新高考新题型语法填空做题技巧适用于全国.docx

1、新高考新题型语法填空做题技巧适用于全国新高考新题型语法填空做题技巧语法填空题分为两种：横线后没有单词和横线后有单词。一：首先要掌握词与词之间搭配要点 1. 形容词或冠词后的中心词要用名词。 2. 修饰形容词，动词或副词要用副词。 3. 修饰整个句子用副词。 4. 介词后用名词或动词的ing 形式。二：横线后没有单词做题技巧 当横线后没有要填的词时，就想到要填的是 1. 冠词(a,an,the)例1 Now, years later, this river is one of _ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup. 例2 Whe

2、n I see the child in the shop, I think of Lucy. She was _ shy and beautiful girl. (3)The little boy pulled _ right hand out of the pocket 2. 介词(固定短语，时间的搭配，地点搭配)：与名词相连构成介宾短语等与不及物动词构成动词短语例3 He was walking along the street _ a gun in his hand. 例4 One morning, I was waiting _ the bus stop, worried about

3、 being late for school. 3.关系词（定语从句） 1) 关系代词 who,whom，which,whose,that,as例5 He spent much time teaching her how to skate, but she still didnt learn much, _ made him very angry. 例6 Maybe you have a habit _ is driving your family crazy. 例7 Those _ listened to the doctors advice finally understood they

4、didnt need clothes. 2）关系副词 when,where,why例8 These are the reasons _ we do it.例9 Students should involve themselves in community activities _ they can gain experience for growth. 例10 I am looking forward to the day _ my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her. 4. 连接词(名词性从句) 1）连接词：tha

5、t, whether, if （不充当从句的任何成分）2）连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which., whichever ,whomever 3） 连接副词：when, where, how, why例11 He stopped to see _ had bit him, and the dove immediately flew away.例12 _impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses. 例13 The question is _ we should g

6、o on with the work or not. 5. 连接词（状语从句） 从句类型常用连接词特殊连接词时间状语从句when，while，as，before，after，since，till，until，as soon as一些时间名词：the moment，the instant，the minute，the day，next time，every time，the first time，the last time一些副词：instantly，immediately，directly固定搭配的连词：no sooner than，hardly/scarcely when地点状语从句wher

7、e wherever，anywhere原因状语从句because，since，as，forseeing that，considering that，given that，in that，now that，for the reason that目的状语从句so(that)，in order thatlest，for fear that，in case结果状语从句so/such that，so thatto the/such a degree that，to the/such an extent that条件状语从句if，unless，as long assuppose，supposing，pro

8、viding，provided，on condition that让步状语从句although，though，even though，even ifwhile(一般用于句首)，as(用于倒装结构)，wheverno matter wh，whether or比较状语从句as，thanthe more，the more方式状语从句as，as if/thoughthe (same) way，A is to B what C is to D例14 She gets scared even now _ she thinks about it.例15 _ everyone does his part, t

9、he project will surely be a success.例16 He was so tired _ he couldnt go.例17 _ regular exercise is very important, its never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.例18 Please put the medicine_ children cant reach it. 例19 He cant come _ he is ill.6.并列连词（并列句）：and,or,but,otherwise,while7. 固定搭配eith

10、eror; bothand ; not onlybut also ; notbut neithernor8. 代词 1）it, this,that,these,those 2）在句子中充当形式主语和形式宾语时只能用it.9. 特殊句型：强调句：it isthat/ who三：横线后有单词做题技巧1. 名词考单复数2. 人称代词考主格，宾格，形物，名物，反身代词的转换。 人称单复数称呼主格宾格形容词形物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词第一人称单数我Ime myminemyself复数我们weusouroursourselves第二人称单数你youyouyouryoursyourself复数你们you

11、youyouryoursyourselves第三人称单数他hehimhishishimself单数她sheherherhersherself单数它itititsitsitself复数他（它）们theythemtheirtheirsthemselves3. 形容词和副词考原级，比较级，最高级。例20 Actually it was the _ (weak) place. 例21 Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is _ (clean) than ever. 4. 数词考基数词和序数词的转换。5. 动词

12、分为两种情况 1)在句子中作非谓语时，要想到to do,doing和done三种形式。 A) 动词不定式分为： 1. 将来式 （1）主动 to do sth. (2) 被动 to be done 2. 进行式 （1）to be doing 3. 完成式 （1）主动 to have done sth. (2) 被动 to have been done B)现在分词分为： 1. 一般式 （1）主动式 doing (2) 被动式 being done 2. 完成式 （1）主动式 having done (2) 被动式 having been done C) 过去分词分为： done 表完成，被动例2

13、2 He saw the stone, _(say) to himself, “The night will be very dark.”例23 _(see) from the hill, the city looks like a big garden. 例24 It took years of work _ (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water. 2)在句子中作谓语时，是考时态和语态，根据句子情况确定用什么时态，还有用不用被动语态。例25 In 1969, the pollution was terrible along

14、 the river. It _ (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.例26 When fat and salt _(remove) from the food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.例27 This cycle _(go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night.6. 当横线前是情态动词时，如果是主动语态，那么直接把括号里的动词填上去；如果是

15、被动语态，那么加上be,然后再把括号里的动词改为过去分词填上去。7. 考名词，动词，形容词和副词之间的转换（背记实词的拼写）例28 Because only Time is capable of understanding how _ (value) Love is.例29 While there are _ (amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the _ (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work. Just be _ (patience).

16、例30 It would be _ (believe) that such an honest man should have betrayed his friends.高考真题第一组 2018高考试题1.【2018全国I】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years _61_(long) than non-runners. You dont have to run fast or for long_62_(see)

17、the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of _63_ (die) early by running. While running regularly cannt make you live forever, the review says it _64_ (be) more effective at lengthening life_65_ walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also mad

18、e a study published in 2014_66_showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all _67_(cause).The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise its probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exerc

19、ises to_68_(strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and its always_69_(energy).If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give_70_a try.2.【2018全国II】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当

20、的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Diets have changed in China and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country _61_（grow）more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over _62_ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.A taste for meat is _63_ (actual) behind the change: An importa

21、nt part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corns rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice _64_ (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water _65_ rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased _66_ (pollute)

22、in the countrys major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total _67_ (globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005when the government _68_ (start) a soil-testing

23、 program _69_ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. Chinas approach to protecting its environment while _70_ (feed) its citizens offers useful lessons for ag

24、riculture and food policymakers worldwide. says the banks Juergen Voegele.3.【2018全国III】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Im not sure _61_ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere. Im walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpecte

25、dly, Im face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at _62_ top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the_63_(loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head t

26、o avoid _64_(look) directly into his eyes so he doesnt feel_65_(challenge).My name is Mireya Mayor. Im a _66_(science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching _67_ these three western lowland gorillas Id been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I wer

27、e worried.When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find _68_(they) alive. True to a gorillas unaggressive nature, the huge animal _69_(mean)me no real harm. He was just saying: Im king of this forest, and here is your reminder! Once his message was delivered, he allowed me _

28、70_ (stay)and watch.4.【2018浙江】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese _56_(dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners _57_ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap _58_ ca

29、n be to eat out. I still remember _59_ (visit) a friend whod lived here for five years and I _60_(shock) when I learnt she hadnt cooked once in all that time. While regularly eating out seems to _61_(become) common for many young people in recent years, its not without a cost. The obvious one is mon

30、ey; eating out once or twice a week may be _62_(afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even _63_ (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in _64_(weigh) problems.If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your