高级中学高中英语人教版必修五学案Unit 1 Learning about languageusing language.docx

1、高级中学高中英语人教版必修五学案Unit 1 Learning about languageusing language新课程标准高中英语必修五Unit 1Learning about language,using language一、学习目标1理解泛读语篇Copernicus revolutionary theory请同学们思考如下问题What are the differences between the two theories of the universe mentioned in the text?Why did Copernicus hide his theory for so

2、many years? Give your reasons. 2掌握该部分材料的语言知识。二、知识重难点1词汇cautious, reject, backwards, arise, contribute2句型Only if you put the sun there did the movement of the other planets in the sky make sense.Yet Copernicus theory is now the basis on which all our ideas of the universe are built.3短语rather than三、知识

3、梳理（重点单词和短语）1ignore v 忽视,不理 例： Ignore those boys and they will soon stop misbehaving.别理会那些男孩,他们过一会儿就不闹了.思维拓展： ignorance （of sth）（对某事物）无知ignorant （of sth）无知的，愚昧的，没有学识的，不知道的例：We are in complete ignorance of your plan我们对你的计划一无所知He is not stupid, but ignorant. 他并不愚蠢, 只是无知罢了.2cautious adj小心的,谨慎的 例： a caut

4、ious driver谨慎的司机 cautious of strangers 提防陌生人常用结构:be cautious about/with/of 小心的,谨慎的例：He was cautious when he was riding the bicycle.当他骑自行车的时候，他很小心。She was cautious of strangers. 她对陌生人很警惕。 3reject- v 拒绝接受 例：reject a gift 拒绝接受一份礼物a rejected candidate 遭到拒绝的候选人4backwards- adv 向后例：He looked backwards over

5、 his shoulder. 他回头向后看倒着,颠倒例：It is not easy to run backwards.倒着跑不容易5arise-v 呈现,出现,发生例：A new difficulty has arisen. 出现了新困难Use the money when the need arises.有需要时就使用这笔钱. 易混辨析: raise rise arise和 liftraise (vt.)(raised, raised ) 举起，抬起，使升起，说明主语发出的动作是要作用于其他事物的。饲养，养大 = keep例：His speech raised my interest .他

6、的讲话吸引了我. 常用短语:raise a subject 提出一个问题raise ones voice 提高嗓门raise a family 养家糊口raise money = collect money 筹款raise price 提高价格raise ones spirits 打起精神raise fish/chicken 养鸡/养鱼rise（vi.）(rose , risen )升起，上升，起立，说明主语自身移向较高的位置， 如；自然界的日月星辰雾云的上升，人体从睡，跪，坐，躺等姿势站立起来。不能跟宾语，不能用于被动语态；arise ( arose , arisen ) vi.发生，出现，

7、呈现，常用结构:arise out of / from 因某物而产生，造成，引起例：These are the problems arising out of the lack of communication . 这是因缺乏交流而出现的问题。lift (vt.)举起，是用力举起的意思。例： The boy lifted the stone at last. Salaries have now been raised.薪水现在已经增加了。The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.太阳东升西落。 6make sense 有意义,有道理,讲得通例

8、：What you say makes no sense.你说的话没有道理.是明智的,是和情理的 It does not make sense to buy that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good. 这些大衣也很好,何必非买那件贵的不可. 常用短语: make sense of 理解;弄懂 come to ones sense 苏醒过来 out of ones sense 发疯 in no sense 决不 in a / some sense 从某种意义上说 talk sense 说话有道理 a sense of

9、 humour 幽默感 There is no sense in doing sth. 做某事是没有意义的/作用的.7. contribute- v捐赠；贡献；投稿；提供常用短语:contribute to有助于；有益于；促成make a contribution to/towards，对作贡献例：Everyone should contribute three dollars to the Red Cross. 每位工人捐了3美元给红十字会。Everyone should contribute what he or she can afford. 人人都应该尽自己的能力作贡献。Ive bee

10、n asked to contribute an article to the language magazine. 有人请我给那份语言杂志撰篇稿。Fresh air and exercise contribute to good health. 新鲜空气和锻炼有益于健康。He made an outstanding contribution to science. 他对科学作出了卓越的贡献。四、知识点拨1易混内容 only if if only reject vrefuse vdeny v2指点迷津 表示只要,只有, 用于句首,后接从句,其主句要求部分倒装; 表示但愿,要是就好了,用于表示对

11、现在或将来的愿望或与过去事实相反的愿望,引导的句子用虚拟语气.例：Only if the red light comes on is there any danger to employees. 只要红灯一亮,就表示有危及职工的险情.If only he had remembered to buy some fruit.他当时要是记得买些水果该多好.If only it would stop raining.真希望雨能停. reject表示拒不接受不适当、不满足或厌恶的东西，如建议、计划、赠物、求婚、正义、忠告等，语气最强有时还含有“抛弃；剔除”等意思。只可接名词，主语只能是人。refuse是

12、普通用语，指坚决、果断甚至粗暴地对别人的要求、请求、引诱或帮助加以拒绝，后接名词、代词或不定式，主语可以是人或物。decline常指婉转的拒绝，近似汉语的谢绝，多表示对他人的邀请或提供的帮助谢绝。在与不定式连用时相当于一般的“拒绝”，可与refuse通用。例：He rejected their invitation point-blank.他直截了当地拒绝了他们的邀请。She refused his offer. 她拒绝了他的提议。The big clock refused to welcome the New Year.这只大钟不愿迎接新年。We asked him to come to o

