给排水专业英语汇总.docx

1、给排水专业英语汇总UNIT1污水sewage给水工程water supply engineering废水wastewater排水工程sewage engineering废水采集wastewater collection市政工程civil engineering废水办理wastewater disposal市政工程师civil engineer受纳水体receiving waters环境工程environmental engineering污染pollutionpollute水文学hydrology污染物pollutant水力学hydranlies玷辱、污染contamination水环境nat

2、ural aquatic environment致污物contaminant流域watershed未污染uncontaminated水体waterbody水污染water pollution地表水surface water水污染控制water pollution control淡水freshwater水污染防治water pollution prevention地下水groundwater污水回用wastewater reuse含水层aquiferUNIT2天然含水层natural aquifer水欠缺water scarcity地下含水层underground aquifer地表水资源sur

3、face water resource水文循环natural hydrologic cycle管网Pipe Network渗滤infiltration供水系统water supply system降水precipitation市政配水系统municipal distribution system浸透precolation建筑给水系统 house water supply system蒸发evaporation分区供水系统dual distribution system蒸腾transpiration小区micro district城市水文循环urban hydrologic cycle小社区sm

4、all community水源water source冷水供水系统cold water supply system水资源water resource热水供水系统hot water supply system取水water withdrawal消防系统fire protection system水办理water treatment喷淋系统 fire protection sprinkler system配水water distribution自动水幕系统automatic drencher system用水water use半自动水幕系统.semi automatic drencher syst

5、em消火栓hydrant排水系统drainage system生活排水系统sanitary system工业排水系统industrial system雨水排水系统stormwater system合流制combined sewers分流制separate sewers建筑排水系统building drainage system卫生洁具plumbing fixtures卫浴设备bathroom fixtures输水系统water transmission system漏水率leakage rate配水系统water distribution system环状管网grid (looped)syst

6、em支状管网branching(branched) system下水管道sanitary sewer污水节流管intercepting( 中间截取 ) sewer污水节流系统intercepting sewer system污水节流井sewage intercepting well支管collection ( 目的：采集 )sewer collector sewer生活污水sanitary sewagedomestic sewagedomestic wastewater工业污水industrial wastewater工业污水 /液 /物industrial wastes农业用水agricul

7、tural wastewater/wastes雨水rainwater stormwater水位waterlevel海拔、标高elevation.坡度grade倾斜度slope明渠Open channel开挖excavation深度excavation depth水力剖析hydraulic analysis水头pressure head总水头total headUnit 3水头损失Head loss速度头 动压头 Velocity head静压Static head摩擦水头Friction head水力坡度线Hydranlic grade line重力流Gravity flow水塔Water c

8、astle贮水箱Cistern泵站Pump station给水泵站Water pump station污水泵站Sewage station提高泵站Lift pumping plant增压泵Booster pump离心泵Centrifugal pump潜水泵Submer sible pump潜水艇Submerine深井泵Well pump虹吸 虹吸管Siphon人孔Manhole法兰Flange阀门Valve.闸阀Gate valve合成有机化合物Synthetic organic chemicals泵送系统Pumping system挥发性有机化合物Volatile organic ohemi

9、cals流量Flow rate无机化合物Inorganic chemical流速Fluid velocity微生物Micro organismsmicrobes层流Laminar flow微生物污染Microbial contaminants滞流 粘性流viscous flow病原微生物Pathogenic micro organisms过渡流Transitional flow病原体Pathogenic湍流Turbulent flow病毒Pathogenic bacterin紊流Turbulence flow细菌Bacteria涡流Eddying flow大肠杆菌Coliform bacter

10、ia雷诺数Teynolds number病毒Viruses水质Water guality藻类Algae水源Water sources浊度Turbidity供水水源Water supples放射性Radionuclide原水Raw water感官性状Esthetic qualities未办理水Untreated water审美Esthetic出水Finished water味Taste原水水质Raw-water quality嗅Odo水质标准Water quality standards色Colour水质要求Water quality requirements变色Discolouration饮用

11、水Drink waterpotable water变色Discolor自来水Tap water水质物理参数 Physical parameters of water quality纯水Pure water水的物理性质Physical quality of water饮用水标准Drinking water standards浊度值Turbidity values饮用水一级标 Primary drinking water standards浊度单位Turdidity unit最大同意浓度Maxmum permissible levels污浊单位Turdidmaxmum allowable leve

12、ls嗅阈值Threshold odor number最大污染物浓度Maxmum contaminant levels化学性质Chemical quality主要污染物Primary contaminants水质化学参数 Chemical parameters of water quality有机化合物Organic chemicals溶解氧Dissolved oxygen (DO).溶解氧浓度Do level杀虫剂农药 Pesticide间歇办理方式Batch treatment approach溶解氧均衡Do balance害虫Pest平均 均化Equalization氧损Oxygen de

13、pletion杀虫剂Insecticide平均Equalize有机污染物Organic pollutant除草剂Herbicide调蓄水池Equalization storage生化需氧量Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)杀菌剂Germicide调理池Equalization tank总氮Total nitrogen (TN)细菌Germ蓄水池Storage tank总凯式氮Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN)防腐剂Preservative降解Degrade悬浮固体Suspended solids (SS)保证Preserve分解Decompo

14、se总悬浮固体Total suspended solids (TSS)冲洗剂Cleaning agent分别Separate溶解Dissolved(DS)清洗剂Detergent隔绝Separation总溶解Total dissolved (TDS)发泡剂Foaming agent物理法Physical processUnit 4泡沫Foam物理办理Physical treatment溶解的铁和锰Dissolved iron and manganese化肥Fertilizer物理办理过程Physical treatment process硬度Hardness肥饶的Fertile一级办理Prim

