最新四川大学考博英语真题及答案详解.docx

1、最新四川大学考博英语真题及答案详解四川大学2012考博英语真题及答案详解 大学生个性化消费增多是一种趋势。当前社会、经济飞速发展，各种新的消费品不断增多，流行文化时尚飞速变化，处于校园与社会两者之间的大学生肯定会受影响。目前在大学校园，电脑、手机、CD、MP3、录音笔被称为大学生的“五件武器”。除了实用，这也是一种 表明自己生活优越的炫耀性的东西。现下很大一部分大学生中的“负债消费”表现的典型的超前享乐和及时行乐其消费项目多半是用于奢侈浪费的非必要生活消耗。如举办生日宴会、打网球、保龄球、上舞厅跳舞、进夜总会唱“卡拉”等。“负债消费”使很多学生耽于物欲，发展严重者轻则引起经济纠纷，动武斗殴，影

2、响同窗友谊，重则引发犯罪事件，于社会治安不利。据了解，百分之八十的饰品店都推出“DIY饰品”来吸引顾客，一方面顺应了年轻一代喜欢与众不同、标新立异的心理；另一方面，自制饰品价格相对较低，可以随时更新换代，也满足了年轻人“喜新厌旧”的需要，因而很受欢迎。（1） 专业知识限制据统计，上海国民经济持续快速增长。03全年就实现国内生产总值（GDP）6250.81亿元，按可比价格计算，比上年增长11.8%。第三产业的增速受非典影响而有所减缓，全年实现增加值3027.11亿元，增长8%，增幅比上年下降2个百分点。年“碧芝自制饰品店”在迪美购物中心开张，这里地理位置十分优越，交通四通八达，由于位于市中心，汇

3、集了来自各地的游客和时尚人群，不用担心客流量的问题。迪美有多家商铺，不包括柜台，现在这个商铺的位置还是比较合适的，位于中心地带，左边出口的自动扶梯直接通向地面，从正对着的旋转式楼梯阶而上就是人民广场中央，周边、条地下通道都交汇于此，从自家店铺门口经过的的顾客会因为好奇而进去看一下。阅读 1）Sign has become a scientific hot button. Only in the past 20 years have specialists in language study realized that signed languages are uniquea speech of

4、 the hand. They offer a new way to probe how the brain generates and understands language, and throw new light on an old scientific controversy: whether language, complete with grammar, is something that we are born With, or whether it is a learned behavior. The current interest in sign language has

5、 roots in the pioneering work of one rebel teacher at Gallaudet University in Washington, D. C., the worlds only liberal arts university for deaf people.When Bill Stokoe went to Gallaudet to teach English, the school enrolled him in a course in signing. But Stokoe noticed something odd: among themse

6、lves, students signed differently from his classroom teacher.Stokoe had been taught a sort of gestural code, each movement of the hands representing a word in English. At the time, American Sign Language (ASL) was thought to be no more than a form of pidgin English (混杂英语). But Stokoe believed the “h

7、and talk” his students used looked richer. He wondered: Might deaf people actually: have a genuine language? And could that language be unlike any other on Earth? It was 1955, when even deaf people dismissed their signing as “substandard”. Stokoes idea was academic heresy (异端邪说).It is 37 years later

8、. Stokoenow devoting his time to writing and editing books and journals and to producing video materials on ASL and the deaf cultureis having lunch at a cafe near the Gallaudet campus and explaining how he started a revolution. For decades educators fought his idea that signed languages are natural

9、languages like English, French and Japanese. They assumed language must be based on speech, the modulation (调节) of sound. But sign language is based on the movement of hands, the modulation of space. “What I said,” Stokoe explains, “is that language is not mouth stuffits brain stuff.”21. The study o

10、f sign language is thought to be _C_.A) a new way to look at the learning of languageB) a challenge to traditional, views on the nature of languageC) an approach: to simplifying the grammatical structure of a languageD) an attempt to clarify misunderstanding about the origin of language（C）22. The, p

11、resent growing interest in sign language was stimulated by _C_.A) a famous scholar in the study of the human brainB) a leading specialist in the study of liberal artsC) an English teacher in a university for the deafD) some senior experts in American Sign Language（C）23. According to Stokoe, sign lan

12、guage is _B_.A) a Substandard languageB) a genuine languageC) an artificial languageD) an international language（B）24. Most educators objected to Stokoes idea because they thought _D_.A) sign language was not extensively used even by deaf peopleB) sign language was too artificial to be widely accept

13、edC) a language should be easy to use and understandD) a language could only exist in the form of speech sounds（D）25. Stokoes argument is based on his belief that _D_.A) sign language is as efficient as any other languageB) sign language is derived from natural languageC) language is a system of mea

14、ningful codesD) language is a product of the brain（D）2）It was the worst tragedy in maritime history, six times more deadly than the Titanic. When the German cruise ship Wilhelm Gustloff was hit by torpedoes fired from a Russian submarine in the final winter of World War II, more than 10,000 people-m

15、ostly women, children and old people fleeing the final Red Army push into Nazi Germany-were packed aboard. An ice storm had turned the decks into frozen sheets that sent hundreds of families sliding into the sea as the ship tilted and began to go down. Others desperately tried to put lifeboats down.

