合同的翻译.docx

1、合同的翻译英文合同相关翻译对照Contract 与 Agreement的有无区别在英语中，合同一般称为Contract，协议一般称为Agreement。何谓“contract”?1999年中国合同法第二条对contract定义为： A contact in this Law refers to an agreement establishing, modifying and terminating the civil rights and obligations between subjects of equal footing, that is, between natural person

2、s, legal persons or other organizations”。根据这一定义，合同平等主体之间设立的确定民事权利和义务的协议。 ，Steven H. Gifts编著的“Law Dictionary”中将contract 定义为“contract is a promise, or a set of promises, for breach of which the law gives remedy, or the performance of the which the law in some way recognize as a duty.”根据这一定义，合同是一种承诺，违反

3、承诺可以得到法律救助，某种意义上法律将履行该承诺看做是一种补偿。L.B Curzon 在其编撰的字典“A Dictionary of Law”给contract的定义：“Contract is a legally binding agreement”根据这一定义，合同就是有法律约束力的协议。综合起来，有一个相同点，就是“Contract is an agreement”，即可将合同说成是“An agreement which binds the parties concerned”或者说合同说成是“An agreement which is enforceable by law”， 也可以说：

4、Contracts are promises that the law will enforce。何谓“Agreement”?L.B “A consensus of mind, or evidence of such consensus, in spoke or written form, relating to anything done or to be done.”根据这一定义，协议是对已经做或准备做的相关事宜，经过谈判、协商后取得一致意见，以口头或书面形式做出的约定。Black Law Dictionary有两个定义。一个是：“A concord of understanding an

5、d intention between two or more parties with respect to the effect upon their relative rightsand duties, of certain past or future facts or performance”根据这一定义，协议即双方或多方京某些过去或将来某些事实的相关权利、义务或相关权利、义务的履行而达成的一致理解和愿望。另一个是：“The consent of two or more persons concurring respecting the transmission of some pr

6、operty, right or benefits,with the view of contacting an obligation, a mutual obligation.”根据这一定义，协议即两个或多个当事人，为了约定单方责任或相互责任，就财产权利、利益的转移取得的一致同意Contract(合同)和Agreement(协议)是不是可以互换呢?合同的成立必须具备几个主要因素。它们(要约和承诺构成的)协议、约因、设立法律关系的愿望和缔约能力四大部分组成。L.B Curzon编著的“A Diction of Law”提到：“Contract generally involves”1. off

7、er and absolute and unqualified acceptance (要约和绝对接受)2. consensus ad idem (意思表示一致， 也叫meeting of minds)3. intention to create legal relations (建立合同关系的意愿)4. genuineness of consent (同意的真实性)5. contractual capacity of the parties (合同当事人的缔约能力)6. legality of object(标的物的合法性)7. possibility of performance (履行的

8、可能性)8. certainty of terms( 条款 的确定性)9. valuable consideration(等价有偿)Black Law Dictionary 中解释道：Although often used as synonyms with contract, agreement is a broader term, e.g. an agreement might lack an essential element of a contact.即“协议”和“合同”经常用作同义词，但“协议”这一 术语 含义更广，例如协议可能缺乏合同的必备 条款 (essential clauses

9、/provisions)。实际使用当中，协议可不受必备条款的限制，而称为合同的文体肯定少不了必备条款，有的合同将其单列，称为一般条款(General provisions)。 ，1999中国合同法第十二条 规定 了八项一般条款，分别是1. title or name and domicile of the parities(当事人的名称或姓名和住址)2. contract object(标的)3. quantity(数量)4. quality(质量)5. price or remuneration(价款或者报酬)6. time limit, place and method of perfor

10、mance (履行期限、地点和方式)7. liability for breach of contract(违约责任)8. methods to settle disputes (解决争议的方法)上述解释说明，contract(合同)和agreement(协议)的概念虽然接近，但使用范围不同，不能互换使用。合同是协议的重要组成部分，所有合同一定是协议，而协议不见得都是合同。可以说具备合同成立要求的具有强制执行力的协议才是合同。结构特点合同类法律文件用以 规定 当事人的权利与义务，是预防与解决争议的依据。合同英语行文慎密而准确，历史悠久，深含法律文化底蕴。中文的合同开头一般先罗列当事人的名称、姓

