Unit 2 Lessons from Jefferson.docx

1、Unit 2 Lessons from JeffersonWarm-up Watch a short video about the American presidents. How many do you know? Can you say something about them? George Washington (1732-1799): Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolution, statesman and first President of the United States

2、, born in Westmoreland County, Virginia on February 22, 1732. Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865): the 16th President of the United States, born on February 12, 1809 in a backwoods cabin three miles south of Hodgenville, Kentucky, preserved the Union during the Civil War and brought about the emancipation o

3、f the slaves. Franklin D. Roosevelt (1882-1945): the 32nd President of the United States; elected four times; instituted New Deal to counter the great depression and led country during World War II.Bill Clinton (1946-): the 42nd President of the United States (1993-1996) and the first president born

4、 after World War II, elected to a second term in 1996.National TreasureThe Continental Congress met in June 1776. They decided that the thirteen colonies should be free and independent states, but they needed to write up a specific document to declare their independence from Great Britain. The Conti

5、nental Congress decided to have Thomas Jefferson write the first draft of the Declaration of Independence.Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826) is best remembered as a great President and as the author of the Declaration of Independence. He also won lasting fame as a diplomat, a political thinker, and a foun

6、der of the Democratic Party.Enjoy a short video about Thomas Jefferson Bruce BlivenThomas Jefferson, the third President of the United States, may be less famous than George Washington and Abraham Lincoln, but most people remember at least one fact about him: he wrote the Declaration of Independence

7、.Although Jefferson lived more than 200 years ago, there is much that we can learn from him today. Many of his ideas are especially interesting to modern youth. Here are some of the things he said and wrote:Declaration n. document containing an open public announcementObama will make a declaration o

8、f candidacy again for the presidential campaigns in 2012.Fill in this customs baggage declaration form, please. 请把这份海关行李申报单填好。Historians tend to tell the same joke when they are describing history education in America. Its the one 61 the teacher standing in the schoolroom door 62 goodbye to students

9、 for the summer and calling 63 them, “By the way, we won World War II.” The problem with the joke, of course, is that its 64 funny. The recent surveys on 65 illiteracy (无知) are beginning to numb (令人震惊): nearly one third of American 17?year?olds cannot even 66 which countries the United States 67 aga

10、inst in that war. One third have no 68 when the Declaration of Independence was 69. 61.A.about B. in C. for D. by 62.A.shaking B. waving C. nodding D. speaking 63.A.in B. after C. for D. up 64.A.rarely B. so C. too D. not 65.A.historical B. educational C. cultural D. political 66. A. distinguish B.

11、acknowledge C. identify D. convey 67. A. defeated B. attacked C. fought D. struck 68.A.sense B. doubt C. reason D. idea 69.A.printed B. signed C. marked D. edited One third thought Columbus reached the New World after 1750. Two thirds cannot correctly 70 the Civil War between 1850 and 1900. 71 when

12、they get the answers right, some are 72 guessing. Unlike math or science, ignorance of history cannot be 73 connected to loss of international 74. But it does affect our future 75 a democratic nation and as individuals. The 76 news is that there is growing agreement 77 what is wrong with the 78 of h

13、istory and what needs to be 79 to fix it. The steps are tentative (尝试性) 80 yet to be felt in most classrooms. 70.A.place B. judge C. get D. lock 71.A.Even B. Though C. Thus D. So 72.A.hardly B. just C. still D. ever 73. A. exclusively B. practically C. shortly D. directly 74. A. competitiveness B. c

14、omprehension C. community D. commitment 75. A. of B. for C. with D. as 76.A.fine B. nice C. surprising D. good 77.A.to B. with C. on D. of 78.A. consulting B. coaching C. teaching D. instructing 79.A. done B. dealt C. met D. reached 80.A. therefore B. or C. and D. as Recently, Jeremy Lin frequently

15、obtained the nomination(提名) of The best player for his excellent performance in NBA.Obtain: get through effortMore information about Jeremy Lin can be obtained from the internet.Computer technology enabled the researchers to obtain precise measurements of the volume of the front and side sections of

16、 the brain, which relate to intellect (智能) and emotion, and determine the human character. 计算机技术帮助研究人员获得人脑前部和侧部的准确体积，这是与人的智能和情绪有关的部分，而且也决定人的性格特点。achieve, acquire, attain, gain, obtain都含有一定的“获得,达到”之意 achieve 强调由于极大的努力，克服困难后达到目标。 1.After one year of hard exercise, he finally achieved the top three of

17、the championships.经过一年的刻苦练习,他终于获得了锦标赛的前三名。acquire 指经过不懈努力才获得的技术，知识等抽象的 东西，也指养成习惯等。 2. Alice has _ some very unpleasant habits recently.A. obtained B. gained C. attained D. acquired 爱丽丝最近养成了一些不良的习惯。 3.She _ a good knowledge from the film. A. achieved B. attained C. acquired D. gained 她从影片中学到很多知识。 att