13、ur party, but he declined (the invitation). 我们请他来赴宴，但他谢绝了。He declined to answer the question.他拒绝回答那个问题。（可用refuse）五、知识拓展Copernicus lifeMany thought he was crazy. Others thought he was a genius. Some even thought he was the devil. This mans name was Nicolaus Copernicus. This man understood important t

14、hings about our world, our solar system, and our universe.Nicolas Copernicus was born in Torun, Poland, on February 19, 1473. He was the youngest of four children.When Nicolaus was a young boy, just 10 years old, his father died. He and his brothers and sisters were brought up by his uncle, a prince

15、-bishop（中世纪采邑之主教）, so he had the advantage of being able to get a first-class education. in 1491, Nicolaus went to the University of Krakow. The university was one of the greatest in Europe at the time.Nicolaus later said that his studies at that university changed his life. At the university, he st

16、udied Latin, math, astronomy, geography, and philosophy. Copernicus placed the sun in the center of the system and made the earth a planet traveling around the sun. Today it is hard to imagine our solar system any other way, but in his time Copernicuss idea was earthshaking. It occurred to Copernicu

17、s as early as 1507, that tables of planetary positions could be calculated more easily if it were assumed that the sun, rather than the earth, were the center of the universe. This would mean that the earth itself, along with the other planets, would have to be considered as moving through space and

18、 revolving about the sun. This was not a new idea. Among the ancients, Aristarchus(阿里斯塔耳科斯) had suggested the notion, and not many years before the time of Copernicus, Nicholas of Cusa (尼哥拉) had made a similar suggestion. Copernicus was to do more than suggest, however. Beginning in 1512, he set abo

19、ut working out the system in full mathematical detail in order to demonstrate how planetary positions could be calculated on this new basis. As it turned out, the Copernican system explained some of the puzzling motions of the planets. The orbit of Venus(金星), according to the new system, would natur

20、ally never take the planet farther than a certain distance from the sun, as viewed from the earth, because the orbit of the planet lay closer to the sun than did the orbits of the earth. On the other hand, since the earth would have to be considered as traveling in a smaller orbit than those of Mars

21、, Jupiter(木星), and Saturn(土星), it would periodically overtake those planets and cause them to appear to be moving backward in the sky. In 1616 the church banned his book Revolutions because it contradicted （与发生冲突）the accepted notion that God placed the Earth in the center of the universe. Even thoug

22、h those who knew of his work considered his idea dangerous, Revolutions remained of interest to other scientists for many years. It took almost two hundred years for his concept of a sun-centered system to reach the general public. What Copernicus set out in his remarkable text truly revolutionized

23、science. For this, Copernicus, a quiet doctor who made a tremendous leap of imagination, is considered the father of the Scientific Revolution.A组课堂基础练习重点词汇及拓展1) _ (n. 特征，特性) 2) _ (adj. 科学的)3) _ (v. 分析) 4）_ (adj./n. 熟练的；专家，行家) 5) _ (n. 医生，内科医师) 6) _ ( vt./n. 挑战；向挑战) 7) _ ( n. 附近，临近) 8) foresee _ (过去式

24、) _ (过去分词)9) _ (vt. 宣布，通告) _ (n. 宣布，通告)10) contribute(vt./vi. 捐献，捐助) _ (n. 贡献) 11) _ (adj. 积极的，肯定的，确实的) 12) _ (adj. 热情的，热心的)13) _ (adj. 小心的，谨慎的) 14) _ (n. 宇宙，世界) 15) _ (adj. 严重的，剧烈的，严厉的)B组课外拓展练习完型填空：(1) _ around us, we can see many of Edisons inventions. The electricity (2) _ in our rooms is one of

25、his greatest inventions. He developed the telephone which rings in our rooms. Records playing songs and music were also invented by him. In addition to these inventions, he also made the first (3) _ pictures.It wasnt always easy for Edison (4) _ new things. It was very difficult for him to make the

26、first electric lights. He needed to make hundreds of tests. At first, it wasnt easy for him to find the right materials, but at last he did, and the world became brighter.Though (5) _ in everything, Edison took interest in electricity most of all. He wants to know (6) _ it. He worked very hard to fi

27、nd possible ways to use it.Edisons experiments with electricity (7) _ the world greatly. Today, with great trains (8)_ on electricity, we can travel much faster. With our homes and the streets of town and village (9) _ by electric lamps, we live a comfortable life. Radio and television run on it. Sc

28、ience uses it every day.Though (10) _ how to explain electricity now, we have learned to use it in many ways. Records, shining lights and ringing telephones are very common now. Edisons inventions have kept the world warm.Fill in the blanks with the best answers:1.A. If looking B. If looked C. Wheth

29、er looking D. Whether looked2.A. to shine B. shine C. shining D. shone3.A. to move B. move C. moving D. moved4.A. to find B. find C. finding D. found5.A. interested B. interesting C. interest D. interests6.A. how to use B. how using C. what to use D. what using7.A. has changed B. have changed C. hav

30、ing changed D. have been changed8.A. to run B. ran C. run D. running9.A. to light B. light C. lit D. lighting10.A. not known B. not knowing C. known as D. knowing not阅读理解： AOne night in February 1962, John H. Glenn. Jr., flew over Australia. The man in the Mercury(水星) capsule（宇宙飞行容器）was alone, but f

31、riendly voices reached him by radio. On the dark land 100 miles below, he saw a sprinkling of light. They marked the city of Perth, where people had turned on their lights as a greeting to him.In Friendship7, Glenn radioed, “The lights show up very well. Thank for everybody for turning them on.” His capsule raced on to the east.During his three orbits of the e