考研英语真题及答案解析文都何老师.docx

1、考研英语真题及答案解析文都何老师2013考研英语真题及答案解析：难度稍降分数线预计持平 2012年英语已经结束，考研辅导专家第一时间为你提供真题解析，以帮助广大考生及时估分查询，希望考生能顺利进入复试，最终考上理想的大学。英语试题的整体难度今年的英语试题，参比2011年难度上是持平的，但是有些试题的难度要比2011年的前70分要容易一些。英语写作部分今年英语(一)的写作完全在教育部出题老师的指导下，让所有2012年的考生能够把自己的目光还原到我们的大学，大学生活，提示中可看到今年小作文的考题实际是让同学像有些国际学生，一些留学生要来我们的学校，作为我们来讲是东道主，我们是主人，应该向他们提供我

2、们的一些建议，希望他们能够更好的完成学业，这个话题真的是司空见惯，而且以前的高考和四六级模拟中经常看到，所以，这道题难度不大。今年英语(一)的大作文可能让同学们感到比较头疼，看到这个题目同学们不知道如何下手，有很多同学都喜欢看一些中央电视台的百家讲坛，其中，有一个非常非常不错的女老师就是于丹老师曾经在百家讲坛说过一句话，就是我们人生应该如何面对，我们应该以什么态度去体会我们真正生活存在的空间。英语(二)的小作文相对去年来说要难一些，今年小作文考的是投诉信，全世界所有需要考英语的学生们，其中有很多人他们需要考信件，但是据了解有很多全世界各国要考英语信件的同学们，他们有一个共识，信件方面最难写的其

3、实就是投诉信;所以，英语(二)的小作文比英语(一)的小作文难一些。分数线预测今年考题和去年考题进行大致比对后，分数线在某种意义上是持平，有些题目要容易一些，但是不能乐观的分析今年的分数线，因为165万多人去考研，比去年增加很多，可是在扩招的整个名额中并没有多了多少，所以，还是保持谨慎乐观，还是以去年的分数线参照。2013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题Section Use of EnglishPeople are, on the whole, poor at considering background information when making individual decisi

4、ons. At first glance this might seem like a strength that 1 the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by 2 factors. But Dr. Uri Simonsohn speculated that an inability to consider the big 3 was leading decision-makers to be biased by the daily samples of information they were working with. 4 ,

5、 he theorised that a judge 5 of appearing too soft 6 crime might be more likely to send someone to prison 7 he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to probation on that day.To 8 this idea, he turned to the university-admissions process. In theory, the 9 of an applicant should not

6、depend on the few others 10 randomly for interview during the same day, but Dr Simonsohn suspected the truth was 11 .He studied the results of 9,323 MBA interviews, 12 by 31 admissions officers. The interviewers had 13 applicants on a scale of one to five. This scale 14 numerous factors into conside

7、ration. The scores were 15 used in conjunction with an applicants score on the Graduate Management Admission Test, or GMAT, a standardised exam which is 16 out of 800 points, to make a decision on whether to accept him or her.Dr Simonsohn found if the score of the previous candidate in a daily serie

8、s of interviewees was 0.75 points or more higher than that of the one 17 that, then the score for the next applicant would 18 by an average of 0.075 points. This might sound small, but to 19 the effects of such a decrease a candidate would need 30 more GMAT points than would otherwise have been 20 .

9、1.A grant B submits C transmits D delivers2.A minor Bobjective C crucial D external3.A issue B vision C picture D moment4.A For example B On average C In principleD Above all5.A fond Bfearful C capable D thoughtless6.A in B on C to D for7.A if Buntil C though D unless8.A promote Bemphasize C share D

10、 test9.A decision B quality C status D success10.A chosen Bstupid Cfound D identified 11.A exceptional B defensible C replaceable D otherwise12.A inspired Bexpressed C conducted D secured13.A assigned Brated C matched D arranged14.A put Bgot Cgave D took15.Ainstead Bthen C ever D rather16.Aselected

11、Bpassed C marked D introduced17.Abefore B after C above D below18.A jump B float C drop D fluctuate19.Aachieve Bundo C maintain Ddisregard20. A promising B possible C necessary D helpfulSection Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text

12、by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada, Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scold her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesnt affect her. Priestly explains how the deep blue color o

13、f the assistants sweater descended over the years from fashion shows to department stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment.This top-down conception of the fashion business couldnt be more out of date or at odds with feverish world described in Overdressed, El

