研究生公共英语B册长难句复习题目.docx

研究生公共英语B册长难句复习题目.docx

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研究生公共英语B册长难句复习题目

Unit1partypolitics

课文后p10-12的十道paraphrase句子，加上以下的8句，计18句

1.Thesepeoplehavebeensocializinghappilyeveryworkingdayoftheirlives,giveortakeafewmelees,rumors,andcomplaintpetitions.

（paragraph1）

2.Outofthenaturalgoodnessofitscorporateheartandthespiritoftheholidayseason,thecompanywishesonlytogiveitsemployeesaroaringgoodtime,andtheemployees,outofloyaltyandthethrillofgettingtoknowtheirbossesoff-dutyasequals,delightintheopportunity.（paragraph3）

3.Thepeoplewhodotheplanningarepaidfortheirtrouble,sothosewhobenefitneednotconsidertheyhaveincurredadebt.（p5）

4.Butetiquette’ssolutionofhavingeveryonegreetedinareceivinglinewasrejectedastoostiff.Soonecanhardlyblameemployeesforrecallingalong-ingrainedprincipleoftheworkplace:

seeingthebossandhavingagoodtimearebestnotscheduledatthesametime.（P8）

5.Moreseriousisthefactthat,inspiteoftheliquorandhighspirits,itstillcountsassexualharassmentwhenanyonewithsupervisorypowersmakesunreciprocatedoverturestoalower-rankingemployee.（p11）

6.Inoneevening,theymanagetocutthroughtheentirehierarchyandproceduresthebosshaspainstakinglyestablishedforthepurposeofbeingsparedthiskindofimportuning.（p13）

7．Itisoftenerroneouslyassumedthatthestyleofthepartyoughttobewhatemployeesareusedto:

theirownkindofmusic,food,andotherthingstheexecutivelevelbelievesitselftohaveoutgrown.（P23）

8.Andtherealopportunityforcareeradvancementisnotpetitioningabossbutrescuingonewhohasbeencorneredorstranded,thusdemonstratingthatoneknowshowtotalkcharminglyaboutnon－businessmatters.（p24）

Unit2Newsingles

1.TheSingle,longastockfigureinstories,songsandpersonalads,wastraditionallysomeoneatthemarginsofsociety:

afigureoffun,pityorawe.（P1）

2.Thecommunicationsrevolution,theshiftfromabusinesscultureofstabilitytooneofmobilityandthemassentryofwomenintotheworkforcehavewreakedhavoconEuropeans’privatelives..（para3）

3.ButanincreasingnumberofEuropeansarechoosingtobesoatanever-earlierage.Thisisn’tthestuffofgloomyphilosophicalmeditations,butafactofEurope’sneweconomiclandscape,embracedbydemographers,real–estatedevelopersandadexecutivesalike.（p3）

4.Thecurrentgenerationofhome-alonerscameofageduringEurope’sshiftfromsocialdemocracytothesharper,moreindividualisticclimateofAmerican-stylecapitalism.P5

5.Onceuponatime,peoplewholivedalonetendedtobethoseoneithersideofmarriage.P6

6.Whilepensioners,particularlyelderlywomen,makeupaheftyproportionofthoselivingalone,thenewestcropofsinglesarehighearnersintheir30sand40swhoincreasinglyviewlivingaloneasalifestylechoice.P6

7.Justshyof50,shesaysshe’dneverhavewantedtodowhathermotherdid-giveupacareertoraiseafamily.P7

8.InLondon,luxurycomplexeswithtinyflats,gymsandeasyaccesstourbanpleasuresarespringingupforyounganddrivenprofessionals.P10

9.Anddivorcedorwidowedpeoplewhohookuplaterinlifetendtohavesetwaysandlongpersonalhistorieswiththerequisitecomplications.P13

10.Themovefromcozyfamiliestourbansingledomopensnewvistasformarketers.Inthepast,theHolyGrailforadvertiserswasthecouplewith2.3children.P14

11.It'samarketingman'sdream:

ademographicwiththeanxietiesofteenagersandthebankaccountsofthemiddle-aged.P15

12.Nightlygroupdinnersare’tmandatory,thoughpeopledohavetopitchinandcookforaweekeverytwomonthsP17

Unit3doctor’sdilemma

1.Medicaladvancesinwonderdrugs,daringsurgicalprocedures,radiationtherapies,andintensive-careunitshavebroughtnewlifetothousandsofpeople.Yettomanyofthem,modernmedicinehasbecomeadouble-edgedsword.（fromparagraph1）

2.Doctor’spowertotreatwithanarrayofspace-agetechniqueshasoutstrippedthebody’scapacitytoheal.（fromparagraph2）

3.Mostoftenitisatthetwoextremesoflifethatthesedifficultethicalquestionsarise—atthebeginningfortheverysicknewbornandattheendforthedyingpatients（fromparagraph6）

4.Thedilemmaposedbymodernmedicaltechnologyhascreatedthegrowingnewdisciplineofbioethics.（fromparagraph7）

5.Morethanadozenstatesrecognize“livingwills”inwhichthepatientsleaveinstructionstodoctorsnottoprolonglifebyfeedingthemintravenouslyorbyothermethodsiftheirillnessbecomeshopeless.（fromparagraph10）

6.Meanwhile,thehospicemovement,withitsemphasisonprovidingcomfort—notcure—tothedyingpatient,hasgainedmomentuminmanyareas.（fromparagraph10）

