北师大版高考英语复习同步检测试题第4讲非谓语动词.docx

1、北师大版高考英语复习同步检测试题第4讲非谓语动词第四讲非谓语动词考点一非谓语动词作主语1不定式和动名词作主语动名词作主语通常表示抽象的或习惯性的动作，而不定式作主语则表示具体的、某一次的行为。As we all know，going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.众所周知，早起早睡是一个好习惯。To complete the program needs much effort.完成这项计划需要很大的努力。2常用动名词或不定式作主语的句型有As is known to us，its no use complaining wit

2、hout taking action.众所周知，只抱怨不采取行动没用。Its important for the figures to be updated regularly.定期更新数据是很重要的。考点二非谓语动词作表语1不定式、动名词都可以作表语，但动名词作表语多指抽象的、经常性的动作；而不定式则多表示具体的动作，尤其是某一次的动作。What he did in the meeting was chatting with Mary.他在会议上所做的事情就是与玛丽谈话。My job is to clean the house three times a week.我的工作是每个星期打扫房子

3、三次。2get，become，look，seem，appear等系动词后可跟过去分词作表语，表示被动或主语的状态。This quotation from Winston Churchill tells us that we shouldnt get discouraged right after failures.温斯顿丘吉尔的这句名言告诉我们，失败后我们绝不能气馁。考点三非谓语动词作宾语1若非谓语动词作下列动词或动词短语的宾语，则只能用动名词。suggest，risk，imagine，mind，admit，practice，allow，avoid，delay，include，deny，esc

4、ape，advise，finish，miss，insist on，look forward to，feel like，get down to，object to，devote ones time to等。I avoided mentioning the subject in case he should be offended.我回避提及这个话题，以免冒犯他。2若非谓语动词作下列动词或动词短语的宾语，则只能用不定式。decide，refuse，promise，pretend，hesitate，manage，plan，fail，choose，would like等。She will attemp

5、t to beat the world record.她试图要打破世界纪录。3有些动词或动词短语既可接不定式作宾语，也可接动名词作宾语，但表示的含义不同。meanforgetregrettrygo onremembercant helpI regret to tell you that I cant come.我很遗憾地告诉你我不能来了。I still remember being taken to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.我仍记得别人带我去过法门寺，并记得在那里我所看到的一切。4动词作介词的宾语时，要用动名词形式，不能用动词不定式。The

6、author begins his account of the tour in the forest mainly by describing various sounds.作者主要是通过描绘各种声音开始叙述自己的森林之旅的。巧学巧练单句语法填空/单句改错1(2016湖南益阳箴言中学模拟改编)Nervous and anxious，Jill failed_(make) a good impression at the job interview.解析：句意为：又紧张又焦虑，吉尔没有在面试中给人留下好印象。fail to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“未做到某事”，故填to make。答案：

7、to make2(2016全国卷)My ambassadorial duties will include_(introduce) British visitors to the 120plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.解析：分析句子结构可知，will include在句中作谓语，include为及物动词，其后加名词或动名词作宾语，再结合提示词introduce和空后的名词visitors可知，此处应用动名词作宾语。答案：introducing3(

8、2014广东卷)We got a little_(sunburn)，but the day had been so relaxing that we didnt mind.解析：本题考查“get过去分词”表示状态。got在该题中为连系动词，且sunburn与we之间为动宾关系，故应用过去分词作表语。因此，答案为sunburned或sunburnt。答案：sunburned或sunburnt4(2015安徽卷改编)_(ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes

9、 you make.解析：考查非谓语动词作主语。句意为：忽视那两个调查结果的不同将会是你犯的最严重的错误之一。分析句子可知，句中谓语为will be，设空处在句中作主语，故用动词不定式或动名词形式均可。答案：Ignoring/To ignore5(2016全国卷改错)I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.解析：句意为：我通过穿奇装异服向他们表示我是独立的。介词by后需跟动名词作宾语。答案：wearwearing考点四非谓语动词作定语非谓语动词类别用法动词不定式表示将要发生的动作动名词表示用途分词现在分词表示动作主动进行或

10、者正在进行中过去分词表示动作被动完成或者单纯表示已经完成We are invited to a party to be held in our club next Friday.我们被邀请参加下星期五在我们俱乐部举办的晚会。He is always the first to arrive at the school and the last to leave the school.他总是第一个到校，最后一个离校。(2015北京卷)The park was full of people，enjoying (who enjoyed) themselves in the sunshine.公园里人山

11、人海， 人们在阳光下玩得很快乐。Tsinghua University，founded (which was founded) in 1911，is home to a great number of outstanding figures.清华大学建立于1911年，是许多杰出人物的摇篮。考点五非谓语动词作状语1不定式作状语(1)表示目的(2015北京卷)To catch the early flight，we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.为了赶上早班航班，我们提前预订了出租车，并且起得很早。(2)表示结果不定式作结果状语常表

