国际贸易实务英语课后练习答案.docx

1、国际贸易实务英语课后练习答案UnitoneI.FindinthetexttheEnglishequivalentsforthefollowing:protectionismdomesticmarketinterferencedirectinvestmentrestrictionbefirstvoicedbydominatemercantilismconsumeoutflowofcurrencycurrencyportfolioinvestmentII.FillintheblankswithproperEnglishterms:1)Merchandiseexports2)Serviceexpor

2、tsandimports3)Merchandiseimports4)Internationaltrade5)Directinvestment(FDI)6)PortfolioinvestmentIII.Chooseasuitablewordforeachoftheblanksinthefollowingparagraph:trade;liberalization;facilitate;competition;increasinglyV.(P10)TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese:一个国家出现贸易盈余或贸易顺差，是指该国当前进口货物和效劳的价值小于

3、出口货物和效劳的价值。在重商主义时期，这一差值通过转移黄金弥补，但是在今天是通过持有贸易赤字国家的货币或以该国货币表示的投资来弥补。实质上，盈余国家在给予赤字国家信贷。如果此种信贷最终不能买回足够的货物和效劳，所谓的贸易顺差结果实际上可能对盈余国家不利。I.GivetheChineseequivalentsforthefollowingEnglishterms:1)绝对优势理论2比拟优势理论3国际劳动分工4要素禀赋理论5土地密集型产品6劳动密集型产品7资本密集新产品8获得优势9天然优势10文化要素差异II.(p18-19)TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoCh

4、ineseaccordingtothepatterns:1.即使所有产品都具有绝对优势的国家，因其必须放弃产出效率低的产品转而生产产出效率高的产品，也会从贸易中获益。2.尽管美国产茶与产麦均有绝对优势，可它只在麦子生产上具有相对优势，因其产麦的优势较其产茶的优势更大。3.要素禀赋理论认为，较丰富的生产要素比相对稀缺的要素更加廉价。4.为了做好国际贸易，公司经理除需要掌握业务经营知识，还需要掌握根本的社会科学知识。UnitTwoI.(p27)Findoutthewholeformsofthefollowingshortforms:MTOMultilateralTradingGSPGenerali

5、zedSystemofPreferenceUNCTADUnitedNationsConferenceonTradeandDevelopmentWTOWorldTradeOrganizationMFNMostFavoredNationLDClessdevelopedcountriesGATTGeneralAgreementonTariffsandTradeECEuropeanCommunityIIFillintheblankswithproperwords:1)policies;discourage2)government3)117;36%;24%4)negotiations;to;trade5

6、)free;wouldaccept/permitI.(p35-36)IdentifyinthetexttheEnglishequivalentsforthefollowing:prohibitivetariffvalueaddedtaxregulatorytariffadvaloremtariffprotectivetariffdutiablepriceretaliatorytariffretailpricecountervailingtariffwholesalepricepunitivetaxlicenseSpecialDrawingRightclandestinerevenuetarif

7、fnon-tariffbarriersgovernmentprocurementcoordinationinfantindustrycustomsvaluationII.(p36)TranslatethefollowingintoChinese:大多数国家目前就估价的程序达成了一致。海关官员首先必须采用发票金额。假设没有发票金额或其真实性可疑的情况下，必须以同类商品价值为根底估价。假设找不到同类商品，就必须以根本同时期进海关的相似产品为根底进展估价。IIIpletethefollowingsentences:1.thecustoms;import/exportgoods2.Tariffordu

8、ty;under3.dumping;levyinganti-dumpingtariff4.duty;value5.increasing;imported;gainIV.Fillintheblankswithproperprepositions:of;on;with;from;with;for;to;at;by;atI.(p44)FindinthetexttheEnglishequivalentsforthefollowing:foreigncurrencyretentiontariffexemptionpreferentialconditionmonitorexportcreditcertif

9、icatedirectconsignmentGeneralizedSystemofPreferencetariffunionpreference-givingcountryeconomicunionpreference-receivingcountrycommonmarketsignatorynationprincipleoftheplaceoforigintariffregionfreetradezoneregionaleconomicintegrationinternationalfinancialmarketNationalCommercialInspectionBureauandits

10、subordinatesII.(p44-45)TranslatethefollowingintoChinese:进出口数量限制最常见的形式是配额制度。从进口角度讲，配额频频使用的目的是为了限制某一特定年份所允许进口产品的数量。这一数量常常反映出国内生产厂商在特定年份拥有国内市场中一定份额的保障额度。很多年来，美国进口糖配额使美国国内糖业生产厂商占据了近一半国内市场。III.(P45)Findasuitabletermtofillineachofthefollowingblanks:1)EconomicUnion2)Afreetradezone3)theaveragetaxrefunding4)

