杭州师范大学二外英语考研真题研究生入学考试试题.docx

1、杭州师范大学二外英语考研真题研究生入学考试试题杭 州 师 范 大 学 2015 年招收攻读硕士研究生入学考试题 考试科目代码： 243 考试科目名称： 二外英语 说明：考生答题时一律写在答题纸上，否则漏批责任自负。Part I Reading Comprehension（Skimming and Scanning）(2*10=20)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet.For questi

2、ons I - 7, mark Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG(for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8 - 10, complete the sentences with the informatio

3、n given in the passage.DreamsOur dreams combine verbal, visual and emotional stimuli into a sometimes broken, nonsensical but often entertaining story line. We can sometimes even solve problems in our sleep. Or can we? Many experts disagree on exactly what the purpose of our dreams might be. Are the

4、y strictly random brain impulses, or are our brains actually working through issues from our daily life while we sleep - as a sort of coping mechanism? Should we even bother to interpret our dreams? Many say yes, that we have a great deal to learn from our dreams. Why do we Dream? For centuries, wev

5、e tried to figure out just why our brains play these nightly shows for us. Early civilizations thought dream worlds were real, physical worlds that they could enter only from their dream state. Researchers continue to toss around many theories about dreaming. Those theories essentially fall into two

6、 categories: The idea that dreams are only physiological stimulations The idea that dreams are psychologically necessary Physiological theories are based on the idea that we dream in order to exercise various neural connections that some researchers believe affect certain types of learning. Psycholo

7、gical theories are based on the idea that dreaming allows us to sort through problems, events of the day or things that are requiring a lot of our attention. Some of these theorists think dreams might be prophetic. Many researchers and scientists also believe that perhaps it is a combination of the

8、two theories. Dreaming and the Brain When we sleep, we go through five sleep stages. The first stage is a very light sleep from which it is easy to wake up. The second stage moves into a slightly deeper sleep, and stages three and four represent our deepest sleep. Our brain activity throughout these

9、 stages is gradually slowing down so that by deep sleep, we experience nothing but delta brain waves - the slowest brain waves. About 90 minutes after we go to sleep and after the fourth sleep stage, we begin REM sleep. Rapid eye movement (REM) was discovered in 1953 by University of Chicago researc

10、hers Eugene Aserinsky, a graduate student in physiology, and Nathaniel Kleitman, Ph.D., chair of physiology. REM sleep is primarily characterized by movements of the eyes and is the fifth stage of sleep. How to Improve Your Dream Recall It is said that five minutes after the end of a dream, we have

11、forgotten 50 percent of the dreams content. Ten minutes later, weve forgotten 90 percent of its content. Why is that? We dont forget our daily actions that quickly. The fact that they are so hard to remember makes their importance seem less. There are many resources both on the Web and in print that

12、 will give you tips on how to improve your recall of dreams. Those who believe we have a lot to learn about ourselves from our dreams are big proponents of dream journals. Here are some steps you can take to increase your dream recall: When you go to bed, tell yourself you will remember your dreams.

13、 Set your alarm to go off every hour and half so youll wake up around the times that you leave REM sleep - when youre most likely to remember your dreams. (Or, drink a lot of water before you go to bed to ensure you have to wake up at least once in the middle of the night!) Keep a pad and pencil nex

14、t to your bed. Try to wake up slowly to remain within the “mood” of your last dream. Common Dream Themes and Their Interpretations Being naked in public Most of us have had the dream at some point that were at school, work or some social event, and we suddenly realize we forgot to put on clothes! Ex

15、perts say this means: Were trying to hide something (and without clothes we have a hard time doing that). Were not prepared for something, like a presentation or test (and now everyone is going to know were exposed!). If were naked but no one notices, then the interpretation is that whatever were af

16、raid of is unfounded. If we dont care that were naked, the interpretation is that were comfortable with who we are. Falling Youre falling, falling, falling. and then you wake up. This is a very common dream and is said to symbolize insecurities and anxiety. Something in your life is essentially out

