过去将来时和被动语态中考英语复习.docx

1、过去将来时和被动语态中考英语复习第11讲_过去将来时和被动语态知识图谱-过去将来时-被动语态基本用法主动语态变为被动语态基本用法第11讲_过去将来时和被动语态错题回顾手动选题过去将来时知识精讲一、过去将来时 表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或呈现的状态。过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。一般情况下，过去将来时的出发点是过去，即从过去某一时刻看以后要发生的动作或状态。二、句子结构主语+would+do (动词原形)主语+be (was/ were ) going to +do (动词原形)三、基本用法用法示例在叙述过去的事情或事情发生的经过时，用过去将来时表示在当时看将来会发生的事情

2、。It was May 30. Mike had just left his home. He was going to fish in the river with his friend, so he decided to call his friend first.5月30日，迈克刚离开家，他打算和朋友一起去河边钓鱼，于是他决定先给朋友打个电话。主句用一般过去时，宾语从句常用过去将来时表示将要发生的事情或曾经打算要做的事情。He asked when the meeting would end.他问会议何时结束。四、相关句型would dowas/ were going to do肯定式主

3、语+would do主语+ was/ were going to do否定式主语+would+not+do主语+ was/ were+not+going to do疑问式Would+主语+do?Was/ Were+主语+going to do ?肯定回答Yes, 主语+would.Yes, 主语+was/ were.否定回答No, 主语+wouldnt.No, 主语+wasnt/ werent.三点剖析一、考点对于过去将来时的考查，多以单选、词语运用的形式考查学生在具体语境中灵活运用时态的能力。在考试中，会让大家判断是否用过去将来时，以及如何正确使用。过去将来时多用于宾语从句中。二、易错点：1

4、. 表示“往来”时空变化的短暂性动词如：“go, come, arrive, travel, start, begin, leave, move, fly, return”等，通常用过去进行时来表示过去将来时。例：He said they were leaving at seven.他说他们将于七点的时候动身。She told me she was coming to see me.她告诉我，她要来看我。2.条件状语从句和时间状语从句中需用一般过去时代替过去将来时。例：I didnt know when she would come, but when she came I would let

5、 you know.我不知道她什么时候来，但她来了我会告诉你。The teacher said that it would be very difficult to make progress if I didnt study hard.老师说，如果我不努力学习的话，就很难取得进步。三、补充点：1. “was/ were going to do” 表示过去将来要发生的动作。例：I was told that he was going to return home.他告诉我他准备要回家2. “ was/ were about to do” 表示说话的瞬间就会发生的动作。例：I was about

6、 to turn on the power of the computer when the electricity was cut off.我正要打开电脑，这时电源被切断了。题模精讲题模一 基本用法例1.1、He said he _ some cakes for me, but now he hasnt come back yet.A、will buyB、would buyC、boughtD、buy例1.2、She _ to work when the telephone rang.A、was goingB、will goC、is goingD、is to go例1.3、用所给动词的适当形式

7、填空.1 Miss Zhang said she _ (visit) the Great Wall next summer.2. She said the bus _ (leave) at five the next morning.3. You _ (give) me your address but you didnt.随堂练习随练1.1、-What did your son say in the letter?-He told me that he _ the Disney World the next week.A、will visitB、has visitedC、is going t

8、o visitD、would visit随练1.2、I hoped Dina _ to my birthday party on time the next Wednesday.A、to comeB、is comingC、will comeD、was coming随练1.3、Li Ming said he _ happy if Tom_ to China next month.A、as; comeB、was; would comeC、would be; cameD、will be; come随练1.4、Jenny said she _ her holiday in China.A、was go

9、ing to spentB、would spentC、spentD、would spend随练1.5、用所给动词的适当形式填空1. She told him that she _ (not stay) here for long.2. Mr. Green said that he _ (leave) for Hawaii a few hours later.3. The scientists said the worlds population _ (slow) down in future.被动语态知识精讲一、被动语态语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语动词之间的具体关系，分为主动语态和被动

10、语态两种。主动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者。被动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般来说，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用“被、受、给”等被动词来表示被动意义 。其结构是由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词done+(by+动作的执行者)”构成的。be本身无词义，但有时态、人称和数的变化，其变化与时态中的变化一致。各种时态的被动语态结构表（以动词do为例）：时态被动语态例句一般现在时am/ is/ are+doneThe classroom is cleaned by us.教室被我们打扫。一般过去时was/ were+d

11、oneThe kite was made by him yesterday.昨天，风筝被他制作。现在进行时am/ is/ are+being+doneFlowers are being watered by her.花儿现在正在被她浇。现在完成时have/ has+been+doneThe work has been finished by Jim.工作已经被汤姆做完了。一般将来时will/ shall/ be going to+be doneTrees will be planted by them tomorrow.明天，树将被他们种。过去进行时was/ were+being+doneA

12、letter was being written by her at this time yesterday.昨天的这个时候一封信正在被写。过去完成时had+been+doneThe work had been finished by Jim.工作早已经被他完成了。含有情态动词can/ may/ must+be+doneHe can be found by me.他能被我发现。二、被动语态的用法1.不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。例：The bridge was built last year. 这座桥是去年被建的。He was elected chairman. 他被选为了主席。2.

