论《法国中尉的女人》中萨拉的女性主义的显现学位论文.docx

1、论法国中尉的女人中萨拉的女性主义的显现学位论文指导老师签名： 日期： 年 月 日Abstract John Fowles who has been regarded as a postmodernist writer is not only an important but also influential novelist in contemporary Britain. His masterpiece The French Lieutenants Woman, a classical novel that shed light on the womens discovery of self

2、-hood and seeking of freedom, has been acclaimed by the critics after its publication. Fowless fascinating delineation of the heroine, has been studied from different perspectives by many critics.This dissertation attempts to make a in-depth analysis of the heroine in The French Lieutenants woman, f

3、rom the perspective of feminism, combining with historical background. How Sarah struggles for her self-hood and freedom, and how she fights against the restricted values as well as the rigid moralities in the historical context of the Victorian era. This thesis mainly focuses on the analysis of the

4、 awakening and embodiment of her feminist consciousness. After a detailed analysis, we can figure out that what leads to the awakening of Sarahs feminist conscious, and how she transforms into a new womansuccessfully. Whats more, readers could have a more in-depth understanding on the women in Victo

5、rian era, who had encountered many difficulties in the persuit of self-hood and freedom. After the interpretation, it can cause some social concerns over the feminine consciousness. Womens voice can be heard by more people, so women dont have to keep silent any more, instead, they could have more co

6、urage to fight for their rights. Key Words: The French Lieutenants Woman；Sarah Woodruff；Feminist Consciousness摘要 约翰福尔斯是英国当代文坛最重要的小说家之一。 他的代表作法国中尉的女人是以女性的自我发现和追求为主题的经典文学著作。法国中尉的女人一问世，就获得了广大读者和文学评论界的好评。围绕着作者对作品中女主人公萨拉这一形象的精心塑造，不少评论家从不同的角度进行了探讨。本文在原有研究女性主义视角的基础上，结合小说当时的历史背景，深入分析法国中尉的女人中女主人萨拉在当时的文化背景下，如

7、何在追求自我和自由的过程中，与维多利亚道德观进行抗争，着重于分析萨拉的女性主义的觉醒过程，和其觉醒过程中女性主义的显现。经过详细的分析研究，可以得出，是什么唤醒了萨拉的女性意识，使她最终成功转变成一位“新女性”。通过对法国中尉的女人女性主义的解读，希望读者能对维多利亚时代的英国女性在追求自我和自由的过程中所遭遇到的困难和挫折有一个较为深入的了解。更重要的是，引起社会对女性意识问题的关注，使女性不再沉默，勇于争取自身的权利，她们的呼声能被更多的人所听见。关键词：法国中尉的女人；萨拉伍德拉夫；女性意识 ContentsAbstract i摘要 ii1.Introduction 11.1 Study

8、 background 11.2 Significance of this study 11.3 The arrangement of this study 12. Literature Review 32.1 Previous studies on The French Lieutenants Woman 32.1.1 Foreign studies 32.1.2 Domestic studies 53. Sarahs Feminist Consciousness Awakening in Victoria Era 63. 1 Victorian Era background 63.1.1

9、Woman in Victorian Era 63.1.2 The Second feminist movement 73.2 Awakening of Sarahs feminist consciousness 73.2.1 Sarahs Self-denial 83.2.2 Sarahs Self-discovery 93.3 Embodiment of Sarahs Feminist Consciousness 103.3.1 The Pursuit of true love 103.3.2 The Pursuit of selfhood and freedom 114.Conclusi

10、on 13References 14Acknowledgments 161.Introduction1.1 Study background With its postmordernist structure, its existentialist elements and its characterization, in particular the mysterious character Sarah, who has drawn wide international critical attention, John Fowless novel The French Lieutenants

11、 Woman, becomes greatest popular success soon after its publication in 1969. It is because The French Lieutenants Woman is a novel with complex style, dual endings, and postmodern openness that allow so much room for interpretation.This thesis, based on the exsiting perspective of feminism, combinin

12、g with the historical background, trys to make a in-depth analysis of Sarah, the heroine in The French Lieutenants woman. How Sarah struggles for her self-hood and freedom, and how she fights against the restricted values as well as the rigid moralities in the historical context of the Victorian era

13、. And this dissertation mainly focuses on the analysis of the awakening and embodiment of her feminist consciousness.1.2 Significance of this studyAfter the interpretation of the feminism of Sarah in The French Lieutenants Woman, we can figure out that what leads to the awakening of Sarahs feminist

14、conscious, and how she transforms into a new womansuccessfully. What s more, readers could have a more in-depth understanding on the women in Victorian era, who had encountered many difficulties in the persuit of self-hood and freedom. After the interpretation, it can cause some social concerns over

