高考英语真题分类汇编专题17 阅读新题型.docx

1、高考英语真题分类汇编专题17 阅读新题型专题十七 阅读理解之阅读新题型1.【2015北京卷】第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分。共 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出正确的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。This Way to DreamlandDaydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being

2、 unaware of whats happening around them. They can seem forgetful and clumsy._71_They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things. But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history. _72_ Can you imagine what kind of

3、 world we would have without such ideas and inventions?So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?First, understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to sl

4、ip into daydreams._73_ And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while youre daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another taskpreferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings.Its also important to know how to avo

5、id daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate. “Mindfulness”, being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep._74_Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away._75_Always remember that your best ideas might com

6、e when your head is actually in the clouds.A. Having interesting things to think about also helps.B. They stare off into space and wander by themselves.C. Without wandering minds, we wouldnt have relatively, Coke or Post-it notes.D. At one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental i

7、llnesses.E. It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive.F. Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand.G. Therefore, its a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when youre in

8、the daydream zone.【解析】【考点定位】生活类短文阅读【名师点睛】本文是七选五常考的建议类说明文，第1、2自然段为概念的提出及导入，第3段明确了下文的内容：如何在“白日做梦”中趋利避害。文章结构清晰，干扰选项较易排除，整体难度不大，文章的主题“如何培养创新的想法”，除了理解整篇文章及选项外还要注意文章中的副词，代词，逻辑连接词以及特殊概念名词的出现。文章结构清晰，可读性强，提示词明显。因此，日常练习中要侧重以抓住文章结构及段落主旨为主，兼顾辨析选项，尤其是根据核心词排除干扰项的做题技巧。学生需要遵循先易后难的原则，来提高正确率。2.【2015江苏】任务型阅读 (共 10 小题;

9、 每小题 1 分, 满分 10 分) 请阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。 注意: 请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。 每个空格只填一个单词。People select news in expectation of a reward. This reward may be either of two kinds. One is related to what Freud calls the Pleasure Principle, the other to what he calls the Reality Principle. For want of

10、better names, we shall call these two classes immediate reward and delayed reward.In general, the kind of news which may be expected to give immediate reward are news of crime and corruption, accidents and disasters, sports, social events, and human interest. Delayed reward may be expected from news

11、 of public affairs, economic matters, social problems, science, education, and health.News of the first kind pays its rewards at once. A reader can enjoy an indirect experience without any of the dangers or stresses involved. He can tremble wildly at an axe-murder, shake his head sympathetically and

12、 safely at a hurricane, identify himself with the winning team, laugh understandingly at a warm little story of children or dogs.News of the second kind, however, pays its rewards later. It sometimes requires the reader to tolerate unpleasantness or annoyance as, for example, when he reads of the th

13、reatening foreign situation, the mounting national debt, rising taxes, falling market, scarce housing, and cancer. It has a kind of “threat value.” It is read so that the reader may be informed and prepared. When a reader selects delayed reward news, he pulls himself into the world of surrounding re

14、ality to which he can adapt himself only by hard work. When he selects news of the other kind, he usually withdraws from the world of threatening reality toward the dream world.For any individual, of course, the boundaries of these two classes are not stable. For example, a sociologist may read news

15、 of crime as a social problem, rather than for its immediate reward. A coach may read a sports story for its threat value: he may have to play that team next week. A politician may read an account of his latest successful public meeting, not for its delayed reward, but very much as his wife reads an

16、 account of a party. In any given story of corruption or disaster, a thoughtful reader may receive not only the immediate reward of indirect experience, but also the delayed reward of information and preparedness. Therefore, while the division of categories holds in general, an individuals tendency

17、may transfer any story from one kind of reading to another, or divide the experience between the two kinds of reward.What news stories do you read?Division ofnews stories People expect to get (71) from reading news. News stories are roughly divided into two classes. Some news will excite their reade

18、rs instantly while others wont.(72)ofthe two classes News of immediate reward will seemingly take their readers to the very frightening scene without actual (73) . Readers will associate themselves closely with what happens in the news stories and (74)similar feelings with those involved. News of de

19、layed reward will make readers suffer, or present a (75) to them. News of delayed reward will induce the reader to (76)for the reality while news of immediate reward will lead the reader to (77)from the reality.Unstable boundariesof the two classes What readers expect from news stories are largely s

20、haped by their (78) . Serious readers will both get excited over what happens in some news stories and (79) themselves to the reality. Thus, the division, on the whole, (80)on the reader.【答案】71rewards/rewarded72Explanations 73involvement74share75threat76prepare77withdraw78profession(s)/intention79ad