13、当更加强调动作的承受者时。此时动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后，不需要时可以省略。例：The room hasnt been cleaned yet.房间还没有被打扫。The tiger was killedbyhim. 老虎被他杀死了。3.当动作的执行者不是人时，多用被动语态。例：The window was blownbywind.窗户被风吹开了。The whole village has been washed awaybythe flood. 整个村庄都被洪水冲走了。三点剖析一、考点：被动语态的句子结构和用法。二、重难点：谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义：1. 英语中有很多动词，如

14、break, catch, clean, drive, lock, open, sell, read, write, wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义，主语通常是物。例：This kind of cloth washes well. 这种布料很好洗。2. 表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come true, run out, give out, turn out 等，以主动形式表示被动意义。例：How do the newspapers come

15、 out? 这些报纸是如何出版的呢？3. 系动词没有被动形式，但感官系动词feel, sound, taste, look, smell在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。例：Your reason sounds reasonable. 你的理由听起来很合理。三、易错点：1. 在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, notice, hear等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，一定要记得还原介词to。例：The great news made her feel happy. 可改为： She was made to feel hap

16、py by the great news.Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为：A stranger was seen to walk into the building.2. 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词介词”，“动词副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。例：The meeting is to be put off till Friday. 这场会议将会被推迟到周五。3.“动词+宾语+宾补”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。例：Someone

17、 caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为：The boy was caught smoking a cigarette. 4. 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。例：His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为：He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.题模精讲题模一 主动语态变为被动语态例1.1、主动语态变为被动语态：I have b

18、ought a ten-speed bicycle._例1.2、主动语态变为被动语态：The old man is watering flowers in the garden._例1.3、主动语态变为被动语态：The boy always plays the computer games at night._题模二 基本用法例2.1、The boy _ to get supper ready after school.A、were toldB、is tellingC、was toldD、tells例2.2、This dictionary mustnt_ from the library.A、

19、take awayB、taken awayC、are taken awayD、be taken away随堂练习随练2.1、将下列句子变成被动语态。1. They threw away the old book yesterday_2. He had written a letter to his mother._3. People have seen the bear in this village._4. The workers are repairing the bridge._5. You shouldnt bring dictionary to the English exam._随

20、练2.2、This kind of books sells well. They_ already.A、sold outB、have sold outC、are sold outD、have been sold out随练2.3、-Your coat looks nice. Is it _ wool?-Yes. It is_ Australia.A、made of, make byB、made of, made inC、made for, made inD、made from, made by随练2.4、The pizza _ by my mother. Would you like to h

21、ave some?A、makesB、was makingC、madeD、was made随练2.5、The classroom must _ every day.A、be kept cleanB、be kept cleaningC、keep cleanedD、keeps clean随练2.6、Atalk on Chinese history_ in the school hall next week.A、is givenB、has been givenC、will be givenD、gives随练2.7、Our house_ now.A、is paintB、is being paintedC

22、、is got paintedD、has got to paint自我总结课后作业作业1、Father said that he _ me to Beijing the next year.A、tookB、would takeC、takesD、will take作业2、We were not sure whether they _ more vegetables.A、are going to growB、were going to growC、will growD、have grown作业3、-The plane is leaving right now, but Jim hasnt arri

23、ved yet.- Well, he said he _ here on time.A、cameB、can beC、would comeD、will be作业4、As soon as the baby saw her mother, she _.A、was going to cryB、cryedC、began to cryD、was crying作业5、用所给动词的适当形式填空1. I wasnt sure whether he _ (lend) me his book the next morning.2. He said that he _ (be) fifty-eight in two

24、years.3. She said she _ (start) at once.作业6、将下列句子变成被动语态。1. Have you posted the letters yet?_2. I must do all the exercise in time._3. We are discussing the project at the meeting._4. Every year our office holds a flower show in the park in April._5. He had finished the work by the end of last term._

25、作业7、Mary_ show me her new dictionary yesterday.A、was asked toB、has asked toC、is askedD、asks to作业8、ThePeoplesRepublicofChina_onOctober1,1949.A、foundB、wasfoundedC、isfoundedD、wasfound作业9、ThisEnglishsong _bythegirlsafterclass.A、oftensingsB、oftensangC、isoftensangD、isoftensung作业10、Waste papershouldnt _here.A、throwB、bethr