7.Ethicistsalsofearthatundertheguiseofmedicaldecisionsnottotreatcertainpatients,deathmaybecometooeasy,pushingthecountrytowardtheacceptanceofeuthanasia.（fromparagraph12）

8.Attheotherendofthelifespan,technologyhassorevolutionizednewborncarethatitisnolongerclearwhenhumanlifeisviableoutsidethewomb.（fromparagraph14）

9.“ButIfeelstronglythatretardationorthefactthatsomeoneisgoingtobelessthanperfectisnotgoodgroundsforallowinganinfanttodie.”（fromparagraph16）

10.Thecurrenttrendistowardnontreatmentasdoctorsgrapplewithquestionsnotjustofwhoshouldgetcarebutwhentotaketherapyaway.（fromparagraph19）

11.Since1972,Americanshaveenjoyedunlimitedaccesstoataxpayer-supported,kidney-dialysisprogramthatofferslife-prolongingtherapytoallpatientswithkidneyfailure.（fromparagraph23）

12.Burnunits—thoughextremelyeffective—alsoprovideveryexpensivetherapyforveryfewpatients.（fromparagraph24）

13.Asmedicalscientistspushbackthefrontiersoftherapy,themoraldilemmawillcontinuetogrowfordoctorsandpatientsalike,makingthechoiceoftotreatornottotreatthebasicquestioninmodernmedicine.（fromparagraph25）

Unit4culturepatterningofspace

1.SpatialconsciousnessinmanyWesternculturesisbasedonaperceptionofobjectsinspace,ratherthanofspaceitself.Westernersperceiveshapesanddimensions,inwhichspaceisarealmoflight,color,sight,andtouch.P1

2.ItwasonlywhentheintellectuallycrudeRomanculturebecameinfluencedbytheabstractthinkingofGreekculturethattheLatinlanguagedevelopedasignificantvocabularyofabstract,non-spatialterms.P1

3．ThusalthoughAmericansaretaughttoperceiveandreacttothearrangementofobjectsinspaceandtothinkofspaceasbeing"wasted"unlessitisfilledwithobjects,theJapanesearetrainedtogivemeaningtospaceitselfandtovalue"empty"space.P2

4.ItisamazingtoAmericanshowanyonegetsaround,yetParisiansseemtodowell.P3

5.EdwardHall,inTheSilentLanguage,suggeststhatthelayoutofspacecharacteristicofFrenchcitiesisonlyoneaspectofthethemeofcentralizationthatcharacterizesFrenchculture.P3

6.Anotheraspectoftheculturalpatterningofspaceconcernsthefunctionsofspaces.Inmiddle-classAmerica,specificspacesaredesignatedforspecificactivities.Anyintrusionofoneactivityintoaspacethatitwasnotdesignedforisimmediatelyfeltasinappropriate.（unit4para4）

7.ThispatternofspatialperceptionamongtheHopiseemstobesimilartotheirpatternoftimeperception,inwhichperiodsoftimearenotseenasseparatepiecesofduration,astheyareintheWesterncultures,butareintegratedaspiecesofaconnectedpattern.P5

9.SpacesinIndiaaresegregatedsothathighcasteandlowcaste,malesandfemales,secularandsacredactivitiesarekeptapart.Thepatternhasbeenusedforthousandsofyears,asdemonstratedbythearchaeologicalevidenceuncoveredinancientIndiancities.P4

8.Anthropologistsstudyingvariousculturesasawholehaveseenaconnectioninthewaytheyviewbothtimeandspace.P5

10.Spatialperceptionsmaybeadaptationstospecificenvironments:

thedegreeofpopulationdensity;theamountofarableland;theabsenceorexistenceofnaturalbarrierssuchastheseaormountains;theamountofdistinguishinglandmarksinaregion.P6

11.Peoplefromdifferentculturesmayunconsciouslyinfringeoneachother’ssenseofspace.P7

Unit9animalemotions

1.SwimmingoffthecoastofArgentina,afemalerightwhalesinglesoutjustoneofthesuitorsthatarehotlypursuingher.P1

2.Aftermating,thetwocetaceanslingersidebyside,strokingoneanotherwiththeirflippersandfinallyrollingtogetherinwhatlookslikeanembrace.P1

3.Manyscientistsalsosaythatitisimpossibletoproveanimalshaveemotionsusingstandardscientificmethods----repeatableobservationsthatcanbemanipulatedincontrolledexperiments----leadingthemtoconcludethatsuchfeelingsmustnotexist.P4

4.Still,theideaofanimalsfeelingemotionsremainscontroversialamongmanyscientists.Researcher’sskepticismisfueledinpartbytheirprofessionalaversiontoanthropomorphism,theverynonscientifictendencytoattributehumanqualitiestononhumans.P4

5.Today,however,amidmountingevidencetothecontrary,“thetideisturningradicallyandrapidly,”saysBekoff,whoisattheforefrontofthismovement.P4

5.Eventhemoststridentskepticsofanimalpassionagreethatmanycreaturesexperiencefear----whichsomescientistsdefineasaprimaryemotionthatcontrastswithsecondaryemotionssuchasloveandgrief.P5

6.Essentialtoescapepredatorsandotherdangers,fear---anditspredictableflight,fight,orfreezeresponses---seemstobehard-wiredintomanyspecies.P5

7.Yetbecausefeelingsareintangible,andsotoughtostudyscientifically,“mostresearchersdon’tevenwanttotalkabout