语法专题第三部分.docx

1、语法专题 第三部分考点一代词.语法填空考点聚焦考向1人称、物主与反身代词1On my recent visit，I held a lively threemonthold twin that had been rejected by (it) mother.(2016全国)答案its解析根据空格后的名词及上文中的a lively threemonthold twin可知要用形容词性物主代词。2A few hours before，Id been at home in Hong Kong，with (it) choking smog.Here，the air was clean and fres

2、h，even with the rain.(2015全国)答案its解析空格后面有名词smog，故要使用形容词性物主代词。3Now it occurred to (he) that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.(2015广东)答案him解析句意为：现在看来好像他的农场是非常有潜能的，奶牛的死也似乎给他带来了好运气。It occurred to sb.that.某人突然想到，固定句型，此句型中sb.为宾语，应用宾格形式，故填him。4Then the driver stoo

3、d up and asked，“Did anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？” A woman on the bus shouted，“Oh dear! Its (I)”(2014新课标全国)答案me/mine解析此题答案不唯一，要根据语境仔细揣摩。此处的it如果指前面的suitcase的话，那么此空需要使用名词性物主代词mine，表示“那个箱子是我的”；如果指前面的anyone的话，那么此空需要用I的宾格形式me，表示“是我在上一站丢失了手提箱”。5“Do you need those glasses for medical reasons？”th

4、e teacher asked.The new boy shook his head.Then he took off，gave a big smile and said，“Thats cool.”(2012广东)答案them解析根据语境可知，此处表示他(the new boy)摘下眼镜，故空格处指those glasses，作take off的宾语，且为复数形式，故填them。考向2it及替代词1Jonny：Keep holding your position for a while.It helps develop your strength and flexibility.Raise y

5、our leg and let stay in the air for seconds.(2014辽宁)答案it解析根据句意可知此处应该填入指代leg的代词。句意为：抬起腿，让它(it)在空中停一会儿。2Last year，my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation.Some of my friends who had been there before said was a wonderful holiday destination.(2014广东)答案it解析从空后的a wonderful holiday destination可知，这个地方

6、就是Miami，用it指代前面提到的地点。考向3不定代词1After the student left，the teacher let student taste the water.(2010广东)答案another解析句意为：在那个学生离开后，这位老师让另一位学生品尝泉水。another又一个，另一个。2After a while I rose from my seat and walked to the front of the bus.I sat next to the man and introduced myself.We had an amazing conversation.H

7、e got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home.Im glad I made the choice.It made of us feel good.(2011广东)答案both解析根据上文可知，空后的us指上文提到的“the man”和“I”，故此处指这使我们“两个人”都感到很好。.短文改错考点聚焦(每小题1处错误)考向1指代不一致1If we go on a trip abroad，we can broaden view and gain knowledge we cannot get fr

8、om books.(2016全国)解析考查形容词性物主代词的用法。根据前面的主语we可知，此处要用our，表示“我们能够开阔我们的视野”。2At first，I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by.(2016全国)解析考查反身代词。根据句意，此处指“我自己”。3When he came back，I found a bunch of flowers in hand.(2016四川)解析由前面的When he came back可知，这束花是在“他的(his)”手里。4We must find ways to protect

9、 environment.If we fail to do so，well live to regret it.(2015全国)解析依据前后句的语境及逻辑关系可知，your与上下文相悖，结合句意应当改为our/the才能使句意通顺。5As I told you last time，I made three new friends here.，but Im afraid Ill lose their friendship.What do you think I should do? If you were me，would you talk to？Please help me and give

10、me some advice.(2015四川)解析根据上文可知，此处指作者交的三个新朋友，故用them。句意为：你会和他们谈吗？6Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around.(2015浙江)解析由句意可知，此处代替前面的单数a beautiful park，故用it。考向2代词的缺失与误用1Five minutes later，Tony saw parents.(2015全国)解析根据句意及英语表达习惯，应当在parents前加上与主语Tom相一致的物主代词his。2I wanted to do s

11、pecial for him at his retirement party.(2015陕西)解析something一般用在肯定句中，表示“一些事”；anything一般用在疑问句和否定句中，表示“任何事”。3Its been three Saturdays now and it really costs me.(2015四川)解析根据句意可知，此处指的是花费很多钱，代指不可数名词，故用much而非many。4. of the arrows hit the target.Suddenly the arrows were flying down at us from the skythey we

12、re like rain！(2014陕西)解析从后面的“they were like rain”可知，射出去的箭不止两支，因此应把Neither改为None。5He had a deep voice，which set apart from others in our small town，and he was strong and powerful.(2013新课标全国)解析set的主语which指代a deep voice，而非he，故应用宾格him。6After thinking for some time，I let her copy my answers. But after the

13、 test， of us were called to the teachers office.(2013四川)解析由句意可知，us指的是前面提到的“我”和“她”两个人，故应用both。考点二冠词.语法填空考点聚焦考向1表特指的定冠词和表泛指的不定冠词1He owned farm，which looked almost abandoned.(2015广东) 答案a解析句意为：他拥有一个农场，这个农场看起来都快废弃了。a 是不定冠词，表示泛指“一个”，修饰可数名词单数。2She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on

14、top floor.(2014广东)答案the解析on the top floor在顶层。考向2固定结构中的冠词1On my recent visit，I held a lively threemonthold twin.The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottlefed， other is with mumshe never suspects.(2016全国)答案the解析由上文中的关键词twin，one可知这里考查one.the other.(一个

15、另一个)的用法。故答案为the。2Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for while，exercising，or doing something you enjoy.(2016全国)答案a解析让你的身体和思想休息一会儿。固定表达for a while一会儿。3The adobe dwellings(土坯房) built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even most modern of architects and engin

