高三英语复习经典语法试题集.docx

1、高三英语复习经典语法试题集高三英语复习经典语法试题集第一章-重点词法类的复习一. 冠 词1. 冠词的泛指和特指用法泛指是指首次提到的，不限定的人或事物。特指是指在上文已提到的人或事物，或是指被限制性修饰语在其后加以限定意义的人或事物也可以是指说话者双方心目中所默认的特指的人或事物。冠词的泛指和特指用法可归纳为下表：单数可数名词一定要用冠词 泛指单一，每一，仁义事物 指类别 特指 上文提到过的事物 被限制性修饰语所限定的事物 说话双方所默认的事物 世界上独一无二的事物 指类别复数可数名词不可数名词 特指 上文提到过的事物 被限制性修饰语所限定的事物 说话双方所默认的事物 零冠词 泛指的一些事物

2、指类别不定冠词修饰可数名词其意思为一个；定冠词既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词，往往表特指其意思相当于这个，单数可数名词只要不用在抽象化的语境中，一定要加冠词(或者加不定冠词，或者加定冠词)。这时不妨可用一个或这个(种)来检验。（1）-Have you seen _ pen? I left it here this morning. -Is it _ black one? I think I saw it somewhere. A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a（2）Most animal have little connection with

3、_ animals of _ different kind unless they kill them for food. A. the; a B. /; a C. the; the D. /; /2不定冠词a(n)的几种特殊用法（1）不定冠词a(n)用于有或没有形容词修饰的抽象名词前。 Many people agreed that a knowledge of English is a must in international trade today. 许多人都持相同的看法，在当前国际贸易交往中，英语知识是必备的知识。（2）不定冠词s(n)用于有形容词修饰的一日二餐前。 Before I

4、 go to work every morning, Ive a light breakfast. 我每天早晨上班前吃点简单的早餐。（3）不定冠词a(n)用于有形容词修饰的季节、日期前。 The traffic accident happened on a Sunday towards the end of July. 车祸是7月底的一个星期天发生的。（4）不定冠词a(n)用于序数词前，表示一次，又一。 How important it is to learn a second language! 再学一门语言是多么重要啊!（5）不定冠词a(n)表示per的意思。 His income is

5、one thousand yuan a month. 他的月收入是1000元。（6）不定冠词a(n)用于有goodgreat many修饰的名词复数前。 Ive visited the Great Wall a good many times. 我参观过长城好多次。 （7）不定冠词a(n)用于形式为复数，但意义仍为单数的名词前。 A thousand miles is a good distance. 一千英里是相当远的距离。（8）不定冠词a(n)用于一些原来是动词的名词前。 Lets have a walk around the playground after supper. 晚饭后，让我

6、们围着操场散步吧!（9）有一些抽象名词：advice(忠告)，behavior(行为)，fortune(运气)，fun(娱乐)，information(情报)，progress(进步)，damage(损害)，harm(伤害)等，即使被形容词修饰，也不加不定冠词。 Karl Marx gave us some advice on how to learn foreign language well. 卡尔马克思就怎样学好外语，提出了许多建议。（10）用在某些固定词组中。 A few, a little, a lot of, a bit, a couple of, all of a sudden(

7、突然), as a matter of fact(实际上), in a hurry(匆忙的), in a word(简言之), have a good time(玩得愉快), do sb. a favour(帮忙), pay a visit to(访问), as a rule(惯例), as a whole(总之), in a day or two(一两天), in a way(在某种程度上), of a size(大小相同), have a word with sb.(与交谈), make a living(谋生), take a pride in(自豪), take a walk(brea

8、k, bath, seat)(散步(休息、洗澡、就座), a great deal of(大量), be a pity(遗憾), have a cold(headache, fever)(感冒(头痛、发烧), many a(许多), catch a cold(感冒).3用冠词与不用冠词的差异 在某些习惯用语中，用还是不用冠词，意义不同，有时甚至差别很大，使用时要特别注意。 at table 进餐 at the table 在桌子旁 in hospital 住院 in the hospital 在医院里 by sea 乘船（由海路） by the sea 在海边 go to sea 当水手 go

9、 to the sea 去海边 in future 从今以后，将来 in the future 未来 on earth 究竟 on the earth 在地球上，在世上 go to school (church) 上学（做礼拜） go to the school (church) 到学校（教堂）去 in front of 在（外部的）前面 in the front of 在（内部的）前面 on horseback 骑着马 on the horseback 在马背上 take place 发生 take the place of 代替 two of us 我们当中的两人 the two of u

