交通环境天气词汇.docx

1、交通环境天气词汇高速铁路 high-speed rail动车 bullet train公交专用车道 bus lane长安街“整修” face-lift轻轨列车 light rail train隧桥 tunnel-bridge舟山连岛工程 Zhoushan Island-Land Project（机动车）单双号限行 odd-and-even license plate rule低噪音地铁 low-noise subway电子不停车收费 Electronic Toll Collection早高峰 morning peak晚高峰 evening peak交通拥堵 traffic jam交通管制 tr

2、affic control无车日 car-free day实名购票 ID-based ticket booking system零容忍 zero tolerance交通高峰期 rush hour公共交通线路网 public transport network尾号限行 traffic restrictions based on the last digit of license plate numbers防风林 wind breaks防沙林 sand breaks速生林 fast-growing trees降低资源消耗率 slow down the rate of resource degrad

3、ation开发可再生资源 develop renewable resources环保产品 environment-friendly products美化环境 landscaping design for environmental purposes环境恶化 environmental degradation京都议定书Kyoto Protocol大功率电器 high-power electrical appliance一次性筷子 disposable chopstick污水治理 sewage treatment可再生能源 renewable energy绿色“生物燃料” biofuel绿领工人

4、green-collar worker碳减排 carbon emission reduction碳浓度 carbon intensity绿色信贷 Green Credit碳税 carbon tax碳足迹 carbon footprint碳减排 carbon emission reduction全球变暖 global warming馏出燃料 distillate fuel地热 ground-source heat液化天然气 liquefied natural gas可燃冰 flammable ice碳排放与交易 Cap and trade自然保护区 nature reserve生态旅游 ecot

5、ourism全面禁烟 carpet smoking ban再生水 recycled water可再生能源 renewable energy酸雨、越境空气污染 acid rain and transboundary air pollution工业粉尘排放 industrial dust discharge烟尘排放 soot emissions矿物燃料（煤、石油、天然气） fossil fuels: coal, oil, and natural gas清洁能源 clean energy汽车尾气排放 motor vehicle exhaust尾气净化器 exhaust purifier无铅汽油 le

6、ad-free gasoline天然气汽车 gas-fueled vehicles电动汽车 cell-driven vehicles; battery cars小排量汽车 small-displacement (engine) vehicles温室效应 greenhouse effect污水治理 sewage treatment可回收的旧报纸 scrap-newspaper无车日 car-free day世界环境日 World Environment Day污染者负担的政策 the-polluters-pay policy环保执法检查 environmental protection law

7、enforcement inspection限期治理 undertake treatment within a prescribed limit of time生态示范区 eco-demonstration region; environment-friendly region白色污染 white pollution (by using and littering of non-degradable white plastics)可降解一次性塑料袋 throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags有机污染物 organic pollutants三废综合利用 multi

8、purpose use of three types of wastes（waste water, waste gas, solid waste）城市垃圾无害化处理率 decontamination rate of urban refuse垃圾填埋场 refuse landfill垃圾焚化厂 refuse incinerator防止过度利用森林 protect forests from overexploitation森林砍伐率 deforestation rate水土流失 water and soil erosion土壤盐碱化 soil alkalization生态农业 environmen

9、t-friendly agriculture; eco-agriculture水资源保护区 water resource conservation zone海水淡化 sea water desalinization造林工程 afforestation project绿化面积 afforested areas; greening space森林覆盖率 forest coverage空气污染浓度 air pollution concentration工业废水处理率 treatment rate of industrial effluents城市污水处理率 treatment rate of dom

10、estic sewage集中处理厂 centralized treatment planthurricane 飓风cyclone 旋风typhoon 台风whirlwind 龙卷风waterspout 海上龙卷风Indian summer 秋老虎extreme weather 极端天气adverse weather condition 恶劣的天气状况desertification 沙漠化sandstorm 沙尘暴air quality rating 空气质量评级visibility 能见度sand and dust weather 沙尘天气forestation 植树造林Three-North

11、 Shelter Forestation Project “三北防护林”工程arid and semi-arid areas 干旱和半干旱地区topsoil 表土层high temperature 高温less rainfall 少雨cold snap 寒潮stormy wind 暴风blizzard 大风雪snowstorm 暴风雪ice rain 冻雨thunderstorm 雷暴fog 浓雾sleet 雨夹雪；雹；冻雨weather modification 人工影响天气artificial precipitation/rainfall enhancement 人工增雨artificia

12、l rainfall infiltration 人工降雨El Nino phenomenon 厄尔尼诺现象La Nina phenomenon 拉尼娜现象hail/hailstone 冰雹frosty 霜冻cold spell 春寒期dry spell 干旱期drought-relief efforts 抗旱drinking water shortage 饮用水缺乏drought region 干旱地区rain spell 雨季precipitation 降雨或降雪量health insurance 医疗保险health care reform 医疗保险改革health coverage 医保

13、覆盖面Medicare 医疗保险制（针对65岁以上老人的老年医保）Medicaid 医疗援助制（以穷人和伤残者为对象的医疗补助制度）Medigap 差额医疗保险（填补联邦医疗保险之不足）pre-existing conditions （投保前已存在的疾病）comprehensive coverage 全险premium 保费deductible 自付扣除金uninsured 没有医疗保险的人under-insured 医保不足的人indemnity plan/fee-for-service 定额理赔制度（美国最初实行的医疗制度）managed care 管理式医疗government-fund

14、ed plans 由政府支持的医保项目Employer-Provided Insurance 由雇主为雇员提供的保险 fomulary （保险）处方药物表hospital-surgical coverage 住院及手术费补偿catastrophic coverage/major medical insurance 重大疾病险specified disease policies 定向疾病险capitation 保险公司每年赔付投保人的总额上限out-of-pocket maximum 投保人每年自付额的上限long-term policies 长期护理险，如用于养老院的开支policy 医保保单coinsurance 分担保险（指的是投保人对于超过自付额以上那部分医疗费要分担一定金额或比例的费用，通常为20%）copayment 分担金额（即投保人为每次就诊支付少量费用，虽然通常不超过10美元，但主要还是为了防止投保人滥用医疗资源）