大学英语四级模拟真题与解析仔细阅读合集二.docx

1、大学英语四级模拟真题与解析仔细阅读合集二大学英语四级2021年模拟真题与解析：仔细阅读合集（一）Since we are social beings, the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our interpersonal relationships. One strength of the human condition is our tendency to give and receive support from one another under stressful circumstances. Social sup

2、port consists of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties. Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to cope with major life changes and daily hassles(困难). People with strong social ties live longer and have better health than those without such ties.

3、 Studies over a range of illnesses, from depression to heart disease, reveal that the presence of social support helps people fend off(挡开) illness, and the absence of such support makes poor health more likely.Social support cushions stress in a number of ways. First, friends, relatives, and co-work

4、ers may let us know that they value us. Our self-respect is strengthened when we feel accepted by others despite our faults and difficulties. Second, other people often provide us with informational support. Third, we typically find social companionship supportive. Engaging in leisure-time activitie

5、s with others helps us to meet our social needs while at the same time distracting(转移意力) us from our worries and troubles. Finally, other people may give us instrumental supportfinancial aid, material resources, and needed servicesthat reduces stress by helping us resolve and cope with our problems.

6、1.Interpersonal relationships are important because _.A. they are indispensable to peoples social well-beingB. they awaken peoples desire to exchange resourcesC. they help people to cope with life in the information eraD. they can cure a range of illnesses such as heart disease, etc【答案】A2.Research s

7、hows that peoples physical and mental health _.A. relies on the social welfare system which support themB. has much to do with the amount of support they get from othersC. depends on their ability to deal with daily worries and troublesD. is closely related to their strength for coping with major ch

8、anges in their lives【答案】B3.Which of the following is closest to the word “cushions” (Line 1, Para.2)?A. Adds up to.B. Does away with.C. Lessens the effect of.D. Lays the foundation for.【答案】C4.Helping a sick neighbor with some repair work is an example of _.A. instrumental supportB. informational sup

9、portC. social companionshipD. the strengthening of self-respect【答案】A5.Social companionship is beneficial that _.A. it helps strengthen our ties with relativesB. it enables us to eliminate our faults and mistakesC. it makes our leisure-time activities more enjoyableD. it draws our attention away from

10、 our worries and troubles【答案】D（二）On average, American kids aging 3 to 12 spent 19 hours a week in school, eight hours more than they did in 1981. They also did more household work and participated in more of such organized activities as soccer and ballet(芭蕾舞). Involvement in sports; girls log hall t

11、hat time. All in all, however, childrens leisure time dropped from 40% of the day in 1981 to 25%.“Children are affected by the same time crunch(危机) that affects their parents,” says Sandra Hofferth, who headed the recent study of children s timetable.A chief reason, she says, is that more mothers ar

12、e working outside the home. (Nevertheless, children in both double-income and “male breadwinner” households spent comparable amounts of time interacting with their parents, 19 hours and 22 hours respectively. In contrast, children spent only 9 hours with their single mothers.) All work and no play c

13、ould make for some very messed-up kids. “Play is the most powerful way a child explores the world and learns about himself,” says T. Berry Brazelton, professor at Harvard Medical School Unstructured play encourages independent thinking and allows the young to negotiate their relationships with their

14、 peers, but kids aging 3 to 12 spent only 12 hours a week engaged in it.The children sampled spent a quarter of their rapidly decreasing “free time” watching television. But that, believe it or not, was one of the findings parents might regard as good news. If theyre spending less time in front of t

15、he TV set, however, kids arent replacing it with reading. Despite efforts to get kids more interested in books, the children spent just over an hour a week reading. Lets face it, whos got the time?1.By mentioning “the same time crunch” (Para.2), Sandra Hofferth means _.A. children have little time t

16、o play with their parentsB. children are not taken good care of by their working parentsC. both parents and children suffer from lack of leisure timeD. both parents and children have trouble managing their time【答案】C2.According to the author, the reason given by Sandra Hofferth for the time crunch is