15、ary treatment碱度Alkalinity富营养化Eutrophication初步办理Preliminary treatment盐度Salinity营养的Trophic格栅 筛滤Screening有害物质Toxic and hazardous materials营养水平Trophic level格栅Screen氰化物Cyanides生态位Niche格栅Bar screen急性毒性Acute toxityUnit 5栅条Bars慢性毒性Chronic toxity原污水Raw sewage钢栅条Steel bars基因毒性Genetic toxicity原废水Raw wastes渣耙Cl

16、eaning rakes基因Gene办理水Treated wastes圆形破裂机Circular grinder难降解有机化合物Refractory organic chemicals回用水Redaimed water破裂Grind永远性有机污染物Persistent organic pollutants水办理过程Water processing除砂Degritting致癌化学性Carcinogenic chemicals采集Collect砂Grit三卤甲烷Trihalo methanes处理Dispose沙Sand卤素Halogen办理方法Treatment method除砂Grit rem

17、oval甲基Methyl办理花费Treatment costs沉砂池Grit chamber氯仿Trichloromethane办理单元Treatment process积淀Settling三氯甲烷Chloroform运转模式Operational mode积淀池Settling tank.澄清池Clarifier初澄清池Primary clarifier初沉池Primary settling tank一级出水Primary effluent二级办理Secondary treatment二级办理工艺Secondary treatment process生物办理Biological treatm

18、ent二澄清池Secondary clarifier二沉池Secondary settling tank最后澄清池Final clarifier最后积淀池Final settling tank二级出水Secondary effluent三级办理Tertiary treatment深度办理Advanced treatment废水消毒Waste disinfection出流 出水Effluent flow同意浓度Allowable levels优秀出水 High-quality polished effluent废水办理厂Wastewater treatment plant污水办理厂Sewage

19、treatment plant二级办理厂Secondary treatment plant城市污水办理Municipal wastewater treatment市政工程Municipal engineering土木匠程Civil engineering城市污水办理厂Municipal wastewater treatment plant污水办理能力Sewage treatment capacity电容Capacitance污水办理设备Municipal treatment facilities多反响器设备 Multi-reactor facility办理池 Treatment tank负荷L

20、oad负荷Loadings水力负荷Hydrautic loading污染负荷Pollutant load有机负荷Organic load无机负荷Inorganic load不含化肥、农药 无机的 Unorganic周期性负荷Periodic(intermitlent) loading第五部分：物化办理1混凝n.coagulation混凝过程coagulation process化学混凝chemical coagulation凝集n.aggregation絮凝n.flocculationv.flocculate异向絮凝 perikinetic flocculation同向絮凝 orthokine

21、tic flocculation混凝剂 n. coagulant混凝剂投量 coagulant dosage烧杯实验 jar test最正确混凝剂投量 optimum coagulant dosage助凝剂 coagulant aid助凝剂 flocculation aid聚电解质 n. polyelectrolytes迅速混淆 flash-mix ,rapid-mix迅速混淆器 flash mixer ,rapid mixer.混淆池 mixer tank迅速混淆池 flash-mix tank絮凝器 n. flocculator絮凝池 flocculation tank固体接触池 soli

22、ds-contact tank澄清 n. clarificationv.clarify澄清池n.clarifier高负荷澄清池high rate clarifier澄清水clarifying water2积淀n.sedimentation沉降 n.sedimentation自由沉降plain settling拥堵沉降hindered settling重力沉降gravity settling积淀池settling tank积淀池，沉降池sedimentation tank矩形积淀池rectangular settling tank圆形积淀池circular settling tank管式积淀池t

23、ube settler斜管积淀池 steeply inclined tube settler板式积淀池 parallel-plate settler板式积淀池 plate separator气浮 n. floatation泡沫分别 foam separation溶气气浮 dissolved-air floatation气浮池 floatation tank表面撇渣装置 surface-skimming device.撇去v.skim助滤剂filter aid浮渣n.scum滤后水，滤出水filtered water浮渣槽scum trough滤后水，滤池出水filter effluent刮泥机

24、sludge scraper滤前水，滤池进水filter influent排泥sludge drawoff浊度穿透turbidity breakthroughsludge withdrawal过滤周期filter cycle预积淀n.presedimentation冲洗周期cleaning cycle预积淀池presedimentation basin刮砂法scraping method表面刮砂surface scraping3过滤n.filtration反冲刷backwashing滤池n.filter水力反冲刷hydraulic backwashing慢滤池slow filter水力反冲刷h

25、ydraulic backwash快滤池rapid filter水力分级hydraulic grading高速（负荷）滤池high rate filter砂滤池sand filter4消毒n.disinfection慢砂滤池slow sand filterv. disinfect快砂滤池rapid sand filter消毒剂n.disinfectant重力滤池gravity filterdisinfection agent压力滤池pressure filter杀菌剂n.germicide过滤介质，滤料filter medium消毒过程disinfection process石英砂 silic

26、a sand消毒副产物disinfection by-products无烟煤n.anthracite氯化n.chlorination硅藻土diatomaceous earthv.chlorinate煤砂滤床coal-sand beds氯化水chlorinated water多层滤料multilayered media预氯化n.prechlorination混淆滤料mixed media氯化消毒副产物by-products of chlorination双层滤料滤池dual media filter化学消毒剂chemical disinfectants双层滤池two-layer filter液氯liquid chlorine ,粗滤料coarse medialiquefied chlorine细滤料fine media氯胺n.chloramines.次氯酸盐 hypochlorites次氯酸钠 so