词性变化和词性转换.docx

1、词性变化和词性转换、合成有两个或两个以上的词合成的一个词。如 : 合成名词、合成形容词、合成副词 等。 fire + man firemangood+looking good-lookingany+time anytime一、派生1、前缀: 加前缀通常改变词义 反义词:un: healthy-unhealthy usual-unusualhappy-unhappydis: honest-dishonest appear-disappearlike-dislike cover-discoverim: possible-impossiblein: dependent independent一、派生

2、1、前缀: 加前缀通常改变词义反义词:un: healthy-unhealthy usual-unusualhappy-unhappydis: honest-dishonest appear-disappearlike-dislike cover-discoverim: possible-impossiblein: dependent independent2、后缀: 加后缀一般改变词性(1)名词后缀 :-er: manage manager, own-owner, record-recorder report-reporter, teach-teacher, wait-waiter win

3、winner, work-worker , write-writer-or: visit-visitor , act-actor, invent-inventor-ress: wait-waitress, act-actress-(t)ion: invent invention, pollute-pollution,attract attraction, suggest-suggestioncollect-collection, locate-location,operate-operation, protect-protectionsolve-solution, add-addition2、

4、后缀: 加后缀一般改变词性(1)名词后缀 :-ation: invite-invitation, organize-organization-(s)ion: discuss-discussion, decide-decision-ment: develop-development, amuse amusementadvertise-advertisement-ce: enter-entrance-ing: meet-meeting, paint-painting, say-sayingbegin-beginning, build-building2、后缀: 加后缀一般改变词性(2)名词+ist

5、 ; er 变成表示人的名词-ist: science-scientist, art artist, tour tourist-er: farm-farmer, engine-engineer, law-lawyer(3)形容词 +ness, ty,ity, th, ce, dom 变成名词-ness: kind kindness, ill illness;nationality,-ity: electric electricity, nationalactive activity, able ability-th: true truth, long length-ce:different d

6、ifference, important importance-dom: free freedom, wise wisdom,(2)动词后缀 :1. 名词 +ize 变成动词 :-ize: memory-memorize2. 形容词 +en 变成动词 :wide widen(3). 形容词后缀 :1. 名词 +ed, ful, y, ly, ive, al, cal, en, (i)an 变成形容词-ed: age aged, wound wounded-ful: power powerful, care careful, use useful success successful, wond

7、er wonderful-y: wind windy, rain rainy, cloud cloudysnowsnowy, sun sunny, luck luckynoise noisy, health healthy, fun funny,-ive: act active-al: education educational, office official,nation national, nature natural, person personal, tradition traditional, physical physical-cal: history historical, c

8、hemistry chemical,medicine medical-en: gold golden, wood wooden-(i)an: Australia Australian, Canada CanadianItaly Italian, America American(4)名词+less 变成形容词 , 有相反的意思-less: home homeless, care careless, help helpless life lifeless, use useless;动词+ful, able, ive 变成形容词 :-ful: forget forgetful, help help

9、ful, thank thankful-able: avail available, enjoy enjoyable, change changeable,-ive: attract attractive动词+ed, ing 变成形容词-ed: wound wounded, fry fried, please pleased, surprise surprised, interest interested,excite excited-ing: amuse amusing, interest interestingsurprise surprising, excite-exciting(4)副

10、词后缀 :形容词+y, ly 变副词-y: gentle gently, possible possibly-ly: accurate accurately, angry angrily,luckily,beautiful beautifully, general generally,clear clearly, complete completely, final finally luckyloud loudly, main mainly,quick quickly, quiet quietly, real really, recent recently, usual usually, sa

11、fe safely slow slowly, serious seriously, soft softlywide widely, true truly, careful carefully,happyhappily, heavy heavily,immediate-immediately(5)基数词后缀 :-teen : four fourteen, five fifteen, -ty: three thirty, eight eighty,(6)序数词后缀 :-th: five-fifth, six-sixth, nineteen nineteenth,ninety-ninetieth,

12、nine ninth特别注意 :one first firstly oncetwo second secondly-twice1、make a phone call call me later2、change her idea-offer me some changes3、clean our classroom-keep our classroom clean4、be sunny and clear-clear the street5、cook food a chief cook6、get a thorough check-check our homework7、correct our mis

13、takes-a correct answer8、keep us cool-cool the milk9、in the dark-dark brownfrom a desire to become rich-desire happinessleave early early morningon my other hand hand me his booka hard apple work hardhurry to school in a hurrylook like have a look at work late at a late hour-be late for process our p

14、roblem -a long processwater flowers-enough waterweak light light enough for me to liftwalk straight a straight linesome books-book a hotelbreak the rules have a breaka bright boy a pair of bright eyes10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20、21、22、23、24、a book in a case deal with a case25、catch the bus-catch

15、 the thief catch a cold-catch what yousaid26、live in the country work for our country27、walk through the crowd be crowded with28、my dear-a dear earring29、my experiences in England be full of experience30、I don t know if ,/If it rains, .31、run fast run a restaurant32、happen to do / happen on Friday33

16、、manage to do sth./ manage a company34、the rest of time / have a rest35、be present a meeting give me a present at present36、still live there keep still/stay still still taller37、take away-take notes-take a pill-take a bus It takessb. some time to do take photos38、look after patients be patient to st

17、udents39、Yes, I will. Will you . a strong willWhen there is a will, there is a way.41、get along/on with sb. get along /on with our work42、go ahead , you ll find a school on your right. May I askyou a question? Go ahead.43、go in for = take part in go in for = be fond of44、our plane will take off take off your coat45、look up at the Oriental Pearl TV Tower= look up a word in thedictionary46、run/ be out of food walk out of the classroom47、put on my coat-put on my glasses put on a play48、take place= be held; take place= happen