课时提能练16.docx

1、课时提能练16课时提能练(十六)必修4Unit 1Women of achievement课时作业A：基础层面.语境语法填空 AA convincing speech 1.was delivered (deliver) by a psychologist at yesterdays conference 2.arguing (argue) about how parenting styles affect childrens 3.behavior(behave). In his opinion, children must be punished when they fail 4.to obs

2、erve (observe) public rules and regulations. If a child behaves well, he deserves to be praised and rewarded then and there. There are many experts 5.supporting (support) his viewpoint, saying that kids wont learn right from wrong if parents dont intend 6.to punish(punish)BThe library door is opened

3、 at 7 pm. and the students come crowding 7.in. When evening falls, many students enter the library to read books 8.in connection with their courses. Some choose to refer 9.to reference books or dictionaries when they come 10.across problems in their studies. Some even carry 11.on their studies in th

4、e library till late into the night. They know success doesnt happen 12.by chance. Only by working hard now can they possibly avoid being looked down 13.upon and lead 14.an easy life in the future.CA man came 15.flying (fly) round the corner and bumped into me. He looked so familiar that I must have

5、seen him somewhere. Suddenly 16.it hit me that he was just the criminal the police had wanted. What should I do? Trying to stop or catch him meant 17.putting (put) my life at risk. Fortunately, two policemen arrived soon and the man was arrested. Only then 18.did I feel my heart beating fast and my

6、legs trembling slightly.语境短文改错 根据P6课文内容，对下面材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。I came across a article about a doctor called Lin Qiaozhi by chance. One of her books explained how to cut the death rate from having and care for babies caught my eye. Then I do some research by raising some

7、 question about her. Further reading made me to realize it was hard work and determined as well as her gentle nature that got her into medical school. And that made her succeed was her kindness and consideration. She often went lately at night to deliver a baby for a poor family. I was excited and w

8、anted to carry her career.答案I came across article about a doctor called Lin Qiaozhi by chance. One of her books how to cut the death rate from having and for babies caught my eye. Then I some research by raising some about her. Further reading made me realize it was hard work and as well as her gent

9、le nature that got her into medical school. And made her succeed was her kindness and consideration. She often went at night to deliver a baby for a poor family. I was excited and wanted to carry her career.根据提示补全句子1一旦你理解了规则，物理就不难学了。(once)Physics is easy to learn once you understand the rules.2在那么重要

10、的考试中他竟然查阅笔记，真是太愚蠢了。(refer to)It was too foolish of him to refer to his notes during that important test.3你把钱花在有价值的事业上是明智的。(worthwhile)It is wise of you to spend the money on a worthwhile career4我忽然想起来忘了锁门了。(hit)It hit me that I had left the door unlocked.5就我看来，只有通过努力学习你才能在学习上取得进步。As far as Im concer

11、ned, only by studying hard will you make progress in your study. (倒装句)As far as Im concerned, it is only by studying hard that you will make progress in your study. (强调句)课时作业B：能力层面.阅读理解A(2019昆明市诊断测试)Whore happier, men or women? Research shows its a complex question and that asking whether males or f

12、emales are happier isnt really that helpful, because basically, happiness is different for women and men.Womens happiness has been declining for the past 30 years, according to recent statistics. And research shows that women are twice as likely to experience depression compared with men. Gender (性别

13、) differences in depression are well confirmed and studies have found that biological, psychological and social factors contribute to the difference.Early studies on gender and happiness found men and women were socialized to express different feelings. Women are more likely to express happiness, wa

14、rmth and fear, which help with social bonding and appear more consistent with the traditional role as a primary caregiver, while men display more anger, pride and disrespect, which are more consistent with a protector and provider role.Recent research suggests that these differences are not just soc

15、ially, but also genetically related. Studies have looked into these findings further and discovered that females use more areas of the brain containing mirror neurons (镜像神经元) than males when they process feelings. Mirror neurons allow us to experience the world from other peoples view, to understand

16、 their actions and intentions. This may explain why women can experience deeper sadness. Women tend to experience more negative feelings, such as more guilt, shame and to a lesser degree, embarrassment.Psychologically it seems men and women differ in the way they process and express feelings. With t

17、he exception of anger, women experience feelings more strongly and share their feelings more openly with others. Studies have found in particular that women express more appreciationwhich has been linked to greater happiness. This supports the theory that womens happiness is more dependent on relati