10、s 我们两人（共计两人） out of question 毫无疑问，一定 out of the question 不可能 on the whole = in general 大体上，一般地 as a whole = altogether 全部地，整体 A most important meeting 一个重要的会议 the most important meeting 最重要的会议 A third time 又一次 the third time 第三次 at a distance 稍远一些 in the distance 在远处 A number of 许多 the number of 的数目

11、 for a moment 一会儿 for the moment 目前，暂时 be in charge of 负责 be in the charge of 由负责，在掌管之下 by day 在白天 by the day 按日计算 in possession of 拥有 in the possession of 为所有 in sight of 能看见 in the sight of 据的见解 in place of 代替 in the place of 在的地方 be of age 成年 be of an age 同龄 take advice 征求意见 take the advice 听从劝告

12、He is still in office. 他仍在执政 He is still in the office. 他仍在办公室里1. Paper money was in _ use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in _thirteenth century. A. the; / B. the; the C. /; the D. /; /2. It is not rare in _ that people in _ fifties are going to university for further education. A. 90s

13、; their B. the 90s; / C. 90s; . D. the 90s; their3. Summer in _ south of France are for _ most part dry and sunny. A. /; a B. the; / C. /; / D. the; the4. Most animals have little connection with _ animals of _ different kind unless they hunt them for food. A. the; a B. /; a C. the; the D. /; he5. M

14、r. Smith, theres a man at _ front door who says he has _ news for you of great importance. A. file: / B. the; the C. /; / D. /; the6. The warmth of _ sweater will of course be determined by the short of _ wood used. A. the; file B. die; / C. /; / D. /;/ 7. A bullet hit the soldier and he was wounded

15、 in _ leg. A. a B one C. the D. his8. I dont like talking on _ telephone. I prefer writing _ letters. A. a; the B. the; / C. the; the D. a; /9. Jumping out of _ airplane at ten thousand that is quite _.exciting experience. A. /; the B. /; an C. an; an D. the; the10. One way to understand thousands o

16、f new words is to gain good knowledge of basic word formation. A. / B. the C. a D. one11. The cakes are delicious. Hed like to have _ third one because _ second one is rather too small A. a; a B. the; the C. a; the D. the; a12. There s _ dictionary on _ desk by your side. A, a; the B. a; a C. the; a

17、 D. the; the13. -Where is my blue shirt? -It s in the washing machine. You have to wear _ different one. A. any B. the C. a D. other14. The sign reads In case of _ fire, break the glass and push _ red button. A. /; a B. /; the C. the; the D. a; a15. I earn 10 dollars _ hour as _ supermarket cashier

18、on Saturdays.A. a; an B. the; a C. an; a D. an; the*2006全国各省市高考试卷中的冠词试题:1(全国卷I）30.-Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith? -Sorry, wrong number. There isnt_ Mr. Smith here.A. 不填 B. a C. the D. one2(全国卷2)19. I know you dont like _ music very much. But what do you think of _ music in the film we saw yester

19、day?A. /; / B. the; the C. the; / D. /; the3(北京卷)26. - I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over _ keyboard. - You shouldnt put drinks near _ computer. A. the; 不填 B. the; a C. a; 不填 D. a; a4(重庆卷)25.Everywhere man has cut down _ forests in order to grow crops，or to use _ wood as fuel or as bui

20、lding material. A. the; the B. the;/C./；the D./；/5(辽宁卷)21.Of all reasons for my decision to become a university professor, my fathers advice was most important one.A. the; a B.不填；a C.不填;the D. the; the6(陕西卷)15.According to _World Health Organization, health care plans are needed in all big cities to

21、 prevent _ spread of AIDS.A. the;不填B. the; the C. a; a D.不填;the7(湖南卷)22.In_ review of 44 studies, American researchers found that men and women who ate six key foods daily cut the risk of _ heart disease by 76%.A. a; the B. the; a C. a;不填D.不填;a8(浙江卷)3. Dont worry if you cant come to _ party. - Ill s

22、ave _ cake for you.(+代词) A. the ; some B. a ; much C. the ; any D. a ; little9(山东卷)21. For him _ stage is just _ means of making a living.A. a; a B. the; a C. the ; the D. a; theKeys: 1-5 BDBCD BCAB二.名词一、考点聚焦1.可数名词单、复数变化形式 （1）规则变化。单数名词词尾直接加-s。如：boy - boys, pen - pens。以s、x 、ch 、sh结尾的单词一般加-es。如：glass