15、 the feminine consciousness. Womens voice can be heard by more people, so women dont have to keep silent any more, instead, they could have more courage to fight for their rights. 1.3 The arrangement of this study The paper falls into five parts.Chapter one:Introduction involves the study background

16、 and the significance of this study. It then involves the arrangement of this study.Chapter two mainly involves the current criticsm of the novel both home and abroad on The French Lieutenants Woman.As this novel is under the significant influence of the Victorian Era, so Chapter three will explore

17、into the Victorian Era. The social background and a brief discussion about the two waves of Feminism Movement and their relationships with this novel will be presented.Chapter Three will explore the awakening of Sarahs feminist consciousness. Through her self-construction starts from her self-denial

18、 to self-discovery, Sarah has successfully established herself a new woman.Chapter Four will draw a conclusion, and try to answer the question: what makes Sarah a new woman?2. Literature Review2.1 Previous studies on The French Lieutenants WomanIn 1969, John Robert Fowles had The French Lieutenants

19、Woman published. This novel turns out to be a huge success in both commercial as well as academic values. It remains on the bestseller list (America) for 157 weeks, and Karel Reize, the books publication, made it a popular movie 12 years later. This novel is about a mysterious love story which happe

20、ned in the Victorian Age of the mid 19th century. Sarah and Charles, the heroine and hero of this novel, who shake off social prejudice and restrictions, struggle to acquire their freedom and independence. This novel employs some postmodern narrative techniques, which not only reconstructs but also

21、deconstructs the Victorian fiction. The French Lieutenants Woman has drawn broad attention and acclaims from literary critics and readers because of its unique postmodernist narrative style, delicate image depiction and deep reflection of modern history of Britain2.1.1 Foreign studiesAfter the publi

22、cation of The French Lieutenants Woman, drawn nation-wide attention from British and American critics. Western academics researches on thie novel is diversified, including Social historical criticism, psychoanalysis criticism, the Philosophical Investigations of existentialism and the narrative stra

23、tegy of the meta-fiction. Some critics also take it as a historical novel. For instance, Linda Hutcheon (1988) considers it as historical meta-fiction about Victorian socialism, because this novel has a clear and profound understanding of the history and fiction, which provides the foundation for th

24、e style and content.In terms of narration, Mahmound Salami (1992)analyzes the novels theme of freedom through the narrative structure of the novel, and concludes that the entire narrative structure of the novel is itself an act of freedom from illusion to all participants in fiction.Richard P. Lynch

25、 (2002) points out that this is the best novel of Fowles in the inspection of human freedom, individual freedom is under the control of social system , this novel has illustrated three different kinds of freedom: society, existence and narration. Therefore, The French Lieutenants Woman, frees not on

26、ly the main character but also the readers from the mandatory text . Literary critic Ifor Evans (1987) says in my view, the most accomplished novel in this problematical vein is John Fowless The French Lieutenants Woman. He undertakes a recognizably modern questioning of the very nature of the ficti

27、onSome feminist critics interpret this novel from the perspective of feminism, they deem the emancipation of Sarah to be the theme of this novel. Psychological critics are more concerned with the textual personalities of the fictional characters. Simon Loveday (1985)extends Roses Freudian nsights ab

28、out the composition of The French Lieutenants Woman with some additional connection among Varguennes, Rossetti, and Charles.The Formalists criticism are mainly concerned with examining meaningful patterns within the fictional text rather than its relation with the external context. For instance, Rob

29、ert Huffaker(1980) offers perceptive observation about animal and imagery in the novel, and Peter Wolfe offers ingenious comment on the names of Fowless character.There are others who focus on the novels existential theme. Critics held the view that Fowles was greatly influenced by existentialism. I

30、n his novels, Fowles illustrates his existentialist thought through his characters by setting them in different surroundings to examine how they make their choices. Fowles stresses free choice and in this novel, Sarah takes charge of her own life by her free choice. Mahmound Salami (1992) holds the

31、view that Sarah is a typical existentialist character, who embodies all the elements of freedom in the novel. She also funtions as a force providing the exitential impetus to Charles and the age he lives in. Sarah sets up a seduction trap for Charles, manipulates Charles from their first meeting, an

32、d then makes Charles walking on her shoes. Sarah is a guide who leads Charles to his way of freedom.The more traditional methods are found in studies focusing on the analysis of Sarah, the protagonist. Robert Huffaker (1980)points out that Sarah, like that ancestral seductress, tempts Charles to self-knowledge, then is cast out along with him when he accepts her temptation. He points out that Sarah plays one of the roles of the anima, a sensual seductress. By maint