17、of control and there is nothing you can do to stop it. Another interpretation is that you have a sense of failure about something. Maybe youre not doing well in school or at work and are afraid youre going to be fired or expelled. Again, you feel that you cant control the situation. Being chased The

18、 ever-popular chase dream can be extremely frightening. What it usually symbolizes is that youre running away from your problems. What that problem is depends on who is chasing you. It may be a problem at work, or it may be something about yourself that you know is destructive. For example, you may

19、be drinking too much, and your dream may be telling you that your drinking is becoming a real problem. Taking an exam (or forgetting that you have one) This is another very common dream. You suddenly realize you are supposed to be taking an exam at that very moment. You might be running through the

20、hallways and cant find the classroom. This type of dream can have several variations that have similar meanings. (Maybe your pen wont write, so you cant finish writing your answers.) What experts say this may mean is that youre being scrutinized about something or feel youre being tested - maybe you

21、re facing a challenge you dont think youre up to. You dont feel prepared or able to hold up to the scrutiny. It may also mean there is something youve neglected that you know needs your attention. Flying Many flying dreams are the result of lucid dreaming (清醒梦). Not all flying dreams are, however. T

22、ypically, dreaming that you are flying means you are on top of things. You are in control of the things that matter to you. Or, maybe youve just gained a new perspective on things. It may also mean you are strong willed and feel like no one and nothing can defeat you. If you are having problems main

23、taining your flight, someone or something may be standing in the way of you having control. If you are afraid while flying, you may have challenges that you dont feel up to. Running, but going nowhere This theme can also be part of the chasing dream. Youre trying to run, but either your legs wont mo

24、ve or you simply arent going anywhere - as if you were on a treadmill (踏车). According to some, this dream means you have too much on your plate. Youre trying to do too many things at once and cant catch up or ever get ahead.1. This passage mainly discusses different theories about why we have dreams

25、 at night.2. Early theories held that dreams were reflection of peoples real, physical worlds.3. According to physiological theories, dreaming allows us to sort through problems or events of the day that require our attention.4. REM occurs at the third and fourth stage during which we experience the

26、 deepest sleep.5. The reason why dreams do not seem important is that they are very difficult to remember.6. Trying to get recorded what you said or did in your dream can help increase your dream recall.7. If a person dreams he is naked but is not noticed by others, it means what he is afraid of is

27、groundless.8. Youre falling, falling, falling in your dream, which is said to symbolize_.9. Being chased in a dream usually means that youre escaping from your_.10. One of the interpretations for flying dreams is that you are_and nothing can defeat you.Part II Vocabulary and Structure(1*30=30)Direct

28、ions: Choose the best answer you think fit to fill in the gaps of each sentence with the items given. Please write down the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet.11. Bad news can _ much faster than good news.A) cover B) deny C) spread D) happen12. Thanks for your help. We did_it.A) appreciate B) gree

29、t C) respect D) honor13. The news has just_that the president is going to visit China next month. A) come out B) come about C) come up D) come down14. She was so _ in her job that she didnt hear anybody knocking at the door.A) attracted B) absorbed C) drawn D) concentrated15. About half the populati

30、on in the poor country is still _.A) literature B) educated C) intellectual D) illiterate16. Under such_we should take a new measure at once.A) environment B) surroundings C) situations D) circumstances17. The beauty of Venice _ largely in the style of its ancient buildings. A) composes B) consists

31、C) persists D) considers18. Dont let yourself be _doing anything you dont want to do.A) talked over B) talked into C) talked back D) talked with19. Many Europeans came to _ the continent of Africa in the 19th century. A) reform B) engage C) reveal D) explore20. I consider his suggestion the most _that has so far been offered.A) sensible B) sensitive C) sentimental D) sensational21. Although punctual (准时的) himself, the professor was quite used_late for his lecture.A) to have students B) for students being C) for students to be D) to students being22. He had worke