23、- glasses,box- boxes, watch - watches, brush - brushes。特例：stomach - stomaches。以辅音字母 + y结尾的变y为i再加-es。如：baby - babies, lady - ladies, fly - flies。以o结尾的多数加-es。如：tomato - tomatoes, potato - potatoes, hero - heroes。但以两个元音字母结尾的名词和部分外来词中以o结尾的词只加-s。 如：radio - radios, zoo - zoos, photo - photos, piano - pian

24、os, kilo - kilos, tobacco - tobaccos。 以f或fe结尾的名词复数形式变f或fe为v，之后再加-es。如：wife - wives, life - lives, knife - knives, wolf- wolves, self - selves, leaf - leaves等。特例：handkerchief- handkerchiefs, roof - roofs, chief - chiefs, gulf - gulfs, belief - beliefs, cliff - cliffs。改变元音字母的。如：man - men, mouse - mice

25、, foot - feet,woman - women, tooth - teeth, goose - geese, ox - oxen。特例：child - children。复合名词的复数形式。（A）在复合词中最后名词尾加-s。如：armchair - armchairs, bookcase - bookcases, bookstore - book-stores。（B）man和woman作定语修饰另一个名词时，前后两个名词都要变成复数。如：man doctor - men doctors, woman driver - women dri-vers。（C）与介词或副词一起构成的复合名词应

26、在主体名词部分加-s。如：brother-in-law - brothers-in-law, passer-by - passers-by。 有的名词有两种复数形式。如：zero - zeros 、zeroes, deer -deers 、deer。penny的两种复数形式含义有所不同。如：pence（便士的钱数），pennies(便士的枚数)。（2）不规则变化。单、复数同形。如：means, aircraft, deer, fish, Chinese,Japanese, sheep, works（工厂）,cattle。合成名词的复数。如：boy-friend - boy-friends, g

27、o-between- go-betweens(中间人)，grown-up - grown-ups。有些名词通常只用作复数。如：glasses眼镜，clothes衣服，goods货物，trousers裤子，belongings所有物,wages工资，riches财富, surroundings环境，ashes灰尘, campasses圆规，cattle家畜，congratulations祝贺，have words with sb. 同某人吵架，in high spirits以很高热情地，give ones regards to sb.向某人问侯，in rags衣衫破烂，It is good ma

28、nners to do sth.有礼貌做某事。集体名词的数。有些集体名词通常只用作复数，如：people, cattle, police; 有些名词只用作单数，如：machinery, furniture, mankind, jewellery;有些名词既可用作单数又可用作复数，单数看做整体，复数看做集体的各个成员。如：The crew is large.船员人数很多（指整体）；The crew are all tired.船员们都累坏了（个体）。2、不可数名词的数（1）一般说来抽象名词为不可数名词，但当抽象名词表示具体的东西时，可用作可数名词且词义发生变化，主要类型如下：抽象名词表示具有某种

29、特性、状态、感情情绪的人或事。如：抽象名词（不可数） 具体化（个体名词，可数名词）in surprise惊讶地 a surprise一件令人惊讶的事win success获得成功 a success一个(件)成功的人(事)win honor赢得荣誉 an honor一个(件)引以为荣的(事)Failure(失败)is the mother of success a failure失败者失败是成功之母。by experience靠经验 an experience一次经历youth青春 a youth一个青年人have pity on sb.怜悯某人 a pity可惜的事情with pleasur

30、e乐意 a pleasure乐事抽象名词与a(an)连用，淡化了抽象概念，转化为似乎可以体验到的动作、行为或类别。如：A knowledge of English is a must in international trade.Would you like to have a walk(swim, bath, talk)with me?It is waste of time reading such a novel.She made an apology to her mother for her wrong doings.(2)物质名词是不可数名词，但表示数量或种类之多时，可以用作可数名词。如：物质名词有形或数的相应物体，有单、复数。如：some coffee一些咖啡，a coffee一杯咖啡，three coffees三杯咖啡，some drink一些饮料, a drink一杯饮料，three drinks三杯饮料，his hair他的头发，a few grey hairs几根白发，glass玻璃，a glass一只玻璃杯。物质名词有前置后置修饰时，前面要使用不定冠词。have breakfast The road is covered with snow.ha