研究生公共英语B册长难句复习题目.docx

1、研究生公共英语B册长难句复习题目Unit 1 party politics 课文后p10-12 的十道paraphrase句子，加上以下的8句，计18句1.These people have been socializing happily every working day of their lives, give or take a few melees, rumors, and complaint petitions. (paragraph 1)2.Out of the natural goodness of its corporate heart and the spirit of t

2、he holiday season, the company wishes only to give its employees a roaring good time, and the employees, out of loyalty and the thrill of getting to know their bosses off-duty as equals, delight in the opportunity.(paragraph 3)3.The people who do the planning are paid for their trouble, so those who

3、 benefit need not consider they have incurred a debt. (p5)4.But etiquettes solution of having everyone greeted in a receiving line was rejected as too stiff. So one can hardly blame employees for recalling a long-ingrained principle of the workplace: seeing the boss and having a good time are best n

4、ot scheduled at the same time.(P 8)5.More serious is the fact that, in spite of the liquor and high spirits, it still counts as sexual harassment when anyone with supervisory powers makes unreciprocated overtures to a lower-ranking employee.(p11)6. In one evening, they manage to cut through the enti

5、re hierarchy and procedures the boss has painstakingly established for the purpose of being spared this kind of importuning.(p13)7It is often erroneously assumed that the style of the party ought to be what employees are used to: their own kind of music, food, and other things the executive level be

6、lieves itself to have outgrown. (P 23) 8.And the real opportunity for career advancement is not petitioning a boss but rescuing one who has been cornered or stranded, thus demonstrating that one knows how to talk charmingly about nonbusiness matters. (p24) Unit 2 New singles 1.The Single, long a sto

7、ck figure in stories, songs and personal ads, was traditionally someone at the margins of society: a figure of fun, pity or awe. (P1)2.The communications revolution, the shift from a business culture of stability to one of mobility and the mass entry of women into the workforce have wreaked havoc on

8、 Europeans private lives. （ para 3）3. But an increasing number of Europeans are choosing to be so at an ever-earlier age. This isnt the stuff of gloomy philosophical meditations, but a fact of Europes new economic landscape, embraced by demographers, real estate developers and ad executives alike.(p

9、3)4.The current generation of home-aloners came of age during Europes shift from social democracy to the sharper, more individualistic climate of American-style capitalism. P55. Once upon a time, people who lived alone tended to be those on either side of marriage.P66.While pensioners, particularly

10、elderly women, make up a hefty proportion of those living alone, the newest crop of singles are high earners in their 30s and 40s who increasingly view living alone as a lifestyle choice. P67. Just shy of 50, she says shed never have wanted to do what her mother did-give up a career to raise a famil

11、y. P78.In London, luxury complexes with tiny flats, gyms and easy access to urban pleasures are springing up for young and driven professionals. P109.And divorced or widowed people who hook up later in life tend to have set ways and long personal histories with the requisite complications. P1310.The

12、 move from cozy families to urban singledom opens new vistas for marketers. In the past, the Holy Grail for advertisers was the couple with 2.3 children. P1411. Its a marketing mans dream: a demographic with the anxieties of teenagers and the bank accounts of the middle-aged. P1512. Nightly group di

13、nners aret mandatory, though people do have to pitch in and cook for a week every two months P17Unit 3 doctors dilemma1. Medical advances in wonder drugs, daring surgical procedures, radiation therapies, and intensive-care units have brought new life to thousands of people. Yet to many of them, mode

14、rn medicine has become a double-edged sword.(from paragraph 1 )2. Doctors power to treat with an array of space-age techniques has outstripped the bodys capacity to heal. (from paragraph 2 )3. Most often it is at the two extremes of life that these difficult ethical questions ariseat the beginning f

15、or the very sick newborn and at the end for the dying patients(from paragraph 6 )4. The dilemma posed by modern medical technology has created the growing new discipline of bioethics. (from paragraph 7 )5. More than a dozen states recognize “living wills” in which the patients leave instructions to

16、doctors not to prolong life by feeding them intravenously or by other methods if their illness becomes hopeless. (from paragraph 10 )6. Meanwhile, the hospice movement, with its emphasis on providing comfortnot cureto the dying patient, has gained momentum in many areas. (from paragraph 10 )7. Ethic

