anatqs.docx

1、anatqsQ: A common football injury caused by clipping from the lateral side will damage what structures (3 answers)?A: -Medial collateral ligamentA: -Medial meniscusA: -Anterior cruciate ligamentQ: A lumbar puncture is performed at what landmark/A: Iliac crestQ: A positive anterior drawer sign indica

2、tes damage to what structure?A: Anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)Q: A pudendal nerve block is performed at what landmark?A: Ischial spineQ: Abnormal passive abduction of the knee indicates damage to what structure?A: Medial collateral ligament(MCL)Q: Anterior in ACL refers to what attachment?A: Tibial

3、Q: At what level is a lumbar puncture performed?A: Between L3-L4 or L4-L5Q: Common peroneal nerve damage manifests what deficit?A: Loss of dorsiflexion(Foot Drop)Q: Common peroneal, Tibial, Femoral, and Obturator nerves arise from what spinal cord segments (4 answers)?A: -L4-S2 (common peroneal)A: -

4、L4-S3 (tibial)A: -L2-L4 (femoral) and (obturator)Q: Coronary artery occlusion usually occurs where?A: Left anterior descending artery (LAD)Q: Do the coronary arteries fill during systole or diastole?A: DiastoleQ: Erection and sensation of the penis is in what dermatomes?A: S2-S4Q: Femoral nerve dama

5、ge manifests what deficit?A: Loss of knee jerkQ: How does the course of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve differ from that of the right?A: The left wraps around the arch of the aorta and the ligamentum arteriosum while the right wraps around the subclavian artery.Q: How is the appendix located?A: 2

6、/3 of the way from the umbilicus to the anterior superior iliac spineQ: How many lobes are in the right and left lungs and what are their names?A: -Right has three (superior,middle,inferior) A: -Left has two (superior and inferior) and the lingulaQ: Name five portal-systemic anastomoses.A: 1.Left ga

7、stric-azygous vv.A: 2.Superior-Middle/Inferior rectal vv.A: 3.Paraumbilical-inferior epigastricA: 4.Retroperitoneal-renal vv.A: 5.Retroperitoneal-paravertebral vv.Q: Name the 4 ligaments of the uterus.A: -Suspensory ligament of ovariesA: -Transverse cervical (cardinal) ligamentA: -Round ligament of

8、uterusA: -Broad ligamentQ: Name the hypothenar muscles.A: -Opponens digiti minimiA: -Abductor digiti minimiA: -Flexor digiti minimiQ: Name the retroperitoneal structures (9).A: 1.Duodenum(2nd-4th parts)A: 2.Descending colonA: 3.Ascending colonA: 4.Kidney & uretersA: 5.PancreasA: 6.AortaA: 7.Inferior

9、 vena cavaA: 8.Adrenal glandsA: 9.RectumQ: Name the rotator cuff muscles.A: -SupraspinatusA: -InfraspinatusA: -teres minorA: -SubscapularisQ: Name the thenar musclesA: -Opponens pollicisA: -Abductor pollicis brevisA: -Flexor pollicis brevisQ: Obturator nerve damage manifests what deficit?A: Loss of

10、hip adductionQ: Pain from the diaphragm is usually referred where?A: ShoulderQ: Subarachnoid space extends to what spinal level?A: S2Q: The area of the body that contains the appendix is known as what?A: McBurneys pointQ: The femoral triangle contains what structures from lateral to medial?A: -Femor

11、al nerveA: -Femoral arteryA: -Femoral veinA: -Femoral Canal (lymphatics)Q: The inguinal ligament exists in what dermatome?A: L1 Q: The kneecaps exist in what dermatome?A: L4Q: The male sexual response of ejaculation is mediated by what part of the nervous system?A: Visceral and somatic nervesQ: The

12、male sexual response of emission is mediated by what part of the nervous system?A: Sympathetic nervous systemQ: The male sexual response of erection is mediated by what part of the nervous system?A: Parasympathetic nervous systemQ: The nipple exists in what dermatome?A: T4Q: The recurrent laryngeal

13、nerve arises from what cranial nerve and supplies what muscles?A: 1.CN XA: 2.All intrinsic muscles of the larynx except the cricothyroid muscle.Q: The SA and AV nodes are usually supplied by what artery?A: Right Coronary Artery (RCA)Q: The spinal cord ends at what level in adults?A: L1-L2Q: The umbi

14、licus exists in what dermatome?A: T10Q: The xiphoid process exists in what dermatome?A: T7Q: Tibial nerve damage manifests what deficit?A: Loss of plantar flexionQ: What are hernias?A: Protrusions of peritoneum through an opening, usually sites of weakness.Q: What are JG cells?A: Modified smooth mus

15、cle of afferent arteriole in the juxtaglomerular apparatus of the kidneyQ: What are the boundaries of the inguinal (Hesselbach) triangle?A: -Inferior epigastric arteryA: -Lateral border of the rectus abdominusA: -Inguinal ligamentQ: What are the layers encountered from the outsided down to the brain

