数词的基本构成及其用法.docx

1、数词的基本构成及其用法数词的基本构成及其用法数词的基本构成(一)基数词从1数到N1.112的基数词是独立的单词。即：one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight， nine，ten，eleven，twelve.2.1319的基数词以-teen结尾。如：fourteen，seventeen等，但13，15，18较特殊：13thirteen15fifteen18eighteen.3.2090的整十位均以-ty结尾。如：sixty，ninety，但20，30，40，50，80较特殊：20twenty，30thirty，40forty ，50fifty ，80eigh

2、ty.4.十位数与个位数之间要加连字符号“-”。如：28twenty-eight，96ninety-six.5.百位和十位(若无十位则和个位)之间加and.如：148one hundred and forty-eight ，406four hundred and six.6.hundred(百)，thousand(千)，million(百万)，billion(十亿)等前面即使有具体的数词，也不能在它们的后面加s.如：600：six hundred，800万：eight million.7.1000以上的数字，从后往前数每三位加一个逗号“，”第一个逗号前为千(thousand)，第二个逗号前为百

3、万(million)，第三个逗号前为billion(十亿)。英语中无“万”这个词，我们可以用“几十个千(thousand)”表示几万，“几百个千(thousand)”表示“几十万”。如：2，510：two thousand five hundred and ten；84，296：eighty-four thousand two hundred and ninety-six；274，350：two hundred and seventy-four thousand three hundred and fifty.8.hundred，thousand，million用复数形式修饰名词时要用“of复

4、数名词”。如：数以百计的年轻人hundreds of young people；数以千计的书thousands of books.注意：hundreds of thousands ofmillions of 复数名词，其前面不能加具体的数词，但可加several或many.如：Hundreds of new buildings have sprung up here this year.Thousands upon thousands of people in South Africa are rising against their oppressors.Thousands and thou

5、sands of people come to visItthe city every day.Millions of dollars have gone into the building of this factory.(二)序数词由基数词转变而来，表示“这是第N个”1.口诀巧记基数词变序数词：一、二、三，特殊记，八去“t”，九去“e”，“ve”要用“f”替，“y”变成“i”和“e”，词尾加上“th”，若是遇到几十几，只变个位就可以。”第一、第二、第三分别：first，second，third，eighteighth nineninth，fivefifth，twelvetwelfth，tw

6、entytwentieth，fortyfortieth，twenty-fivetwenty-fifth.2.其余情况均在基数词后加th。如：sixsixth,nineteennineteenth ,hundred hundredth,thousandthousandth等。3.序数词有时用缩写形式：first-1st,twentysecond-22th.数词的基本用法(一)基数词的基本用法1.定语Fifty thousand London dockers are out on strike.2.主语：数词作主语，谓语动词用单数。如：Two months is quite a long time

7、.Five is an odd number.3.宾语或介词宾语How many do you want?-Eight, please.The city has a population of four million.4.表语We are altogether fourteen.Five plus seven is twelve.5.同位语What work are you to assign us three?Is there room for us two?6.基数词单数名词形容词构成合成形容词。如：一个五岁的男孩a five-year-old boy；一座800米长的桥an 800-m

8、etre-long bridge；女子400米接力girls400-metre relay race.7.句型：主语is about(大约) overmore than(超过)nearly(接近)具体数词metre(s)kilometre(s)kilo(s)long high tall deep away等。如：长江长6300公里。The Changjiang River is 6，300 kilometres long.8.表示“十”的数词的复数形式可以用来表示人的岁数或年代：He is in his early thirties.He died still in his forties.T

9、his took place in the 1930s.(二)序数词的基本用法1.序数词主要用作定语，前面一般要加定冠词(或物主代词)：Tom is their second son.They celebrated the 10th anniversary of the founding of the republic.I will never give up, not even on the 1,000th or 10,000th try.2.有时前面可以加一个不定冠词来表示“再一”， “又一”这样的意思：Well have to do it a second time.Shall I as

10、k him a third time?When I sat down, a fourth man rose to speak.3.First,second等有时可用来表示“第一个人(批)”“第二个人”等：She was among the first to come and settle in Dujiashan.You will be the second to speak.4.如果数字较长，序数词总避免使用，而且读的方法也常常简化：第201房间：Room 201第319面：page 319第一拖拉机厂：the Number I Tractor Works第六号车厢：Carriage No.

11、6南京路1490号：1490 Nanjing Road电话号码552347：telephone number : 5523475.在谈编了号的东西时，我们可以用基数词表示顺序：the first part-part onethe third squad-squad threethe twenty-third section-section twenty-three数词练习题：一、单项选择1. Twodied of cold last winter.A. hundreds old peopleB. hundred old peopleC. hundreds old peoplesD. hundr

12、ed old peoples2. -Whats the date today?-.A. Its FridayB. Its hotC. Its July 3rdD. Is a holiday3._ of the trees in the garden are apple trees.A. Two thirdB. Two thirdsC. Second thirdD. Second thirds4. The hero of the story is an artist in his.A. thirtiethB. thirtyC. thirtysD. thirties5. Shortly after

13、 the accident, twopolice were sent to the spot to keep Order.A. dozen ofB. dozensC. dozenD. dozens of6. Theparagraphs are very important.A. one thirdB. first oneC. first threeD. one three7. China s population is aboutof the worlds population.A. the quarterB. one- fourC. a quarterD. one- fourths8. Th

14、esaw great pro gress in scie nce and tec hnology in China.A.1990B.1990sC.1990D.1990s9. Beiing islargest city in China.A. the secondB. a secondC. secondD. the two10. Are there seats for us？A. thethirdB. threeC. thirdD. the three11. At a rough estimate, Nigeria isGreat Britain.A. three times the size asB. the size three times ofC. three times as the size ofD. three times the size of12. What a table！Ive never seen such a thing before. It isit is long.A. half not as wide asB. wide not as half asC. not half as wide asD. as wide as not half13. John is the tallest boy in the class,_ according to hi