmond, you can sign up for lunch at the

25、 time of registration. Lunch is provided by the school cafeteria including a hot main dish and a salad bar option. Limited diet restrictions can be accommodated in advance. All orders or cancellations must be made by 4:00 pm on Wednesday. $ 40 for 5-day camp week $ 32 for 4-day camp week Lunch at Vi

26、ew Seattle Two weeks before your camp start date, you will receive a link in your confirmation email to choose your preference between the regular and vegetarian(素的)lunch menus. Besides, camper with allergies or sensitivities are encouraged to bring their own lunch. $ 40 for 5-day camp week $ 38 for

27、 4-day camp week Lunch at St. Thomas School At St. Thomas School, lunch and snacks are provided by SAGE Dining. Lunch includes a hot main dish, a salad bar and sandwich options. Campers also receive two snacks per day. $ 50 for 5-day camp week $45 for 4-day camp week Lunch at Pacific Science Center

28、At Pacific Science Center, you can sign up at the time of registration. Lunch is provided by our very own Pacific Science Center Cafe. Every day, standard and vegetarian lunch menus are available and come with a water bottle and two snacks. All orders or cancellations must be made by 4:00 pm on Wedn

29、esday. $ 45 for 5-day camp week $ 36 for 4-day camp week（1）Which program can a camper with a budget of $ 35 choose? A.Lunch at the Overlake School.B.Lunch at View Seattle.C.Lunch at St. Thomas School.D.Lunch at Pacific Science Center.（2）What are campers for Lunch at View Seattle required to do? A.St

30、ay far away from anything with allergies.B.Choose their lunch preferences in advance.C.Avoid bringing their own lunch for any reason.D.Send emails to offer advice on improving lunch.（3）What do the last two programs have in common? A.They receive registrations only on Wednesday.B.They encourage campe

31、rs to bring some snacks.C.They are mainly intended for vegetarian campers.D.They provide campers with two snacks each day.【答案】 （1）A（2）B（3）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，向露营者介绍了一些午餐项目的相关信息。 （1）考查细节理解。对比四个项目的价格可知,预算是35美元的露营者只能选择Lunch at the Overlake School这个项目。故选A。 （2）考查细节理解。根据 Lunch at ViewSeattle 部分中的 “Two weeks be