化学能与热能 导学案.docx

1、化学能与热能 导学案单元检测卷(五)第卷第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AEveryone has got two personalitiesthe one that is shown to the world and the other that is secret and real.You dont show your secret personality when youre awake because you can control your behaviour，bu

2、t when youre asleep，your sleeping position shows the real you.In a normal night，of course，people frequently change their position.The important position is the one that you go to sleep in.If you go to sleep on your back，youre a very open person.You normally trust people and you are easily influenced

3、 by fashion or new ideas.You dont like to upset people，so you never express your real feelings.Youre quite shy and you arent very confident.If you sleep on your stomach，you are a rather secretive person.You worry a lot and youre always easily upset.Youre very stubborn，but you arent very ambitious.Yo

4、u usually live for today not for tomorrow.This means that you enjoy having a good time.If you sleep curled up(卷曲)，you are probably a very nervous person.You have a low opinion of yourself and so youre often defensive.Youre shy and you dont normally like meeting people.You prefer to be on your own.Yo

5、ure easily hurt.If you sleep on your side，you have usually got a wellbalanced personality.You know your strengths and weaknesses.Youre usually careful.You have a confident personality.You sometimes feel anxious，but you dont often get depressed.You always say what you think even if it annoys people.1

6、According to the writer，you naturally show your secret and real personality .Aonly in a normal nightBonly when you go to sleepConly when you refuse to show yourself to the worldDonly when you change sleeping position答案B解析细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“The important position is the one that you go to sleep in.”可知选B

7、项。2Which is NOT mentioned in the second paragraph about a persons personality?AHe or she is always open with others.BHe or she always likes new ideas earlier than others.CHe or she is always easily upset.DHe or she tends to believe in others.答案C解析细节理解题。第二段第三句中的“You dont like to upset people.”跟C项有区别。

8、3Which of the following shows the personality of a person sleeping on his stomach?AHe or she is careful not to offend others.BHe or she doesnt want to stick to his or her opinion.CHe or she cant be successful in any business.DHe or she likes to bring others happiness.答案C解析推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“Youre very s

9、tubborn，but you arent very ambitious.”可知这种人抱负心小，故选C项。4It appears that the writer tends to think highly of the person who sleeps on one side because .Ahe or she always shows sympathy for peopleBhe or she is confident，but not stubbornChe or she has more strengths than weaknessesDhe or she often consid

10、ers annoying people答案B解析推理判断题。根据第五段，此种人心理素质好，清楚地知道自己的优缺点，坚持正确的主张而不固执。BWhen a Swedish ship that sank in 1628 was recovered from the port of Stockholm，historians and scientists were overjoyed with the chance to examine the remains of the past.The ship construction showed how ships were built and opera

11、ted during the seventeenth century.In this way，artifacts，objects made by human beings，provided a picture of daily life almost 400 years ago.Underwater archaeologythe study of ships，aircraft and human settlements that have sunk under large bodies of wateris really a product of the last 50 years.The r

12、apid growth of this new area of study has occurred because of the invention of better diving equipment.Besides the Swedish ship wreck(残骸)，underwater archaeologists have made more exciting discoveries such as the 5,000yearold boats in the Mediterranean Sea.Underwater archaeology can provide facts abo

13、ut the past.In ancient ports all over the world are ships sunken in the past 6,000 years.There are also sunken settlements in seas and lakes telling of peoples way of life and their systems of trade in ancient times.Underwater archaeologists want to study these objects to add to the worlds knowledge

14、 of history，but they have to fight two enemies.One enemy is treasure hunters who dive for ancient artifacts that they can sell to collectors.Once sold，these objects are lost to experts.The second enemy is dredging machines(挖掘机) often used to repair ports.These machines destroy wrecks and artifacts o

15、r bury them deeper under sand and mud.By teaching the public about the importance of underwater “museums” of the past，archaeologists are hoping to get support for laws to protect underwater treasures.5What purpose does Paragraph 1 serve in the passage?ATo provide background information of the topic.