18、onships than mens.【语篇解读】本文从社会、生理和心理三个方面介绍了男性和女性在幸福感上的差异。1Which feeling are men more likely to show compared with women?AWarmth. BDepression.CHappiness. DDisrespect.D细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的“while men display more anger, pride and disrespect”可知，男性表现更多的是生气、骄傲和无礼，故选D。2What factors cause women to share feeling

19、s more openly?APsychological factors.BBiological factors.CEducational factors.DSocial factors.A细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容可知，本段从心理方面介绍了男性和女性在处理和表达感情方面的不同：与男性相比，女性更加公开地表露自己内心的情感。3One can probably read the text from Aa science fictionBa culture brochureCa nursery guideDa health magazineD推理判断题。根据本文内容可知，本文主要从社会、生理和

20、心理三个方面分析了男性和女性在幸福感上的差异。由此可推知，本文有可能摘自一本健康杂志，故选D项。4What is the text mainly about?AMen and women differ in biology and psychology.BMen and women experience happiness differently.CSocial roles have a great effect on men and women.DWomens happiness has declined in the past years.B主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文从社会、生理和心理

21、三个方面分析了男性和女性在幸福感上的差异，故B项最符合文意。B(2019成都市毕业班摸底测试)As evolution tends to remove waste, how come we evolved such large, energyconsuming brains? The dominant hypothesis(假设)suggests that tough social interactions are the driving force. But our new study done in an unusual way shows that human brain expansi

22、on is likely driven by ecology(生态)Scientists have tested the ecological and social hypotheses before. The common approach is to look at many species and investigate whether large brains are associated with specific problems. For example, do primates or other animals with large brains have a diet tha

23、t is challenging to find but nutritionally rewarding? This would indicate an ecological origin. Or do they live in large groups where they face lots of social problems?While many studies have found such associations, there is a problem. It cannot tell whether large brains evolved to solve the diffic

24、ult problems or whether they evolved for other reasons and then enabled their bearers to deal with the hard problems.To find out the causes of brain expansion, we recreated the scenarios(可能出现的情况) of the two hypotheses using a mathematical model. We found that a combination of ecological and social c

25、hallenges do produce the brain size we see in humans. But it was ecological challenges that expanded brains. In contrast to the dominant view and our own expectation, we found that social challenges contributed by decreasing brain size. But you need both factors to get the brain size we see todayif

26、there were no social challenges our brains would have been even larger but likely poorly suited to social life. Bigger isnt necessarily better.But many animals face hard ecological problems. Why dont they all have large brains? We found that ecological problems only lead to humansized brains when in

27、dividuals can keep learning hard skills as they grow. So our results and those of others suggest that hard ecology and the accumulation of cultural knowledge could act together to produce a humansized brain.Will the human brain expand further? The complexity of the systems involved makes it impossib

28、le to say much with certainty at present.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。科学研究发现，人类大脑的大小是由生态环境和文化知识的积累的共同作用决定的；大脑并非越大越好，如果大脑过大，则人类将无法适应社会交往活动。5In most peoples view, what makes human evolve large brains?ASocial challenges.BSocial and ecological challenges.CEcological challenges.DCompetition with other large animals.A细

29、节理解题。根据第一段第二句“The dominant hypothesis(假设)suggests that tough social interactions are the driving force”并结合第一段内容可知，大部分人认为棘手的社会交往活动是人类大脑进化的动力，故A项正确。6Whats the problem of the common approach?AIts model is not reliable enough.BIt doesnt tell the cause and effect clearly.CIts hypothesis cannot be proved

30、effectively.DIt doesnt find brain size is connected with problems.B细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“It cannot tell whether large brains evolved to solve the difficult problems or whether they evolved for other reasons and then enabled their bearers to deal with the hard problems”可知，传统的研究方法无法解释清楚大脑进化的原因和影响，故B项正确。7Why

31、dont many animals have large brains?AThey dont learn from each other.BThey dont face hard ecological problems.CThey dont need to cooperate with each other.DThey dont keep learning tough skills as they grow.D推理判断题。根据第五段第二、三句“Why dont they all have large brains? We found that ecological problems only

32、lead to humansized brains when individuals can keep learning hard skills as they grow”可知，只有当个体在成长过程中不断学习艰难的技能时，生态环境才会导致人类特定大小的大脑。据此可以判断，动物在成长过程中并没有持续学习艰难的技能，所以动物没有大的大脑，故D项正确。8Which of the following do the researchers find most surprising?AAnimals dont have large brains.BSocial challenges decrease brain size.CEcological challenges increase brain size.DIts unclear w