12、示出乎意料的结果，动词不定式前面常加only。George returned after the war，only to be told that his wife had left him.乔治战后归来，却被告知他的妻子已经离他而去。(3)原因状语在“主语系动词形容词to do sth.”结构中，不定式和所修饰的名词之间存在被动关系，逻辑宾语是句子的主语，常用主动形式表示被动意义。As far as Im concerned，the book is very hard to learn.就我个人而言，这本书很难理解。2分词作状语形式意义doing与句中主语为逻辑上的主动关系，与谓语动词表示的

13、动作(或状态)同时发生或几乎同时发生，表示主动、进行。having done与句中主语为逻辑上的主动关系，先于谓语动词表示的动作发生，表示主动、完成。done与句中主语为逻辑上的被动关系，表完成；用作形容词的过去分词表状态。being done与句中主语为逻辑上的被动关系，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，表示被动、进行，意为“正在被”。having been done与句中主语为逻辑上的被动关系，先于句中谓语动词表示的动作发生，表示被动、完成。Offered an important role in a new movie，Andy has got a chance to become famo

14、us.由于在这部新电影中担任重要角色，安迪有了出名的机会。(表原因)More highways have been built in China，making it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.中国又建了很多高速公路，这使人们的出行变得更容易了。(表结果) (2015天津卷)Having worked for two days，Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.已经忙活了两天，史蒂夫设法按时完成了他的报告。Having been asked to

15、 work overtime that evening，I missed a wonderful film.我那天晚上因为被要求加班而错过了一场精彩的电影。(被动意义，非谓语动词的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前)注意：源于系表结构的部分过去分词作状语，表示句子主语所处的一种状态，常见的有：seated(坐着的)，devoted(专注的)，lost/absorbed in(沉溺于)，dressed in(穿着)等。Absorbed in his book，he didnt notice me enter the room.他专注读书，没注意到我进入房间。考点六非谓语动词作宾语补足语1现在分词作宾语补

16、足语现在分词作宾语补足语时，句中的宾语往往就是其逻辑主语，该动词与宾语之间存在逻辑上的主动关系。现在分词作宾语补足语强调正在进行中的主动动作，即动作过程的一部分。可以接这种复合宾语的动词有see，watch，hear，observe，feel，find，have，keep等。I looked up and noticed a snake winding its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.我抬头注意到一条蛇正蜿蜒着爬上树去捕捉它的早餐。Listen！Do you hear someone calling for help?听！你听到有人正在呼喊

17、救命了吗？2过去分词作宾语补足语过去分词作宾语补足语时，句中的宾语往往就是其逻辑宾语，表示被动和完成，该动词与宾语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。Jenny hopes that Mr Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English improved in a short period.詹尼希望史密斯先生会建议一个好的方法以使她的英语写作在短期内得到提升。(2013北京卷)When we saw the road blocked with snow，we decided to spend the holiday at home.当我

18、们看到道路被雪封住后，我们决定在家过假期。考点七with复合结构1with宾语doing(表示主动且进行)The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog following them.这老两口常常在晚饭后到公园里散步，他们的宠物狗则在后面跟着。2with宾语done(表示被动且完成)John received an invitation to dinner，and with his work finished，he gladly accepted it.约翰收到一份宴请函而且他的工作也干完

19、了，他就欣然接受了邀请。3with宾语to do(表示将来)With a lot of work to do，she wasnt allowed to leave her office.由于有许多工作要做，她不被允许离开办公室。巧学巧练单句语法填空/单句改错1(2016四川成都七中诊断改编)To his surprise，Jack found his son_(dress) as Santa Claus on Christmas Eve.解析：句意为：使杰克惊讶的是，他发现儿子在圣诞节前夜被装扮成了圣诞老人。此处为“find宾语宾语补足语”的结构，用过去分词作宾语补足语。dress意为“给(某

20、人)穿衣”，常用于dress sb.或sb.be/get dressed结构。答案：dressed2(2016陕西西安一中二模改编)With a lot of difficult problems_(settle)，the manager felt like a cat on hot bricks.解析：句意为：因为有许多难题要解决，经理感觉像热锅上的蚂蚁。此处为with的复合结构，difficult problems与settle之间为主动关系，且“解决难题”发生在将来，故用不定式作宾补，表示将要发生的动作。答案：to settle3(2016四川卷语法填空)For 25 days，she

21、never left her baby，not even to find something_(eat)!解析：句意为：25天里，它(熊猫)从没离开过它的孩子，甚至不出去找吃的东西。分析句子结构可知，此处something是eat逻辑上的宾语，要使用不定式作定语。故此处应填to eat。答案：to eat4(2016浙江卷)To return to the problem of water pollution，Id like you to look at a study_(conduct) in Australia in 2012.解析：句意为：回到水污染问题，我想让你们看一下澳大利亚在201