16、eers.(2015全国)答案the解析空格之后为形容词的最高级形式，故填定冠词。4In the beginning，there was only very small amount of unfairness in the world，but everyone added a little，always thinking that it was only small and not very important，and look where we have ended up today.(2013广东)答案a解析a small amount of少量的，为固定搭配。.短文改错考点聚焦(每小题

17、1处错误)考向1冠词的遗漏1But in that case，we will learn little about world.(2016全国)解析此处特指我们所生活的这个世界。2Every time he arrived home at end of the day，wed greet him at the door.(2016浙江)解析at the end of在结束时，为固定搭配。3I asked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked in kitchen.(2016四川)解析此处特指我们家的厨房。4Now I am living in

18、 a city，but I miss my home in countryside.There the air is clean and the mountains are green.(2015全国)解析in the countryside 在乡村，为固定短语。5On the right side of the class was the road.I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning.(2015浙江)解析in a hurry匆匆忙忙，为固定短语。6As result，the plants are

19、 growing everywhere.(2014新课标全国)解析as a result结果，为固定搭配。故as后应加a。考向2冠词的多用1At the first，I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by myself.(2016全国)解析at first 固定短语。2There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings.(2014新课标全国)解析此处为泛指，不表特指，故删除the。考向3冠词的误用1He liked it s

20、o much that he quickly walked into the shop.he turned around and found his parents were missing.Tony was scared and began to cry.A woman saw him crying and told him to wait outside shop.(2015全国)解析表示谈话双方共知的名词前要用定冠词。2Besides，Cleo tends to bark average of six hours a day.(2014辽宁)解析an average of.平均有，为固定

21、搭配。3Soon the firefighters will come and put out fire.(2014四川)解析结合语境和常识可知，有火灾发生消防员才会来救火，故此处特指上文提到的a fire，应用定冠词the。4That day I didnt learn much about animals，insects or trees，but I learnt impressive lesson about gravity！(2014陕西)解析“学到了印象深刻的一课”，故用不定冠词表“泛指”；impressive以元音音素开头，故a应改为an。考点三介词.语法填空考点聚焦考向1常见介词

22、的考查1Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia.In India，for example，most people traditionally eat their hands.(2016全国)答案with解析with ones hands 用某人的手。介词with意为“用”。2The mother continued to care for the young panda more than two years.(2016四川)答案for解析“for时间段”表示持续一段时间。熊猫妈妈对孩子的照顾会持续两年多。3For those who fly to

23、 Guilin，its only an hour away car and offers all the scenery of the betterknown city.(2015全国)答案by解析根据句意可知，此处表示“驱车只有一小时的路程”。“by交通工具名词”表示乘坐交通工具，为固定短语。4One day，the cow was eating grass when it began to rain heavily.While making great efforts to run away，she fell over the hill and died.Then the Johnsons

24、 tried to make a living the cow.(2015广东)答案without解析根据文意可知，奶牛在慌忙躲雨的时候，不小心摔死了，因此Johnson先生一家就不得不在没有了奶牛的情况下生活。故填without。5Nick replied，“The only reason a man would sell salt(1) a lower price would be because he was desperate for money.And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lac

25、k of respect (2) the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.”(2013广东)答案(1)at(2)for解析(1)at a lower price以较低的价格，故此处用介词at。(2)a lack of respect for the sweat and struggle缺乏对汗水和努力的尊重。考向2介词短语中的介词1When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough to

26、cool the house during the hot day： the same time，they warm up again for the night.(2015全国)答案at解析at the same time意为“同时”，是一个常用的介词短语。2When the bus finally came，we all hurried on board.I got a place next the window，so I had a good view of the sidewalk.(2014新课标全国)答案to解析此处是一个固定短语next to，意为“挨着”。考向3动词短语中的介词

27、1But my connection with pandas goes back my days on a TV show in the mid1980s.(2016全国)答案to解析go back to为固定短语，意为“回到，追溯到”。2Most of us are more focused our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.(2016全国)答案on解析我们中的很多人早晨的注意力要比一天中晚些时候的注意力更集中。be focused on专心于，集中于，为固定短语。3He sold or exchanged some

28、of the milk in the towns nearby other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what was left.(2015广东)答案for解析句意为：他去附近的镇里卖牛奶，或用牛奶换其他的食物。本句话中exchange 的意思是交换，根据句意可知，Johnson先生用牛奶换其他的食物。这里是用短语exchange.for.，故填介词for。4Peter：OK.Dont laugh me.I may look funny.(2014辽宁)答案at解析laugh at是固定搭配，意为“嘲笑，取笑”。5I

29、 didnt understand why this would happen and my credit card had already been charged the reservation.(2014广东)答案for解析联系空后的the reservation可以知道，“我”的信用卡已经为这次预订支付钱了。be charged for是固定搭配。.短文改错考点聚焦(每小题1处错误)考向1介词的遗漏1My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in a short period of time.(2016全国)解析固定短语dream

30、 of doing sth.意为“梦想做某事”。2We can lie on the grass for a rest，or sit by the lake listening music.(2014新课标全国)解析listen为不及物动词，后跟名词时应该加上介词to。3We appreciate your apologies and goodwill，but we hope that you can figure a good way of settling the matter.(2014辽宁)解析figure out制定出，为固定短语。4If you hear the alarm，stand in line at the door and wait your teacher to lead you outside.(2014四川)解析wait为不及物动词，后面跟宾语时应加介词for。5Then everyone in the carriage began searching the ticket，which was eventually found under a seat several rows from its owner.(2014浙江)