21、apt80depends【解析】试题分析：文章结合弗洛伊德心理学理论，分析了不同人群对新闻报道的接受习惯和反应特征，从新闻类别、读者反应、异类互渗等角度考察了考生在信息检索、内容归纳、语言结构等方面的知识与能力。难度较14年有所下降，重点考查考察信息转换题，涉及词性和词义转换，学生“有据可循”，归纳概括题比例明显下降。71信息查找题。根据“People select news in expectation of a reward. This reward may be either of two kinds.”可知此处填rewards/rewarded“得到回报/被奖励”。72信息归纳题。文章

22、二、三、四段是对“immediate reward（即时回报）”和“delayed reward（迟来的回报）”的解释。73信息转换题。根据第三段第二句“A reader can enjoy an indirect experience without any of the dangers or stresses involved.”可知此处填involvement“参与”。74信息归纳题。根据第三段中“A reader can enjoy an indirect experience without any of the dangers or stresses involved. He ca

23、n tremble wildly at an axe-murder laugh understandingly at a warm little story of children or dogs.”可知读者会将自己和新闻故事中发生的事紧紧联系在一起，和参与者有相似的感受。因此此处填share“同样有”。75信息查找题。根据第四段中“It sometimes requires the reader to tolerate unpleasantness or annoyance as, for example, when he reads of the threatening foreign s

24、ituation, It has a kind of threat value.”可知此处填threat“威胁”。76信息转换题。根据第四段中“It is read so that the reader may be informed and prepared.”可知此处填prepare，与后面的介词for搭配“为做准备”。77信息查找题。根据第四段中“When he selects news of the other kind, he usually withdraws from the world of threatening reality toward the dream world.

25、” 此处填withdraw “退出，离开”。78归纳概括题。根据最后一段中“For example, a sociologist may A coach may A politician may ”可知读者对新闻故事的期待很大程度上受他们职业的影响。此处填profession(s)“职业”/intention“意图，动机”。79信息查找题。根据第四段中“When a reader selects delayed reward news, he pulls himself into the world of surrounding reality to which he can adapt hi

26、mself only by hard work.”可知此处填adapt“使适应”。80归纳概括题。根据最后一段中“while the division of categories holds in general, an individuals tendency may transfer any story from one kind of reading to another, or divide the experience between the two kinds of reward.”可知这一分类取决于读者个体。此处填depends，和后面的介词on搭配“取决于”。【考点定位】任务型

27、阅读。【名师点睛】任务型阅读一般的解题思路可归纳为四步曲，即“审题”“略读”“边细读边解题”“复核”。“审题”，即看清题目及要求，做到有的放矢，心中有数。“略读”，指的是快速阅读、掌握大意。了解阅读材料的文体，作者的观点和态度。“边细读边解题”，指通过细读题目和文章中相关信息完成指定任务。考生应注意表格前的小标题，它通常是段落和表格的主题句，有助于理解文章。理解表格设计，表格一般包括列标题和行标题，通过阅读这些标题和表格里的内容，可迅速了解表格的结构和表格的设计原理，同时也可缩小信息范围，确定考查内容。根据已填的内容来推断所填之词的形式，是单词或词组。填写答案时要注意与已填部分的形式保持一致。

28、同时要注意时态、语态、句式等。“复核”即检查核对初步完成的所要求的任务。注意拼写是否正确以及大小写等。3.【2015广东】信息匹配（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）请阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。首先阅读下列活动介绍：A.B.A Night of Glamor and Intrigue at Shanghai Bund in 1930To celebrate Asia heritage month, Trendy New York is proud to present “Cheongsam Night out-A date with

29、 Cheongsam beauties in Shanghai Bund 1930”.May 16, 9:00 PM-May 17, 12:00 AM. EDT330 West 40th Street, New York. NY 10018Picking Partners-NEW YORKFeaturing adaptations from Chinese and Western classic, including works from Chinese Academy Award-winning composer Tan Dun, the Beijing Guitar Duo teamed

30、up with Cuban guitar virtuoso Manuel Barrueco (right) for a China West Concert at the New York Historical Society on April 23.C.D.Heroes of History: Legacy of My Chinese FamilyJoin us as actress Tina Chen recounts the fascinating story of three generations of her mothers family and their contributio

31、ns to the history of China.Friday, May 8, 6:30PM-7:30PMChina Institute125 East 65th Street, New York, NY 10065Great shorts-NEW YORKA photography exhibition held by HAN Media to celebrate its founding in New York City on April 24, featuring three emerging Chinese photographers; Yingxi Michael Shi, Ha

32、iyin Lin and Liming Guan, whose works have appeared in publications such as Vogue, ELLE, The New York Times and others.E.F.Forbidden delights-NEW YORKThe first session of the China Institute in America short course Beijing: The City Through Its Architecture opens on Wednesday. Nancy S. Steinhardt discusses the Forbidden City and Beijings imperial architecture.Passing on the Kunqu Art: From Ma