11、名、住所或营业场所，然后是合同正文，结尾是当事人印章、授权代表签字、职务及签字日期。而英语合同一般以下面这类句式为开头：This agreement/contract is made and entered in to this _ day of _(month), _ (year) by and between Party A (hereinafter called Party A )and Party B(hereinafter called Party B )然后是开始陈述：WHEREASTHEREFORE It is hereby agreed as follows:或以：WITNES

12、SETH, WHEREASNOW THEREFORE, for and in consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements contained herein, the parties hereby covenant and agree as follows:接着是正文，最后是证明部分：IN WITNESS WHEREOF，the parties hereto have hereunto set their hands the day and years first above written.随后还包括当事人和见证人的签字。签字日期一

13、般在英文合同最搬弄是非是找不到的。下面列出新加坡、美国、香港和日本的合同格式。A. 新加坡AgreementTHIS AGREEMENT is made the 9th day of August, 2001 between LUCKY INTERNATIONAL LTD, a company incorporated inSingapore and having its registered office at Telek Blongar Rise, Singapore 19569 (hereinfater called The Company)of the part and JACK Wo

14、ng (NRIC No._ /A) of 108 Orchar Road, Singapore 01688 (hereinafter called The Mangager) of the other part.WHEREAS:1. The company is engaged in IT business and requires a person with the necessary qualifications and experience to manage its business.2. .NOW IT IS HEREBY AGREED as follows:1. The compa

15、ny shall employ the Manager and the Manager shall serve the Company as manager of the Companys IT business for a period of two years commencing on 1st day of September2. .IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have set their hand the day and year first above written.THE SCHEDULE ABOVE REFERRED TO合同翻

16、译常用句型和词汇Thiscontractismadeintwooriginalsthatshouldbeheldby eachparty. 此合同一式二份，由双方各持一正本。Whatisleftunmentionedincontractmaybeaddedthereasanappendix. 本合同未尽事宜，可由双方增补作为合同附件。TheContractiswritteninquadruplicate(twofororiginalandcopyrespectively)whichshallbecomevalidonthedateofsignature. 本合同一式四份（正副本各两份）自签署后

17、生效ThisContractisexecutedintwocounterpartseachinChineseandEnglish,eachofwhichshallbedeemedequallyauthentic.Thiscontractisin2copieseffectivesincebeingsigned/sealedbybothparties. 本合同为中英文两种文本，两种文本具有同等效力。本合同一式两份。自双方签字（盖章）之日起生效。Thiscontractismadebyandbetweenthebuyersandsellers，wherebythebuyersagreetobuyan

18、dthesellersagreetoselltheunder-mentioned.Commoditiesaccordingtothetermsandconditionsstipulatedbelow. 本合同由买卖双方签订，根据本合同条款，买方同意购买，卖方同意出售以下产品。买方buyer卖方seller项目名称Projectname地址address电话phone传真fax联系人contactperson1. 详细货物清单Detailsupplylist2. 合同价格Contractvalue序号item型号model尺寸size，dimension数量amount，unit单价unitpr

19、ice总价totalprice备注remark货物，运费freight，transportation合同总额（含安装费与税金）Contractamountincl.VAT&installation3. 付款条件paymentconditions，paymentterms4. 交货地点deliveryplace5. 发货期deliverytime6. 安装条款installationclause7. 验收条款inspectionclause8. 保证条款guaranteeclause9. 不可抗拒条款ForceMajeureClause10. 违约条款Breachclause11. 其他条款Mi

