英语易混词汇讲与练.docx

1、英语易混词汇讲与练英语易混词汇讲与练1althoughthough (1) 一般情况下，两者可换用(although多用于句首)。 (2) 所引导的让步状语从句放在主句前从句中用部分倒装时，用though(=as)。 (3) 只能说as though(=as if); even though(even if)。 (4) though可用作副词,放在句末或句中表示“然而”“不过”，although不可。 (1)_ they tried hard, they didnt finish the work on time. (2) They didnt stop to have a rest_they

2、 were tired. (3) He speaks English as _he were an Englishman. (4) Even _he didnt tell me anything about it. I know the whole thing. (5) _Child he is, he knows a lot about computers. (6) He said he would help me with my English; he didnt_， . 2too muchmuch too too much后接不可数名词(如果接可数名词用too many)，还可单独使用，

3、用作代词或副词(作宾语或状语)。 much too不可单独使用，后面要接形容词或其他副词可修饰动词。 (1) The car is _expensive for a common family in China. (2) You drank_ last night. (3) You eat _sugar every day. Its bad to your health. (4) Its _hot today. (5) What you said is _for the girl. 3holidayvacationleaveoff (1) Christmas is a _for everybo

4、dy (2) The children will take their summer _in half a month. (3) The manager is on _.(4) The headmaster gave me a day_. (5) I have to ask you for half a days _.4allow / permit/let/make allow和permit在许多情况下可以换用，只是词义的强弱有些差别：allow侧重于“听任 默许 不加阻止”；permit强调“正式认可” “批准”的意思。Let属普通用语；make是“使”。在使用中还要注意以下几点： (1)

5、可以说allowpermit sbto do不可以说allowpermit sbdoing。 (2) 可以说allowpermit doing不可以说allowpermit to do。 （3）可以说let sb. do sth. 不可以说 let sb. to do sth. （4）可以说make sb. do sth.不可以说make sb. to do sth. 但要说：Sb. is made to do sth. 1. Students are not allowed _(enter)the net-bar. 2. Children are not permitted _(watch)

6、this play. 3. Do you allow_(smoke)in the office? 4. Please let me_(introduce)myself. 5. What make you_(think)I am a farmer? 6. The children are made_(do)a lot of homework every day. 7. That teacher often _too much noise in the classroom. 8. Schools do not _smoking. 9. He was angry with me and didnt

7、_me into the room. 5throughacross across(横过、穿过)着重指从一条线或一物体表面的一边到另一边。含义与on有关。 through(穿过，从通过)着重指空间的一头纵穿到另一头。含义与in有关。 (1)A train is running _the tunnel. (2)Dont run _the street while the traffic light is red. (3)There is a shop _the road. (4)I dont think he will live _the night. 6be made frombe made o

8、fbe made inbe made intobe made up of be made offrom意为“由.制成”。用以制造的原材料已改变，在制成品中看不出原材料，用from；原料未改变，在制成品中仍看得出原材料，用of。 be made in指产地，意为“在.制造，由.制造”。 be made into意为“将.制成”。与以上短语不同，它的主语为原材料。 be made up of指“由.组成”。 1. This kind of books is made _ a kind of paper which is made _bamboo. 2. The necklace made_glas

9、s instead of diamond is made _GuangZhou. 3. What can this piece of wood made_? 4. The club is made_twenty members. 5. These table are made_ our factory. They were made_ wood. 6. Wood can be made_ tables and other furniture. 7. China is made _56 nations. 7by bikeon a bikein a bus by，in，on用于交通工具时用法如下：

10、 表示旅行方式，不涉及交通工具时用by。如：by air，by water，by sea，by land(road)。 泛指交通工具时用by，表交通工具的名词前不用冠词，不用复数词尾。如：by plane，by bus，by boat，by train。 交通工具前有冠词或物主代词等修饰词时，用in或on如:on a red bike，onin a bustrainship。 交通工具前有起始或到达时间时，也可用by。如：byon，the 11：00 train。 “骑马，骑骆驼，步行”均用on。如：。on horseback，on a horse，On the camel，On foot。

11、1.I usually go to school_bus,but this morning I went_my brothers bike. 2.I went there_the No.6 bus but came back_my friends car. 8no one/none (1) no one用来指人，不能接“短语，当它作主语时，谓语动词用单数 (2) none不仅指人也可指物,其后常接of短语,构成none of+名词/代词结构,当名词或代词为复数时,谓语动词用单复数均可. (3) 回答how manyhow much引起的问句用none;回答who引起的问句用no one. (1

12、)_ likes a person with bad manners. (2) _of his friends came to help him. (3) Almost _believes him. (4) _of them has/have seen the film.(5)-How much coal is left? -_ . (6) -Who entered the room? - _. (7) How many students are there in the classroom? - _. 9wear / dress / put on / have on / in / be dr

13、ess in / pull on / with (1) 强调动作 sb. dress sboneself ；sbput on(衣服、鞋、帽等) ；sbpull on(衣服、鞋、帽等) (2) 强调状态 sb. wear(衣服、鞋、帽、手套、眼镜、头发、胡须等。还可接颜色)； sbhave on(衣服、鞋、帽、手套等) ；sbbe in(颜色、衣服)； sbbe dressed in(颜色、衣服) (3)其他用法pull on表示不经心地、随随便便或匆匆忙忙地穿上戴上。 wear可用于进行时，有时可用wearing作状语或定语 have on不可用于进行时，也不可用现在分词作状语或定语 in除了

14、同be连用作表语外，还可单独作定语。 dress还可用作不及物动词，指“日常的穿着”。 with只能接眼镜、手套等，用作定语。 (1) She got up late, so she _her clothes and went to school in a hurry. (2)She is _a new skirt today. She looks more beautiful. (3)He is going out. He is _an overcoat. (4)The nurses are all _in white. (5) She _her son and sent him to sc