14、izabeth Clines three-year indictment of “fast fashion”. In the last decades or so, advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara, H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely. Quckier turnrounds mean less wasted inventory, more frequent r

15、eleases, and more profit. Those labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposal meant to last only a wash or two, although they dont advertise thatand to renew their wardrobe every few weeks. By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijac

16、ked fashion cycles, shaking all industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace.The victims of this revolution, of course, are not limited to designers. For H&M to offer a 5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2300-plus stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage, overseas labor, order in volumes that st

17、rain natural resources, and use massive amount of harmful chemicals.Overdressed is the fashion worlds answer to consumer activist bestsellers like Michael Pollans The Omnivores Dilemma. Mass-produced clothing, like fast food, fills a hunger and need, yet is non-durable, and wasteful,” Cline argues,

18、Americans, she finds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a yearabout 64 items per personand no matter how much they give away, this excess leads to waste.Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named SKB, who, since 2008 has make all of her own clothesand beautifull

19、y. But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her example, cant be knocked off.Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environmentincluding H&M, with its green Conscious Collection LineCline believes lasting

20、-change can only be effected by the customer. She exhibits the idealism common to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy. Vanity is a constant; people will only start shopping more sustainably when they cant afford to it.21. Priestly criticizes her assistant for herA poor barga

21、ining skill. B insensitivity to fashion.C obsession with high fashion.Dlack of imagination.22. According to Cline, mass-maket labels urge consumers toA combat unnecessary waste. B shut out the feverish fashion world.C resist the influence of advertisements.D shop for their garments more frequently.2

22、3. The word “indictment” (Line 3, Para.2) is closest in meaning toA accusation.B enthusiasm.C indifference.D tolerance.24. Which of the following can be inferred from the lase paragraphA Vanity has more often been found in idealists. B The fast-fashion industry ignores sustainability.C People are mo

23、re interested in unaffordable garments.D Pricing is vital to environment-friendly purchasing.25. What is the subject of the textA Satire on an extravagant lifestyle. B Challenge to a high-fashion myth.C Criticism of the fast-fashion industry.D Exposure of a mass-market secret.Text 2An old saying has

24、 it that half of all advertising budgets are wasted-the trouble is, no one knows which half . In the internet age, at least in theory ,this fraction can be much reduced . By watching what people search for, click on and say online, companies can aim “behavioural” ads at those most likely to buy.In t

25、he past couple of weeks a quarrel has illustrated the value to advertisers of such fine-grained information: Should advertisers assume that people are happy to be tracked and sent behavioural ads Or should they have explicit permissionIn December 2010 Americas Federal Trade Cornmission (FTC) propose

26、d adding a do not track (DNT) option to internet browsers ,so that users could tell adwertisers that they did not want to be followed .Microsofts Internet Explorer and Apples Safari both offer DNT ;Googles Chrome is due to do so this year. In February the FTC and Digltal Adwertising Alliance (DAA) a

27、greed that the industry would get cracking on responging to DNT requests.On May 31st Microsoft Set off the row: It said that Internet Explorer 10,the version due to appear windows 8, would have DNT as a default.It is not yet clear how advertisers will respond. Geting a DNT signal does not oblige any

28、one to stop tracking, although some companies have promised to do so. Unable to tell whether someone really objects to behavioural ads or whether they are sticking with Microsofts default, some may ignore a DNT signal and press on anyway.Also unclear is why Microsoft has gone it alone. Atter all, it

29、 has an ad business too, which it says will comply with DNT requests, though it is still working out how. If it is trying to upset Google, which relies almost wholly on default will become the norm. DNT does not seem an obviously huge selling point for windows 8-though the firm has compared some of

30、its other products favourably with Googles on that count before. Brendon Lynch, Microsofts chief privacy officer, bloggde:we believe consumers should have more control. Could it really be that simple26. It is suggested in paragraph 1 that “behavioural” ads help advertisers to:A ease competition amon

31、g themselvesB lower their operational costsC avoid complaints from consumers Dprovide better online services27. “The industry” (Line 6,Para.3) refers to:A online advertisers B e-commerce conductorsC digital information analysisDinternet browser developers28. Bob Liodice holds that setting DNT as a defaultA many cut the number of junk ads B fails to affect the ad industryC will not benefit consumers Dgoes