17、ists also fear that under the guise of medical decisions not to treat certain patients, death may become too easy, pushing the country toward the acceptance of euthanasia. (from paragraph 12 )8. At the other end of the life span, technology has so revolutionized newborn care that it is no longer cle

18、ar when human life is viable outside the womb. (from paragraph 14 )9. “But I feel strongly that retardation or the fact that someone is going to be less than perfect is not good grounds for allowing an infant to die.” (from paragraph 16 )10. The current trend is toward nontreatment as doctors grappl

19、e with questions not just of who should get care but when to take therapy away. (from paragraph 19 )11. Since 1972, Americans have enjoyed unlimited access to a taxpayer-supported, kidney-dialysis program that offers life-prolonging therapy to all patients with kidney failure. (from paragraph 23 )12

20、. Burn unitsthough extremely effectivealso provide very expensive therapy for very few patients. (from paragraph 24 )13. As medical scientists push back the frontiers of therapy, the moral dilemma will continue to grow for doctors and patients alike, making the choice of to treat or not to treat the

21、 basic question in modern medicine. (from paragraph 25 )Unit 4 culture patterning of space 1.Spatial consciousness in many Western cultures is based on a perception of objects in space, rather than of space itself. Westerners perceive shapes and dimensions, in which space is a realm of light, color,

22、 sight, and touch.P12.It was only when the intellectually crude Roman culture became influenced by the abstract thinking of Greek culture that the Latin language developed a significant vocabulary of abstract, non-spatial terms. P1 3Thus although Americans are taught to perceive and react to the arr

23、angement of objects in space and to think of space as being wasted unless it is filled with objects, the Japanese are trained to give meaning to space itself and to value empty space.P24. It is amazing to Americans how anyone gets around, yet Parisians seem to do well. P35.Edward Hall, in The Silent

24、 Language, suggests that the layout of space characteristic of French cities is only one aspect of the theme of centralization that characterizes French culture. P36.Another aspect of the cultural patterning of space concerns the functions of spaces. In middle-class America, specific spaces are desi

25、gnated for specific activities. Any intrusion of one activity into a space that it was not designed for is immediately felt as inappropriate.（unit 4para 4）7.This pattern of spatial perception among the Hopi seems to be similar to their pattern of time perception, in which periods of time are not see

26、n as separate pieces of duration, as they are in the Western cultures, but are integrated as pieces of a connected pattern. P59.Spaces in India are segregated so that high caste and low caste, males and females, secular and sacred activities are kept apart. The pattern has been used for thousands of

27、 years, as demonstrated by the archaeological evidence uncovered in ancient Indian cities.P48.Anthropologists studying various cultures as a whole have seen a connection in the way they view both time and space.P510.Spatial perceptions may be adaptations to specific environments: the degree of popul

28、ation density; the amount of arable land; the absence or existence of natural barriers such as the sea or mountains; the amount of distinguishing landmarks in a region.P611. People from different cultures may unconsciously infringe on each others sense of space.P7 Unit 9 animal emotions 1. Swimming

29、off the coast of Argentina, a female right whale singles out just one of the suitors that are hotly pursuing her.P12. After mating, the two cetaceans linger side by side , stroking one another with their flippers and finally rolling together in what looks like an embrace.P13. Many scientists also sa

30、y that it is impossible to prove animals have emotions using standard scientific methods-repeatable observations that can be manipulated in controlled experiments- leading them to conclude that such feelings must not exist.P44.Still, the idea of animals feeling emotions remains controversial among m

31、any scientists. Researchers skepticism is fueled in part by their professional aversion to anthropomorphism, the very nonscientific tendency to attribute human qualities to nonhumans.P45. Today, however, amid mounting evidence to the contrary, “the tide is turning radically and rapidly,” says Bekoff

32、, who is at the forefront of this movement. P45.Even the most strident skeptics of animal passion agree that many creatures experience fear-which some scientists define as a primary emotion that contrasts with secondary emotions such as love and grief. P56. Essential to escape predators and other dangers, fear- and its predictable flight, fight, or freeze responses- seems to be hard-wired into many species.P57.Yet because feelings are intangible, and so tough to study scientifically, “most researchers dont even want to talk about