18、ain 正式用语，指经过艰苦努力才使人达到完美境地。 4.In F1,racing car _ a speed greater than 300 km per hour.A. assume B. accomplish C. attain D. assemble方程式F1,赛车的车速每小时高达300公里。 obtain 指经过努力或付出代价或经过很长时间儿得到所需要的东西。5. Who won the prizes _ admiration of all audience.A. obtained B. acquired C. won D. attained获胜者得到了全场对他的敬意。 gain

19、指需要做出比obtain更大的努力，往往指通过竞争获得某些有价值的东西。 6.No _ without pains.A. obtains B. gains C. attains D. acquires 不劳则无获。 Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)Investigation n. detailed or careful examinationLast week, FBI released an investigation report on Steve Jobs. North China launches investigation into deat

20、h of 1,000 pigs.The market investigation is indispensable to sales promotion. Source: n. place from which sth. comes; place where a river starts Jefferson believed that a free man obtains knowledge from many sources besides books and that personal investigation is important. Changjiang River has its

21、 source in Tuotuo River.Television, as a source of entertainment, is relatively cheap. sauce s:s source s:s sour sau sore s:，s(r) shore :, According to a report, a Japanese train station has appointed two monkeys as their stationmaster.Pattern:appoint sb. as appoint sb. (to do) sth. appoint sb. to (

22、a job, post, position, etc.)appoint vt. 任命,委派;约定Elaine Zhao, who was appointed as Secretary of Labor, is the first Chinese in the cabinet of the U.S. government.赵小兰被任命为美国 劳工部部长, 成为美国政府内阁 成员中的第一位华裔. Lets appoint a time for the meeting.我们定个时间开会吧.appointment n. 约会,约定; 任命,委派 You should keep an appointme

23、nt after you make it.约好了就要守约. 1.会上有人建议任命一个十一人委员会来制定新章程。 It was suggested at the meeting that a committee of eleven be appointed to make a new constitution.Criminals are easily caught on the spot with advanced technology. （2008.06）He was afraid that be would be caught on the spot.（2003.09）on-the-spot

24、 a. at the place of action 2) 这些青年科学家通过现场观察，获得了研究工作所需的第一手资料。 By making on-the-spot observations, the young scientists obtained first-hand information they needed in their research work. Go and see. Jefferson believed that a free man obtains knowledge from many sources besides books and that personal

25、 investigation is important. When still a young man, he was appointed to a committee to find out whether the South Branch of the James River was deep enough to be used by large boats. While the other members of the committee sat in the state capitol and studied papers on the subject, Jefferson got i

26、nto a canoe and made on-the-spot observations.noble humblehumble a. low in position; modestIn the past, few noble persons spoke to those of humble origins except to give an order.This is the most humble day of my life .(Rupert Murdoch )Andrew is one of the most supercilious men I know. His brother,

27、in contrast, is quite humble and modest. Knowledge makes humble, ignorance makes proud.博学使人谦逊，无知使人骄傲。 In my humble opinion，we should never have bought the car in the first place.He is eating humble pie.他在忏悔。Eat humble pie 忍辱含垢，低头谢罪在中世纪，贵族出外狩猎总喜欢带着仆人和猎手，猎到鹿等野物之后，鹿肉供主人食用，而猎人和仆人只能吃用鹿内脏（umbles）做的馅饼。吃这种馅

28、饼本身就表明“地位低下”(humble)。后来由于读音的变化，umble读成了humble pie。恰巧这一变化又同吃这种馅饼的人身份相符，因此eat humble pie就成了委婉表达“被迫低声下气地赔不是”的委婉语。 You should stand straight, you neednt eat humble pie. 你应该挺起腰杆，你用不着低三下四。 origin n. 起源出身，血统同descent, hentageThe origins of some words are unknown.He never forgot his humble origins.考by origin

29、 论出身同by birthoriginate vi. (in)起源vt. 创始引起derive vt. 取得vi. 起源于同evolve考derive(.)from导出；由来：Human beings derived from the same ancestors as animals.birth n. 出生血统，出身起源：the birth of the earth考by birth按血统，天生地：She is French by birth but English by marriagegive birth to产生，(喻)孕育born a.天生的，生来的go out of ones wa

30、y to do somethingA: Last night, I got home at nearly one oclock 昨天晚上我将近一点才到家。 B: How come? 怎么回事？ A: I went out of my way to anger my husband. 我故意气一气我丈夫。 B; Its stupid of you to do that 你这么做可真傻。 go out of ones way (to do sth.): take particular trouble or make a special effort ( to do sth.) 特意去(做),故意做

31、某事，想尽各种办法(做) He went out of their way to help us. 他们特地来帮助我们。 You can learn from everyone. By birth and by education Jefferson belonged to the highest social class. (Judging by his family and educational background, Jefferson was a member of the group with top social status.) Yet, in a day when few noble persons ever spoke to those of humble origins except to give an order, Jefferson went out of his way to talk with gardeners, servants, and waiters. （然而，在那个贵族除了发号施令以外很少跟出身卑贱的