大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案.docx

1、大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案十六 Trees should only be pruned when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and , fortunately,the number of such reasons is small. Pruning involves the cutting away of obergrown and unwanted branches, and the inexperienced gardener can be encouraged by the thought that more dama

2、ge results from doing it unnecessarily than from leaving the tree to grow in its own way.First, pruning may be done to make sure that trees have a desired shape or size. The object may be to get a tree of the right height, and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches which will thi

3、cken its appearance or give it a special shape. Secondly, pruning may be done to make the tree healthier. You may cut diseaed or dead wood, or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus cause wounds. The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing branches that are blocking up the cent

4、re and so preventing the free movement of air.One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy entry for disease, but itis a wound that will heal. Often there is a race between the healing and the desease as to whether the tree will live or die, so that there

5、 is a period when the tree is at risk. It should be the aim of every gardener to reduce which has been pruned smooth and clean, for healing will be slowed down by roughness. You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hurs and then paint it with one of the substances available from garden shop

6、s produced especially for this purpose. Pruning is usually without interference from the leaves and also it is very unlikely that the cuts yu make will bleed. If this does happen,it is, of course,impossible to paint them properly. should be done to _. the tree grow taller the shape of the tree rid o

7、f the small branches the small branches thicker become unhealthy if the gardener _. too many branches to grow in the middle not protect them from wind them to grow too quickly some of the small side branches is a special substance painted on the tree? make a wound smooth prevent disease entering a w

8、ound cover a rough surface help a wound to dry good gardener prunes a tree_. intervals throughout the year quickly as possible when necessary every winter was the authors purpose when writing this passage? give pratical instruction for pruning a tree. give a general description of pruning explain ho

9、w trees develop diseases discuss different methods of pruning.答案：babca十七 On Thursday afternoon Mrs. Carke, dressed for going out, took her handbag with her money and her key in it, pulled the door behind her to lock it and went to the over 60s Club. She always went there on Thursdays. It was a nice

10、outing for an old woman who lived alone.At six oclock she cane home, let herself in and at once smelt cigarette smoke. Cigarette smoke in her house? How? How? Had someone got in? She checked the back door and the windows. All were locked or fastened, as usual. There was no sign of forced entry.Over

11、a cup of tea she wondered whether someone might have a key that fitted her front door-a master keyperhaps. So she stayed at home the following Thursday. Nothing happened. Was anyone watching her movements? On the Thursday after that she went out at her usual time,dressed as usual, but she didnt go t

12、o the club. Instead she took a short cut home again, letting herself in through her garden and the back door. She settled down to wait.It was just after four oclock when the front door bell . Clarke was making a cup of tea at the time. The bell rang again, and then she heard her letter-box being pus

13、hed open. With the kettle of boiling water in her hand, she moved quietly towards the front door. A long piece of wire appeared through the letter-box, and then a hand. The wire turned and caught around the knob on the door-lock. Mrs. Clarke raised the kettle and poured the water over the hand. Ther

14、e was a shout outside, and the skin seemed to drop off the fingers like a glove. The wire fell to the floor, the hand was pulled back, and Mrs. Clarke heard the sound of running feet. Clarke looded forward to Thursday because_. worked at a club on the day said visitors on Thursdays visited a club on

15、 Thursday special visitor came on Thursday someone had made a forced entery,_. would have found a broken door or window or she was still in the house would have been thown about or she would have needed a master key the third Thursday Mrs. Clarke went out_. she didnt want to miss the club again see

16、if the thief was hnging about outside the club but then changed her mind an attempt to trick the thief lock on the front door was one which_. a piece of wire to open it he opened from inside without a keyt be opened without a key a knob instead of a key wire feel to the floor_. refused to open the d

17、oor the mans glove dropped off it was too hot to hold the man justwanted to get away答案：cadbd十八 Many people believe the glare from snow causes snowblindnenss. Yet, dark glasses or not , they find themselves suffering from headaches and watering eyes,and even snowblindness,when exposed to several hour

18、s of snow light .The United States Army has now determined that glare from snow does not cause snowblindness in troops in a snow-covered , a mans eyes frequently find nothing to foucs on in a broad expanse of barren snow-covered terrain. So his gaze continually shifts and jumps back and forth over t

19、he entire landscape in search of tsomething to look at. Finding nothing, hour after hour, the eyes never sotp searching and the eyeballs become sore and the eye muscles ache. Nature offsets this irritation by producing more and fluid which covers the eyeball. The fluid coversthe eyeball in increasin

20、g quantity until vision blurs, then is obsured,and the result is total, even though temporary,snowblindness.Experiments led the Army to a simple method of overcoming this problem. Scouts ahead of a main body of troops are trained to shake snow from evergreen bushes, creating a dotted line as they cr

21、oss completely snow-covered landscape,Even the scouts themselves throw lightweight , dark colored objects ahead on which they too can focus . The men following can then see gaze is arrested. Their eyes focus on a bush and having found something to see,stop scouring the snow-blanketed lanscape. By fo

22、cusing their attention on one object at a time,the men can cross the snow without becoming hopelessly snowblind or lost. In this way the problem of crossing a solid white terrain is overcome. prevent headaches, watering eyes and blindness caused by the glare from snow, dark glasses are_. the eyes ar

23、e sore tears are produced to _. the vision snowblindness the irritation the muscles may be avoided by_. to the solid white terrain for something to look at in snow-covered terrain the eyes with something to foucs on the eyeballs with fluid scouts shake snow from evergreen bushes in order to _. the m

24、en behind something to see the landscape themselves in the cold the men behind from losing their way suitable title for this passage would be _. and how to overcome its cure for snowblindness in the snow vision答案：CCCAA十九 Water problems in the future will become nore intense and more complex. Our inc

25、reasing population will tremendously increase urban wastes,primarily sewage. On the other hand, increasing demands for water will decease substantialy the amount of water available for diluting wastes. Rapidly expanding industries which involve more and more complex chemical processes will produce l

26、arge volumes of liquid wastes, and many of these will contain chemicals which are noxious. To feed our rapidly expanding population, agriculture will have to be intensified. This will involve ever-increasingquantities of agricultural chemicals, From this , it is apparent that drastic steps must be t

27、aken immediately to develop corrective measures for the pollution problem.There are two ways by which this pollution problem can be dwindled. The first relates to the treatment of wastes to decrease their pollution hazard. This involves the processing of solid wastes prior to disposal and the treatm

28、ent of liquid wastes, or efflunets,to permit the reuse of the water or minimize pollution upon final disposal.A second approach is to develop an economic use for all or a part of the wastes. Farm manure is spread in fields as a nutrient or organic supplement . Effluents from sewage disposal plants a

29、re used in some areas both for irrigation and for the nutrients contained. Efflunets from other processing plants may also be used as a supplemental source of water. Many industries, such as meat and poultry processing plants, are currently converting former waste products into marketable byproducts

30、. Other industries are potential eonomic uses for waste products. purpose of this passage is _. alert the reader to the dwindling water supply explain industrial uses of water acquaint the reader with water pollution problems demostrate various measures to solve the pollution problem of the followin

31、g points is NOT INCLUDED in the passage? dustrial development incudes the simplification of complex chemical processes. wastes needs certain amount of water for water will go up along with the expanding population cultivation of land requires more and more chemicals reader can conclued that_. of the world will work together on polution problems from wastes lead to a more prosperous marketplace is making great progress on increasing water supplies industries are