20、scellaneousclause12. 买卖双方信息buyerandsellerinformationalong-termcontract长期合同ashort-termcontract短期合同completionofcontract完成合同contractforfuturedelivery期货合同contractforgoods订货合同contractforpurchase采购合同contractforservice劳务合同laborcontract 劳动合同contractnote买卖合同（证书）contractofarbitration仲裁合同contractofcarriage/Car

21、riageContract运输合同PassengerCarriageContract客运合同CargoCarriageContract 货运合同TechnologyContract 技术合同TechnologyDevelopmentContract技术开发合同TechnologyTransferContract技术转让合同TechnicalConsultingContract技术咨询合同TechnicalServiceContract技术服务合同SafekeepingContract保管合同WarehousingContract 仓储合同AgencyAppointmentContract委托合

22、同Trading-TrustContract行纪合同BrokerageContract居间合同Multi-modalCarriageContract多式联运合同contractofemployment雇佣合同contractofinsurance保险合同contractofsale销售合同SalesContract买卖合同ContractforSupplyofPower,Water,Gas,OrHeat供电、水、气、热合同GiftContract赠与合同ContractforLoanofMoney借款合同contractlaw合同法LeasingContract 租赁合同FinancialLe

23、asingContract融资租赁合同ContractsofHiredWork承揽合同ContractsforConstructionProject建设工程合同contractlife合同有效期anicefatcontract一个很有利的合同awrittencontract书面合同anexecutorcontract尚待执行的合同breachofcontract违反合同cancellationofcontract撤消合同contractparties合同当事人contractperiod(orcontractterm) 合同期限contractprice合约价格contractprovisio

24、ns/stipulations合同规定contractsales订约销售contractterms(orcontractclause) 合同条款contractwages合同工资contract合同，订立合同contractor订约人，承包人contractualclaim根据合同的债权contractualdamage合同引起的损害contractualdispute合同上的争议contractualguarantee合同规定的担保contractualincome合同收入contractualliability/obligation合同规定的义务contractualpractice/us

25、age合同惯例contractualspecifications合同规定contractualterms&conditions合同条款和条件contractual合同的，契约的contractual-joint-venture合作经营，契约式联合经营copiesofthecontract合同副本originalsofthecontract合同正本executionofcontract/performanceofcontract 履行合同expirationofcontract合同期满interpretationofcontract解释合同renewalofcontract合同的续订此合同一式二

26、份，由双方各持一正本。Thiscontractismadeintwooriginalsthatshouldbeheldbyeachparty.Whatisleftunmentionedincontractmaybeaddedthereasanappendix. 本合同未尽事宜，可由双方增补作为合同附件。TheContractiswritteninquadruplicate(twofororiginalandcopyrespectively)whichshallbecomevalidonthedateofsignature. 本合同一式四份（正副本各两份）自签署后生效 出口合同(Sales Co

27、ntract)中英文版 模版出口合同(Sales Contract)中英文版编 号(No.) :_签约地点(Signed at) :_日 期(Date) :_卖方(Seller) :_地址(Address) :_电话(Tel) :_传真(Fax) :_电子邮箱(E-mail) :_买方(Buyer) : _地址(Address) : _电话(Tel) :：_传真(Fax) :_电子邮箱(E-mail) : _买卖双方经协商同意按下列条款成交：The undersigned Seller and Buyer have agreed to close the following transacti

28、ons according to the terms and conditions set forth as below:1. 货物名称、规格和质量 (Name, Specifications and Quality of Commodity):2. 数量(Quantity)：3. 单价及价格条款 (Unit Price and Terms of Delivery) :：(除非另有规定，FOB、CFR和 CIF均应依照国际商会制定的2000年国际贸易术语解释通则(INCOTERMS 2000)办理。)The terms FOB,CFR,or CIF shall be subject to th

29、e International Rules for the Interpretation of Trade Terms (INCOTERMS 2000) provided by International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) unless otherwise stipulated herein.)4. 总价 (Total Amount):5. 允许溢短装(More or Less): _%。6. 装运期限(Time of Shipment):收到可以转船及分批装运之信用证_天内装运。Within _ days after receipt of L/C allowing transhipment and part