11、totaltariffexemption5)FormA6)GSP7)encourageexportproduction8)justifiableUnitThreeI.(p51)GivetheChineseequivalentsforthefollowingEnglishterms:1)固有/内在属性2)光泽、款式、构造3)适销性4)社会属性5)适用性6)耐用性7)卫生8)以消毒/杀菌II.Translatethefollowing,payingattentiontotheunderlinedterms:1)Notonlyshouldwetakeintoconsiderationtheintri

12、nsicqualityandouterformorshape,butalsoindividualconsumertastes.2)TostrengthenthecompetitivenessofChinasexportcommodities,wemustimprovetheirquality.3)日本质量管理方法称为“全面质量管理(TQM)，是日本公司为到达质量要求所遵循的程序。4)竞争力战略应优先考虑以下四方面：效率/本钱、可靠性、质量和灵活性。5)在日本，质量是指“产品上乘，顾客不会想到转向其它卖家。III.Fillintheblankswithproperprepositions:to;

13、in;in;of;by;on;in;withoutI.(p55)GivetheChineseequivalentsandexplaintheminsimpleEnglish:1)检验销售2)代表性样品3)参考样品4)复样5)产权6)技术资源7)对等样品8)商检II.(P60)TranslatethefollowingintoChinese:规格修改修订维修/保养保质期/质保期精选水产品补充仲裁示意图/图纸消费安装相关部门奢侈食品跨国公司III.PutthefollowingintoEnglish:qualityfirstqualityreliableproductscustomerfirstq

14、ualityinspectionsystemqualityindicatorsuperiorqualitycorrespondwithsamplesnotthesameasthesampleintangibleassetsfamousbrandproductsstrongandpliablebooklet/manualIV.Findaproperwordforeachblank:select;location;largest;northern;conscious;terms;attract;fast;afford;earningsI.(p64)GivetheChineseequivalents

15、tothefollowingEnglishterms:1)允许误差2质量公差3可变X围4灵活性5鸭绒含量II.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChineseaccordingtothehints:1)某些部件是定制的，需要买卖双方的工程技术人员屡次谈判才能确立正确的规格。2)一些优等蔬菜、水果在消费品市场上翻开了销路。3)汽车旅馆是效劳周到的X例，可视为一种不同的消费产品。一些疲劳的驾驶者总是满意于入住的第一家汽车旅馆，图的是方便。UnitFourI.(P71)Heregiveninthefollowingareshortformsforsomeunitso

16、fmeasureandweight.Pleasegivethecompleteformofeach.ttonozouncelbpoundmimileydyardgalgallonkmkilometerkgkilogramggramsqmsquaremetrebubushelllitreII.(p72)Fillintheblankswithproperpropositionsinthefollowingparagraphs:in;by;by;by;in;in;in;for;in;of;in;in;of;on;of;forI.(p76)FindinthetexttheEnglishequivale

17、ntsforthefollowing:grossweightpricefluctuationnetweightcomputedtareconditionedweightunitweightmoisturecontentcustomarytarenetnetweighttheoreticalweightrealtaremoreorlessclauseaveragetareuniformcustomsandpractice(UCP)fordocumentarycreditlegalweightII.FindEnglishexpressionsoftheunderlinedpartsinthefol

18、lowing:RelatedlawsinBritainstipulatethatifthesellerdeliversaquantityofgoodslessthanagreed,thebuyermayrejectthedelivery.Ifthesellerdeliversaquantitygreaterthanthatcalledforinthecontract,thebuyermayonlyaccepttheagreedquantitybutrejecttheexcessportion,orrejecttheentiredelivery.However,UnitedNationsConv

19、entiononContractsfortheInternationalSaleofGoods(CISG)stipulatesthatthebuyermaytakedeliveryorrefusetotakedeliveryofpartorwholeoftheexcessquantity,butinthecaseofunder-delivery,thesellermaymakeupanydeficiencyinthequantityofthegoodsdeliveredbeforethedatefordelivery,providedthattheexerciseofthisrightdoes

20、notcausethebuyerunreasonableinconvenienceorunreasonableexpanse.III.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinse:1)日本二战前主要出口生丝、绿茶、棉织物、陶瓷品和玩具等，但是战后日本重工业的开展给出口构造带来了巨大变化，轿车、钢铁和船舶等的出口货值相当庞大。2)虽然最近估计的中国外债和之前估计相比少得多，但是中国确实还将大举借债为现代化融资。3)降价确实吸引顾客，所以营销人员经常利用临时性降价来加速把新产品打入市场。4)广告的首要任务是引起注意，假设达不到这一效果，有多少人看到或听到广告都没

21、有用处。5)销售代表可能整个周末都在思考和方案如何做好下周一半小时的产品推介会。UnitFiveI.(p83)TranslatethefollowingintoChinese:裸装货单体运输包装散装货集合运输包装包装货运输包装坛子集装袋/软包装箱麻袋柳条/板箱捆托盘/货盘包转运区域桶桶铁罐IVp85PutthefollowingintoEnglish:glasscontainerfluidmaterialfreshorlivegoodsaircirculationpackingmaterialoversizedoverweightedstipulateexplicitlythatI.(p86)