17、 _.A. quite convincingB. partially trueC. totally groundlessD. rather confusing【答案】D3.According to the author a child develops better if _.A. he has plenty of time reading and studyingB. he is left to play with his peers in his own wayC. he has more time participating in school activitiesD. he is fr

18、ee to interact with his working parents【答案】B4.The author is concerned about the fact that American kids _.A. are engaged in more and more structured activitiesB. are increasingly neglected by their working mothersC. are spending more and more time watching TVD. are involved less and less in househol

19、d work【答案】A5.We can infer from the passage that _.A. extracurricular activities promote childrens intelligenceB. more children will turn to reading with TV sets switched offC. efforts to get kids interested in reading have been fruitfulD. most parents believe reading to be beneficial to children【答案】

20、D（三）Professor Smith recently persuaded 35 people, 23 of them women, to keep a diary of all their absent-minded actions for a fortnight. When he came to analyze their embarrassing lapses(差错) in a scientific report, he was surprised to find that nearly all of them fell into a few groupings. Nor did th

21、e lapses appear to be entirely random(随机的).One of the women, for instance, on leaving her house for work one morning threw her dog her earrings and tried to fix a dog biscuit on her ear, “the explanation for this is that the brain is like a computer,” explains the professor. “People program themselv

22、es to do certain activities regularly. It was the womans custom every morning to throw her dog two biscuits and then put on her earrings. But somehow the action got reversed in the program.” About one in twenty of the incidents the volunteers reported were these “program assembly failures”.Altogethe

23、r the volunteers logged 433 unintentional actions that they found themselves doingan average of twelve each. There appear to be peak periods in the day when we are at our zaniest(荒谬可笑的). These are two hours some time between eight a.m. and noon, between four and six p.m. with a smaller peak between

24、eight and ten p.m. “Among men the peak seems to be when a changeover in brain programs occurs, as for instance between going to and from work.” Women on average reported slightly more lapses12.5 compared with 10.9 for menprobably because they were more reliable reporters.A startling finding of the r

25、esearch is that the absent-minded activity is a hazard of doing things in which we are skilled. Normally, you would expect that skill reduces the number of errors we make. But trying to avoid silly slips by concentrating more could make things a lot worseeven dangerous.1.In his study Professor Smith

26、 asked the subjects _.A. to keep track of people who tend to forget thingsB. to report their embarrassing lapses at randomC. to analyze their awkward experiences scientificallyD. to keep a record of what they did unintentionally【答案】D2.Professor Smith discovered that _.A. certain patterns can be iden

27、tified in the recorded incidentsB. many people were too embarrassed to admit their absent-mindednessC. men tend to be more absent-minded than womenD. absent-mindedness is an excusable human weakness【答案】A3.“Program assembly failures” (Para.2) refers to the phenomenon that people _.A. often fail to pr

28、ogram their routines beforehandB. tend to make mistakes when they are in a hurryC. unconsciously change the sequence of doing thingsD. are likely to mess things up if they are too tired【答案】C4.We learn from the third paragraph that _.A. absent-mindedness tends to occur during certain hours of the day

29、B. women are very careful to perform actions during peak periodsC. women experience more peak periods of absent-mindednessD. mens absent-mindedness often results in funny situations【答案】A5.It can be concluded from the passage that _.A. people should avoid important things, during peak periods of laps

30、esB. hazards can be avoided when people do things they are good atC. people should be careful when programming their actionsD. lapses cannot always be attributed to lack of concentration【答案】D（四）About six years ago I was eating lunch in a restaurant in New York City when a woman and a young boy sat d

31、own at the next table, I couldnt help overhearing parts of their conversation. At one point the woman asked: “So, how have you been?” And the boy who could not have been more than seven or eight years old replied, “Frankly, Ive been feeling a little depressed lately.”This incident stuck in my mind because it confirmed my growing belief that children are changing. As far as I can remember, my friends and I didnt find out we were “depressed” until we were in high school.The evidence of a change in