15、hool. Then she _herself in a coat and went to work. She always _well. (6)When a person is born, he/she _nothing When he/she dies, he/she carries nothing.(7)When did you get the shoes you _yesterday? (8)She likes to _black (clothes). (9)The girl _red is our monitor. (10) The woman teacher _glasses En

16、glish teacher. 10agree onagree withagree to agree on表示在某一点上达成协议或取得一致意见 agree with表示同意、赞成某人说的话，后接sb或wh-从句,或表达意见,想法,观点,决定的词(opinion, view, idea, decision)还可以表示与.一致,适合; 此时主语一般不是表示人的词. agree to后接计划、安排、建议、条件等词(plan, arrangement, suggestion, terms).agree to do。表示“同意做某事”。 (1) I_ what he said. (2) After a f

17、urther discussion, both sides _the date for the next meeting. (3) They didnt _each other on that point. (4) A verb should _its subject in number and person. (5) At last the teacher _give him another chance. (6) Do you _the arrangement? (7) They all _the matter. 11spendcosttakepay (1) sb. spend some

18、timemoney on sth或sbspend some time/money on sth.或sb. spend some time/money/(in)doing sth (2) sth. cost sb. some money/time/life/health (3) It takes sbsome time to do sth或sb. take some time to do sth或 sth take sb some time to do (4) sb. pay (sb.)some money (for)sth. (1) It _him three years to write t

19、he book. (= He _three years to write the book. The book _him three years to write. = He _three years writing the book. ) (2) Every year he _a lot of money on books/in buying books. (3) This dictionary _me 100 yuan. (4) Making experiment like that _much time and labour. (5) Careless driving may _you

20、your life. (6) They have decided to _70 000 yuan for the newly built house. (7) Well _you in a few days, when I have money. 12a number ofthe number of a number of的意思是“一些：许多”，相当于many，用于修饰可数名词。它所修饰的名词作主语时，中心词是复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。 the number of的意思是“.的数量；号码”。当它与后面的名词连用时，中心词是the number。如果用作主语，即使后面的名词是复数，谓语也要用

21、单数。 (1)Do you know _my telephone? (2)_ trees planted in our village is never under 200 every year. (3)We have lived here for _years. (4) _jobless people grows in the country at present. (5) _students are playing football on the playground. (6) _students in our class is over 70. 13soundnoisevoice (1)

22、 sound指各种听得见的声音，这种声音可以是悦耳的，也可以是不悦耳的。 (2) noise指各种“噪音；响声；喧闹声”。 (3) voice指人的说话声、歌声或笑声，也可以指鸟鸣声，还可以用于比喻。 (1) I heard a strange _in the next room. (2)She listened to the low_, sad of the sea. (3) The manager must be in the next room. I heard his_ . (4)Dont make such a _. (5) The_ from that factory makes

23、it difficult for me to go to sleep. (6)_ travels fast, but light travels faster. (7)The baby cried at top of his _.14as many asas much as as many as意为“多达，之多”，常用在人或物的具体数量前，结构为：as many as+数词+复数名词。as much as常用在“雨量、水量、时间量、重量、钱数、价格”等方面，表示“总量”和“单位量”的大小，结构为：as much as十数词+复数名词。 比较:.倍数+as many+复数名词+as；倍数+as

24、much+不可数名词+as。 (1) _250 000 people lost their homes in the earth quake. (2)The rain is plentiful here, often _seventy inches every year. (3) At the job, she could earn _eighty dollars a week. (4)The civil war in that country lasted _16 years. 15prepareprepare forget(be)ready (1) get/be ready意为“准备好”，

25、强调准备的结果。常见结构有：get ready(for sth)get sth. Ready be ready(for sth)be ready to do(准备干某事，乐于干某事) (2) prepare意为“准备”，强调准备的动作与过程。宾语是这一动作的承受者。其后也可接双宾语，还可接不定式。 (3) prepare for意为“为.做准备”，for的宾语不是动作的承受者，而是表示准备的目的，即所要应付的情况。 prepare常见结构如下： prepare sth准备某物(事)； prepare sthfor sth为做准备 prepare to do sth准备做某事 prepare f

26、or sth. 为某事做准备 prepare sbfor sth. 使某人对某事有思想准备 be prepared for sth准备好应付某事 (1) Mother was busy _lunch in the kitchen when I got home. (2)The doctor told the nurses to _the operation at once. (3) We _to do anything for the people. (4)Will you help me _the party? (5) Please _by seven o clock tomorrow mo

27、rning. (6)The teacher is _the exam. (7)The students are _the exam. (8)Will you _her for the bad news that is coming? 16discoverinventfind discover指“发现”原本存在而未为人所知的东西。discover还作发现(某种情况)”讲，后面可以接名词、代词、复合宾语、宾语从句；invent指“发明”原本不存在的东西；find指“找到”原本丢失的东西。 (1)Electricity wasnt _by Edison, but he _the electric l

28、ight. (2) Have you _the bike you lost last week? (3) We _her to a good doctor. (4)This kind of machine was _many years ago. 17completefinishend (1)词义方面：finish是一般用语，常用于完成日常活动，有时指“吃完”；complete是较正式的用语；常用于完成预定的任务、工程、建设等，有时含有“使.变得完整起来”的意思；end是指“结束”或“终止”某项活动，不强调该活动是否圆满完成。 (2)结构方面：finish后接名词、代词或动词ing形式；complete后接名词或代词；end后接名词或介词短语。 (3)词性方面：finish和end还可用作不及物动词，complete不可，但是complete可以用作形容词，意为“完整的，全部的”，用作表语或定语。finished可以用作表语或定语。 (1)This term will _