22、FindinthetexttheEnglishequivalentstothefollowingterms:consuming/consumertastegiftpackingprettifyproducts/commoditiesportablepackingnationalcustomstransparentpackingcreativedesignsuspensiblepackingII.(P86)TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish:1)Intheselectionofpackingmaterialanditsdesign,whatshou

23、ldbeconsideredisthequalityandvalueofgoods.2)High-endgoodsshouldgowithcorrespondingpacking,whichaddstotheirsuperiority.3)Packinglow-endcommoditieswithexpensivematerialwillincreasecostexcessivelya,ndthusaffecttheirsales.4)However,toomuchemphasisattachedtocost-effectivenessandclothinghigh-endcommoditie

24、sincheappackingmaterialcanalsoaffectsales.I.(p91)GivetheChineseequivalentstothefollowingterms:模印识别XX首字母指示性标志/唛头收件人/收货人保险单据发票几何图形转运核实/确认简称陆路共同点通用产品代码尺寸指定品牌腐蚀性物品放射性物品易燃品III.(P92)TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese:1包装必须适合海运，足够结实，能耐粗暴搬运。2打包件需压实，内衬防水保护，在以高品质帆布包裹，外加箍带，捆包成件。3包装箱或其它外包装外形总体尺寸应保持最小，充分保

25、护货物即可。4包装件的两面和上下其中一端都必须以大号普通字体用优质油墨模印出全套唛头和运输号。5所有打包件都须标注有“勿钩字样。Unit6I.(p102)FindinthetexttheEnglishequivalentstothefollowing:exportgoodsinspectionliabilityFOBlinertermscustomsclearanceFOBundertackletrimmingmulti-modaltransportationshipsrailinlandwaterwaystowageII.(P102)Translatethefollowingpassagei

26、ntoChinese:铁路运输时，如果货物数量到达乘车皮，卖方须以适当的方式装载车皮或装载集装箱。铁路方或代表铁路方的另一方接收已装载货车皮或已装载集装箱后，交付完成。当货物数量未到达整车皮或集装箱整箱装时，卖方在铁路收货处移交了货物或将货物装入由铁路方提供的装载工具中后，交付完成。I.(P108)FindinthecontexttheEnglishequivalentstothefollowingterms:unloadingchargeseffectinsuranceCFRextackleCFRexshipsholddocumentarytransactionslinerCFRlinert

27、ermssymbolicdeliveryII.(p109)TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese:1)订立保险合同应找保险承销商或有良好声誉的保险公司。2)可转让提单须包含合同货物；提单签发日期在约定装运期内；能让买方在目的地从承运人手中提取货物。3)有时候在货物贸易中，货物在海运途中被买走，在这种情况下，贸易术语后要加上“路货字样。4)假设按CFR和CIF贸易术语成交，货物灭失或破损的风险此时已经由卖方转移到了买方。5)运输合同确定有关移交货物给承运人运输过程中发运人或托运人的义务。III(p109)Pleasecompletethefollowi

28、ngsentences:1)freightispaidwithCterms2)thebuyer3)thebuyer4)thebuyer5)C&Fterms6)US$11.0007)CarriagePaidto(NamedPlaceofDestination);CostandFreight;Cost,InsuranceandFreightI.(P117)GivetheChineseequivalentstothefollowingEnglishterms:边境交货目的港船上交货目的港码头交货目的地完税交货目的地未完税交货II.Fillintheblankswithproperwords:1)fo

29、rmalities;payable2)sufficient;delivery3)communicate;referredtoIV.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese:1贸易术语受incoterms1990约束，并遵照其解释。2以FOB装运港船上交货计价，含5%佣金。3本钱、保险费加运费纽约交货价，每打20美元CIF，含佣金3%；佣金在卖方收到全部应收货款后给付。4温哥华装运港船上交货价，每公吨1200美元FOB，含平舱理舱费；总价1,200,000美元。5以装运期内三个月伦敦金属交易所99.85%高等级锡价卖方上午均价为根底，按纯度分别为：99.95%加9.00美

30、元99.90%加5.00美元99.85%减3.00美元5合同订立后不得调整价格。IV.Judgewhetherthefollowingpricetermsarecorrectornot.Ifnot,why?1错误。未明确货币改为：US$3.502错误。未明确货币改为：Sterling3003错误。未明确重量单位改为：perm/t4错误。未明确贸易术语改为：FF650perdozenCIFMarseillelessthan1%discount5正确。V.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthetermsgiven:1)Whentheco

31、ntractentersintoforce,thepriceclausehereinshallbinduponbothpartiesnomatterwhethertheexchangeratefluctuatesornot.2)Whenthecontractissigned,anychangeinfreightandadditionalimporttaxshouldbecoveredbythebuyer.3)Incasecostofrawmaterialchangesbeforedelivery,thebuyerisentitledtoadjusttheprice.4)Calculationofcommissionanddiscountisusuall