学年山西省吕梁市高二上学期期末考试模拟试题 英语 解析版.docx

1、学年山西省吕梁市高二上学期期末考试模拟试题 英语 解析版绝密启用前山西省吕梁市2018-2019学年高二期末考试模拟试题 英语评卷人得分一、阅读理解An earthquake is a trembling or shaking of the ground caused by the sudden release(释放) of energy stored in the rocks below the surface. Generally, earthquakes last only seconds. Strong ground shaking during a medium（中等的） to la

2、rge earthquake generally lasts about 10 to 30 seconds. Aftershocks（余震）can occur once in a while for weeks or even months.Many people think that there is an “earthquake season” or a kind of “earthquake weather”. As a matter of fact, there isnt. Earthquakes can occur at any time of the year and at tim

3、e of day or night. Earthquakes occur under all weather conditions-sunny, wet. or cold without any special weather tendency(倾向).Also, you dont need to worry that the ground will open up and swallow people when earthquakes occur. Open ground cracks may form during an earthquake, for example, to land s

4、liding or ground falling. However, such cracks tend to be open gaps (they dont “ swallow”) that a person could stand in afterwards.The safest place in an earthquake is an open field because buildings and falling objects can injure or kill you. If you are indoors, when you feel the ground start to sh

5、ake, take cover immediately under a table or strong piece of furniture, placing something between falling objects and yourself. Dont attempt to use the stairs or an elevator to get out of the building.1Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?AEarthquakes usually last 10 to 30 seconds

6、.BAfter a big earthquake, there are many more quakes.CCracks in an earthquake are very dangerous.DWhat usually injures people during an earthquake are falling buildings.2The reason why there isnt “earthquake weather” is that _.Aan earthquake only lasts seconds and doesnt happen frequently.Ban earthq

7、uake can happen at any time and in any kind of weather.Cwhen an earthquake happens is related to the weatherDearthquakes dont change with the seasons3The underlined word “swallow” in Paragraph3 probably means “_”?Atake sb. / sth. in Bmake sb. frightenedCmake room for sb. to stand in Dmake the ground

8、 slide【答案】1 D 2 B 3 A 【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。这篇短文主要介绍了地震的特点以及人们对地震存在的一些误区，说明了没有“地震”天气的原因是地震可以发生在任何时候，也可以在任何天气情况下发生以及地震逃生的一些注意事项。1细节理解题。根据最后一段中的The safest place in an earthquake is an open field because buildings and falling objects can injure or kill you.可知，根据文章来看，在地震中，让人们受伤的是倒塌的建筑。故D选项正确。2细节理解题。根据第二段中的Eart

9、hquakes can occur at any time of the year and at time of day or night. Earthquakes occur under all weather conditions-sunny, wet. or cold without any special weather tendency(倾向).可知，没有“地震”天气的原因是地震可以发生在任何时候，也可以在任何天气情况下发生。故B选项正确。3词义猜测题。根据However such cracks tend to be open gaps (they dont “ swallow”)

10、that a person could stand in afterwards.可知，这些裂口不能吞没人，所以swallow意思是吸收，吞没。故A选项正确。【点睛】阅读理解所设试题主要考察细节查找，做题关键是找出原文的根据，认真核查题支和原文的异同，常犯错误有：绝对化语言，范围扩大或缩小，以偏概全，张冠李戴等。考生首先要浏览短文后的小题题干，标出关键词（组），带着问题去阅读，能够做到心中有数，目的明确；然后再仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握细节信息，并在标出能得出答案的有效信息。如第2小题，The reason why there isnt “earthquake weather” is

11、that _.没有“地震天气”的原因是什么。根据题干中的earthquake weather，我们可以定位到第二段Many people think that there is an “earthquake season” or a kind of “earthquake weather”. As a matter of fact, there isnt.（许多人认为有一个“地震季节”或一种“地震天气”。事实上，没有。），接下来则是解释为什么没有。通过下文我们可以得知，地震可以发生在一年中的任何时候，也可以发生在白天或晚上，地震可以发生在任何天气条件下。从而得出正确答案。Stephen Wil

12、liam Hawking was born on 8 January 1942 in Oxford, England. His parents house was in north London, but during the Second World War Oxford was considered a safer place to have babies. When he was eight, his family moved to St Albans, a town about 20 miles north of London. At eleven Stephen went to St

13、 Albans School, and then on to University College, Oxford, his fathers old college. Stephen wanted to do Mathematics, although his father would have preferred medicine. Mathematics was not available at College, so he did Physics instead. After three years and not very much work he was awarded a firs

14、t class honours degree in Natural Science.Stephen then went on to Cambridge to do research in Cosmology, there being no one working in that area in Oxford at the time. His supervisor was Dennis Sciama, although he had hoped to get Fred Hoyle who was working in Cambridge. After gaining his Ph. D, he

15、became first a Research Fellow, and later on a Professorial Fellow at Gonville and Caius College. After leaving the Institute of Astronomy in 1973 Stephen came to the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, and since 1979 has held the post of Lucasian Professor of Mathematics. The

16、 chair was founded in 1663 with money left in the will of the Reverend Henry Lucas, who had been the Member of Parliament for the University. It was first held by Isaac Barrow, and then in 1663 by Isaac Newton.Professor Hawking has twelve honorary degrees, was awarded the CBE in 1982,and was made a