22、2年进行的研究。study与conduct之间为被动关系，且设空处表示“完成”，故用过去分词作后置定语。答案：conducted5(2016全国卷语法填空)People probably looked their food in large pots，_(use) twigs (树枝) to remove it.解析：考查现在分词作状语，people 与use之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。答案：using6(2016北京卷)_(make) it easier to get in touch with us，youd better keep this card at hand.解析：句意为

23、：要想更容易地联系到我们，你最好把这张卡片放在手边。根据句意可知这里应用动词不定式作目的状语，故答案为To make。答案：To make7(2016北京卷)_(order) over a week ago，the books are expected to arrive any time now.解析：句意为：这些书一个多星期前就被下订单了，现在预计随时会到。order与逻辑主语the books之间为被动关系，且动作已经完成，故答案为Ordered。答案：Ordered8(2016湖南长沙一中月考)After waiting for an hour，Katia went home，felt

24、 lonely and miserable.解析：句子的谓语是went home，故feel的动作是伴随动作，与Katia之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。答案：feltfeeling9(2016安徽六校教育研究会联考)Saw the 18 candles burning，I couldnt keep back my tears.解析：see在句中作状语，与主语之间存在主动关系，故用现在分词形式。答案：SawSeeing10(2016江西红色六校联考)The ability express ones idea somehow decides how far one can get alo

25、ng in ones college.解析：句意为：一个人表达思想的能力在一定程度上决定了他在大学里的发展。抽象名词ability等词后通常用不定式作定语。答案：express前加to.单句语法填空1(2016烟台3月诊断)The heartwarming story began in September last year when a woman asked the primary school in her neighborhood_(accept) her sixyearold son.解析：ask sb.to do sth.为固定用法，意为“要求某人做某事”。答案：to accept

26、2(2016辽宁卷改编)Laura was away in Paris for over a week.When she got home，there was a pile of mail_(wait) for her.解析：句意为：劳拉去巴黎待了一个多星期。当她回到家时，有一大堆邮件在等着她处理。mail和wait之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词形式作后置定语。答案：waiting3Film has a much shorter history，especially when_(compare) to such art forms as music and painting.解析：句意为

27、：电影的历史要短得多，尤其是当它和像音乐与绘画这样的艺术形式相比时。所给动词compare与其逻辑主语film之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词，相当于when film is compared to such art forms as music and painting。答案：compared4(2014北京卷改编)The film star wears sunglasses.Therefore，he can go shopping without_(recognize)解析：句意为：那位电影明星戴着太阳镜，因此他可以去购物而不会被人认出来。without是介词，后接动名词作宾语，he和

28、recognize之间是被动关系，因此用动名词的被动式。答案：being recognized5(2016陕西卷改编)Back from his twoyear medical service in Africa，Dr Lee was very happy to see his mother _(take) good care of at home.解析：句意为：在非洲从事两年的医疗服务后，李医生回来看到母亲在家里受到很周到的照顾很高兴。宾语his mother与take good care of之间是被动关系，且表完成，故用过去分词作宾补。答案为taken。答案：taken6(2016天津卷

29、)The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows，_(make) air conditioning unnecessary.解析：句意为：凉风通过我们卧室的窗户吹进来，使得空气调节系统没有必要了。根据句意可知，此处应用现在分词短语作结果状语，表示必然的结果。答案：making7(2015福建卷改编)_(learn) more about Chinese culture，Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.解析：句意为：为了更多地了解中国文化，杰克

30、决定把中国民间音乐作为选修课程。learn的逻辑主语为Jack，Jack与learn之间为逻辑上的主动关系，且该动作表示目的，因此用不定式的一般式作目的状语。答案：To learn8(2015四川卷改编)Little Tom sat_(amaze) watching the monkey dancing in front of him.解析：句意为：小汤姆很惊讶地坐着看那只猴子在他面前跳舞。该句的主干为Little Tom sat，故该空应用非谓语动词形式；该空和现在分词watching在句中均作伴随状语，且此处形容小汤姆的感受，故用amazed，意为“感到惊讶的”。答案：amazed9(2015重庆卷改编)_(raise) in the poorest area of Glasgow，he had a long，hard road to becoming a football star.解析：句意为：因为他是在格拉斯哥最贫穷的地区长大的，所以他成为足球明星的道路漫长而又艰辛。句中已有谓语动词had，故设空处应用非谓语动词形式；raise在此处是“养育，抚养”的意思，与主语he之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词形式作原因状语。答案：Raised10(2016全国卷语法填空)If you find something you love