16、BTo attract readers attention to the topic.CTo use an example to support the topic.DTo offer basic knowledge of the topic.答案B解析推理判断题。本文以在海底发现一艘沉船开篇，其目的就是引起读者的兴趣。6The aim of underwater archaeology is to .Aexploit water bodiesBsearch for underwater lifeCstudy underwater artifactsDexamine underwater en

17、vironment答案C解析细节理解题。从最后一段可知，水下考古的目的是研究在很久以前被淹没在水下的一些物品，进而研究当时的历史情况。7Underwater archaeologists are worried because .Asea hunters have better diving equipmentBtheir knowledge of world history is limitedCdredging machines cause damage to the portsDsold artifacts can hardly be regained for research答案D解析

18、细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Once sold，these objects are lost to experts.”得出答案。8What is the main purpose of the passage?ATo introduce a young branch of learning.BTo discuss the scientists problems.CTo explain peoples way of life in the past.DTo describe the sunken ships.答案A解析写作意图题。本文阐述研究领域的最新分支水下考古。CFor me，my gre

19、at moment came when I actually decided to accept an opportunity to teach English in Shanghai.There were times when I almost gave up because of fear.But in the end I came here.Last summer，a CanadianChinese woman who teaches in Shanghai just happened to come to the place where I was working in the Sea

20、ttle area.We talked and I said I had always wanted to teach abroad.She said，“Come to our school.”“Okay，” I replied，but I wasnt sure if I meant it.We met later for coffee.She answered all of my questions about the school，and gave me the website address and the email address of the person to contact.I

21、t took six months for me to finally decide on the job.First of all，in Shanghai there are many western places to eat western food and lots of interesting things to do.Also，there is a great subway system with directions and stops posted in English.Finding your way around is a challenge in a new place.

22、But that isnt hard here.Taxis are very cheap；you can always jump in one and get home.There are also a lot of westerners in Shanghai，so it is fairly easy to ask for directions.Young Chinese people are much more likely to speak English and they are wonderfully helpful.I earn almost 1,000 per month and

23、 live in a nice rentfree apartment.My biggest expense has been food as I am a vegetarian(素食者)and also on a diet.I still have not got used to the traditional Chinese food，but if you like it，youll be in heaven.Here I have a good place to live in，new friends，a high salary，and a good job.In the US，getti

24、ng a job at my age has been next to impossible for a woman.9We can infer that at first the writer .Awasnt interested in teaching abroad at allBwasnt sure whether to accept the job to teach in ShanghaiCknew she would be popular as a teacher in ChinaDthought the CanadianChinese woman was joking答案B解析推理

25、判断题。根据第一段第二句“There were times when I almost gave up because of fear.”以及第三段最后一句“It took six months for me to finally decide on the job.”可知一开始，作者不是很确定是否要去上海教学。10According to the passage，it seems that .Athere are no good restaurants for the writer in ShanghaiBthe writer sometimes feels lonely in Shangh

26、aiCthe writer doesnt like traveling in ShanghaiDthe writer likes her life in Shanghai答案D解析推理判断题。作者在第四段描述了在上海生活的便利，故可推断她很喜欢在上海的生活。11What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 4 refer to?ALiving in a new place.BDealing with a challenge.CFinding your way around.DTaking a taxi.答案C解析推理判断题。根据第四段第三句

27、“Finding your way around is a challenge in a new place.”以及转折的语境可知，画线词指代的是前面“找路”一事。12We can infer the writer most probably .Aspends lots of money each monthBlived alone when she was in the United StatesChad a very good job before she left her countryDfeels happy to have made the decision to teach in

28、Shanghai答案D解析推理判断题。根据末段的内容可知作者在上海工作给她带来了很多好处，而如果在美国，她这个年纪不一定能找到工作，故可推断她很高兴自己做了这个来上海工作的决定。DMost people would say that they want to lead a healthier life.In fact，to become healthier you have to be willing to make changes to your daily life，and stick with them.Even small changes in your diet and fitnes

29、s plan will not only keep you healthy，but make you see a big difference in how you look and feel.Diet alone is not enough for you to become healthier.Exercise is also a very important part.You need to have a regular exercise that will help you burn the calories.There are several choices of regular e

30、xercise.Joining a fitness club is a good way to ensure that you have a place to go，which will allow you to have good teachers to help you and exercise classes you can attend.Aerobics(有氧运动) is an excellent way to get a good workout.Aerobic classes offer a fun atmosphere of music and exercise.Walking

31、daily is a good form of exercise but to benefit from it you need keep a steady pace and walk often.You can even exercise in the comfort of your own home.There are many great exercise videos that will give you a great workout and that will be great guides for you to find the right exercise for your b

32、ody type.Including your family in your decision to live a healthier life is a good idea.Since you will be changing your diet and adding a fitness plan，you will need their support.If you have support from others，especially your family，your plan will work wonders.When you adjust(调整) your diet，your families diet will probably be adjusted，too