17、Companion of Honour in 1989. He is the recipient of many awards, medals and prizes and is a Fellow of The Royal Society and a Member of the US National Academy of Sciences.4At his teenage, Stephen W. Hawking went to the same college as .AGalileo Bhis fatherCIsaac Barrow DIsaac Newton5Which of the fo

18、llowing shows the right order of what happened to Hawking?a. He gained his Ph. D.b. He went to Cambridge.c. He was given a first class honour degree.d. He began to hold the post of Lucasian Professor of Mathematics.e. He went to St Albans School.Ae-c-b-a-d Ba-e-c-d-bCa-e-c-b-d Dc-b-d-e-a6According t

19、o the passage, Stephen W. Hawking had never spent much time studying .ACosmology BMathematicsCPhysics DMedicine7Before Stephen Hawking went to Cambridge, .Athere was no one studying Cosmology in EnglandBthere was no one studying Cosmology in OxfordCthere were only a few scientists studying Cosmology

20、 in OxfordDCosmology is widely studied in Britain【答案】4 B 5 A 6 D 7 B 【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。本文主要介绍了斯蒂芬威廉霍金博士的一生以及他所获得的荣誉。4细节理解题。根据第一段中的At eleven Stephen went to St Albans School, and then on to University College, Oxford, his fathers old college.可知，11岁时，斯蒂芬上了圣奥尔本斯中学，然后上了他父亲的母校牛津大学学院。故B选项正确。5细节理解题。阅读文章第二段，根据

21、时间状语的提示可了解前因后果，排好顺序为e-c-b-a-d。故A选项正确。6细节理解题。第一段倒数第二句提到了Physics；第二段第一句提到了Cosmology；第二段第四句提到了他学了Mathematics；根据第一段可知Medicine只不过是他父亲希望他学的专业而已，他并没有花时间学习。故D选项正确。7细节理解题。根据文中第二段第一句话Stephen then went on to Cambridge to do research in Cosmology, there being no one working in that area in Oxford at the time.可知

22、，在斯蒂芬霍金去剑桥之前，没有人在牛津学习宇宙学。故B选项正确。As a capital city full of art and history, London is an important political centre and a huge financial marketplace. Whatever you think about London, visiting as a tourist is very different from living there. Each part of London has its own character. Some parts are r

23、icher than others, or more industrial, or have better housing.Lets start with the centre, the “Square Mile”. This is the oldest part of London. In the past, it was where all financial business was done. Not many people live here, but 300,000 people work here every day.Moving west, we come to the Wes

24、t End. This busy shopping and entertainment district is bursting with things to do. Take a walk down Oxford Street, and you will see big department stores like Selfridges and Harrods. Rents here are very high; a one-bedroom apartment may cost around 1,000 pounds a week. Further away is West London.

25、This area is more residential(住宅的)and very fashionable.The East End contains the Port of London, which historically is where many immigrants first arrived. Waves of French, Belgians, Jews, Pakistanis and Bangladeshis have all lived here. This makes the culture of this area very various. London won t

26、he bid to hold the Olympics in 2012, so many Londoners hope that housing, education and employment for many people in this area will improve.It is difficult to be general about London. The city is made up of a collection of villages”, each area with its own character and community. Put them all toge

27、ther, and you have London, an international capital.8Which of the following descriptions about Square Mile is NOT true?AIt is the oldest part of London.BIt is the center of London.CAll financial business was once done there.D300, 000 people live there.9Tom, an American, wants to go shopping in Londo

28、n. He had better go to .Athe East End Bthe West EndCthe Port of London Dthe Square Mile10According to the passage, Harrods is .Aa department store Ba residential areaCa famous square Da small village11What can we infer from Paragraph 4?AThe East End is richer than other parts of London.BThere must b

29、e many ships in the East End.CPeople living in the East End have good housing.DMost Londoners are satisfied with their government.【答案】8 D 9 B 10 A 11 B 【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。文章介绍了伦敦的构成及各部分的大致情况。8细节理解题。根据第二段中的Not many people live here, but 300,000 people work here every day可知，不是很多人住在这里，但是每天有30万人在这里工作。D项“30万

30、人住在这里”与原文不符。故D选项正确。9细节理解题。根据第三段中的Moving west, we come to the West End. This busy shopping and entertainment district is bursting with things to do.可知，伦敦西区是繁忙的购物和娱乐区。故B选项正确。10细节理解题。根据第三段中的Take a walk down Oxford Street, and you will see big department stores like Selfridges and Harrods.（沿着牛津街散步，你会看到像

31、塞尔福里奇百货公司和哈罗德百货公司这样的大百货公司。）可知，Harrods是一家百货公司。故A选项正确。11推理判断题。根据第四段中的The East End contains the Port of London, which historically is where many immigrants first arrived.（伦敦东区是伦敦港，从历史上看，这里是许多移民最先到达的地方。）可推知，伦敦东区一定有很多船。故B选项正确。My husband David was waiting at the door when our daughter Laura and I pulled i

32、n the driveway. It wasnt like him to be home so early. The disbelief on his face told me that something was up.Do you still have a job?No. Redundant, he answered, looking away from me.OK. Well figure it out, I replied calmly.I actually had no idea how we were going to figure it out. I immediately started to think of how wed cut costs and w