16、?A: -SkinA: -Connective tissueA: -AponeurosisA: -Loose connective tissueA: -PericraniumA: -Dura materA: -Subdural spaceA: -ArachnoidA: -Subarachnoid spaceA: -Pia materA: -BrainQ: What are the manifestations of portal hypertension?A: -Esophageal varicesA: -HemorrhoidsA: -Caput medusaeQ: What conditio

17、n is usually associated with portal hypertension?A: Alcoholic cirrhosisQ: What defect may predispose an infant for a diaphragmatic hernia?A: Defective development of the pleuroperitoneal membraneQ: What gut regions and structures does the celiac artery supply?A: 1.ForegutA: 2.-Stomach to duodenumA:

18、-liverA: -gallbladderA: -pancreasQ: What gut regions and structures does the IMA supply?A: 1.HindgutA: 2.-Distal 1/3 of transverse colon to upper portion of rectumQ: What gut regions and structures does the SMA supply?A: 1.MidgutA: 2.-Duodenum to proximal 2/3 of transverse colonQ: What is a diaphrag

19、matic hernia?A: Abdominal retroperitoneal structures enter the thoraxQ: What is a femoral hernia?A: entrance of abdominal contents through the femoral canal.Q: What is a hiatal hernia?A: Stomach contents herniate upward through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragmQ: What is the arterial blood supp

20、ly difference above and below the pectinate line?A: -Superior rectal a. (Above)A: -Inferior rectal a. (Below)Q: What is the course of a direct inguinal hernia?A: Through weak abdominal wall, into the inguinal triangle, medial to the inferior epigastric artery, through the external inguinal ring only

21、.Q: What is the course of an indirect inguinal hernia?A: Through the internal (deep) inguinal ring and the external (superficial) inguinal ring lateral to the inferior epigastric artery and into the scrotumQ: What is the course of the ureters?A: Pass under uterine artery and under the ductus deferen

22、sQ: What is the function of Myenteric plexus? Submucosal plexus?A: 1.Coordinates motility along entire gut wallA: 2.Regulates local secretions, blood flow, and absorptionQ: What is the function of the JG cells?A: -secrete renin and erythropoietinQ: What is the innervation difference above and below

23、the pectinate line?A: -Visceral innervation (Above)A: -Somatic innervation (Below)Q: What is the innervation of the diaphram?A: Phrenic nerve (C3,4,5)Q: What is the macula densa?A: Sodium sensor in part of the distal convoluted distal tubule in the juxtaglomerular apparatus of the kidneyQ: What is t

24、he Myenteric plexus also known as? Submucosal plexus?A: 1. Auerbachs plexusA: 2. Meissners plexusQ: What is the pectinate line of the rectum?A: Where the hindgut meets ectoderm in the rectumQ: What is the relationship of the two pulmonary arteries in the lung hilus?A: Right anteriorA: Left superiorQ

25、: What is the usual pathology above the pectinate line of the rectum?A: Internal hemorrhoids (not painful)A: AdenocarcinomaQ: What is the usual pathology below the pectinate line of the rectum?A: External hemorrhoids (painful)A: Squamous cell carcinomaQ: What is the venous drainage difference above

26、and below the pectinate line?A: -Superior rectal v. to IMV to portal system (Above)A: -Inferior rectal v. to internal pudendal v. to internal iliac v. to IVC (Below)Q: What layers of the gut wall contribute to motility (4)?A: -Muscularis mucosaeA: -Inner circular muscle layerA: -Myenteric plexusA: -

27、Outer longitudinal muscle layerQ: What layers of the gut wall contribute to support (3)?A: -SerosaA: -Lamina propriaA: -SubmucosaQ: What muscle opens the jaw?A: Lateral pterygoidQ: What nerve innervates most of the glossus muscles and which is the exception?A: 1.Vagus Nerve (CNX)A: 2.Palatoglossus (

28、innervated by hypoglossal n.)Q: What nerve innervates most of the palat muscles and which is the exception?A: 1.Trigeminal Nerve, Mandibular branchA: 2.Tensor veli palatini (innervated by vagus n)Q: What nerve innervates the muscles that close and open the jaw?A: Trigeminal Nerve (V3)Q: What neurons

29、 do the GI enteric plexus contain?A: Cell bodies of parasympathetic terminal effector neuronsQ: What part of the heart does the LAD supply?A: anterior interventricular septumQ: What spinal cord levels are vertebral disk herniation most likely to occur?A: Between L5 and S1Q: What structure is in the

30、femoral triangle but not in the femoral sheath?A: -Femoral nerve Q: What structures are in the carotid sheath?A: 1.Internal Jugular Vein (lateral)A: -2.Common Carotid Artery (medial)A: -3.Vagus Nerve (posterior)Q: What structures are pierced when doing an LP?A: 1.Skin/superficial fasciaA: 2.Ligaments(supraspinatous,interspinous,ligamentum flavum)A: 3.Epidural spaceA: 4.Dura materA: 5.Subdural spaceA: 6.ArachnoidA: 7.Subarachnoid space-CSFQ: What structures do the broad ligament contain (4)?A: -Round ligaments of the uterusA: -OvariesA: -Uterine tubulesA: -Uterine vesselsQ: What