16、 Some who succeeded fought off those in the water who had the strength to try to claw their way aboard. Most people froze immediately. Ill never forget the screams,” says Christa Ntitzmann, 87, one of the 1,200 survivors. She recalls watching the ship, brightly lit, slipping into its dark grave-and

17、into seeming nothingness, rarely mentioned for more than half a century.Now Germanys Nobel Prize-winning author Gtinter Grass has revived the memory of the 9,000 dead, including more than 4,000 children-with his latest novel Crab Walk, published last month. The book, which will be out in English nex

18、t year, doesnt dwell on the sinking; its heroine is a pregnant young woman who survives the catastrophe only to say later: “Nobody wanted to hear about it, not here in the West (of Germany) and not at all in the East.” The reason was obvious. As Grass put it in a recent interview with the weekly Die

19、 Woche: “Because the crimes we Germans are responsible for were and are so dominant, we didnt have the energy left to tell of our own sufferings.”The long silence about the sinking of the Wilhelm Gustloff was probably unavoidable-and necessary. By unreservedly owning up to their countrys monstrous c

20、rimes in the Second World War, Germans have managed to win acceptance abroad, marginalize the neo-Nazis at home and make peace with their neighbors. Todays unified Germany is more prosperous and stable than at any time in its long, troubled history. For that, a half century of willful forgetting abo

21、ut painful memories like the German Titanic was perhaps a reasonable price to pay. But even the most politically correct Germans believe that they ye now earned the right to discuss the full historical record. Not to equate German suffering with that of its victims, but simply to acknowledge a terri

22、ble tragedy.31. Why does the author say the sinking of the Wilhelm Gustloff was the worst tragedy in maritime history? （B）A) It was attacked by Russian torpedoes.B) It caused the largest number of casualties.C) Most of its passengers were frozen to death.D) Its victims were mostly women and children

23、.32. Hundreds of families dropped into the sea when _（A）_.A) the badly damaged ship leaned toward one sideB) a strong ice storm tilted the shipC) the cruise ship sank all of a suddenD) the frightened passengers fought desperately for lifeboats33. The Wilhelm Gustloff tragedy was little talked about

24、for more than half a century because Germans _（D）_.A) were eager to win international acceptanceB) had been pressured to keep silent about itC) were afraid of offending their neighborsD) felt guilty for their crimes in World War II34. How does Gunter Grass revive the memory of the Wilhelm Gustloff t

25、ragedy? （D）A) By describing the ships sinking in great detail.B) By giving an interview to the weekly Die Woche.C) By presenting the horrible scene of the torpedo attack.D) By depicting the survival of a young pregnant woman.35. It can be learned from the passage that Germans no longer think that _（

26、C）_.A) the Wilhelm Gustloff tragedy is a reasonable price to pay for the nations past misdeedsB) Germany is responsible for the horrible crimes it committed in World War IIC) they will be misunderstood if they talk about the Wilhelm Gustloff tragedyD) it-is wrong to equate their sufferings with thos

27、e of other countries1、现代文化对大学生饰品消费的影响我们从小学、中学到大学，学的知识总是限制在一定范围内，缺乏在商业统计、会计，理财税收等方面的知识；也无法把自己的创意准确而清晰地表达出来，缺少个性化的信息传递。对目标市场和竞争对手情况缺乏了解，分析时采用的数据经不起推敲，没有说服力等。这些都反映出我们大学生创业知识的缺乏；合计 50 100%（三）上海的文化对饰品市场的影响）There are people in Italy who cant stand soccer. Not all Canadians love hockey. A similar situation

28、 exists in America, where there are those individuals you may be one of them who yawn or even frown when somebody mentions baseball. Baseball to them means boring hours watching grown men in funny tight outfits standing around in a field staring away while very little of anything happens. They tell

29、you its a game better suited to the 19th century, slow, quiet, gentlemanly. These are the same people you may be one of them who love football because theres the sport that glorifies “the hit”. By contrast, baseball seems abstract, cool, silent, still. On TV the game is fractured into a dozen perspe

30、ctives, replays, close ups. The geometry of the game, however, is essential to understanding it. You will contemplate the game from one point as a painter does his subject; you may, of course, project yourself into the game. It is in this projection that the game affords so much space and time for i

31、nvolvement. The TV wont do it for you. Take, for example, the third baseman. You sit behind the third base dugout and you watch him watching home plate. His legs are apart, knees flexed. His arms hang loose. He does a lot of this. The skeptic still cannot think of any other sports so still, so passi

32、ve. But watch what happens every time the pitcher throws: the third baseman goes up on his toes, flexes his arms or bring the glove to a point in front of him, takes a step right or left, backward or forward, perhaps he glances across the field to check his first basemans position. Suppose the pitch is a ball. “Nothing happened,” you say. “I could have had my eyes closed.” The skeptic and the innocent must play the game. And this involvement in the