3年高考2年模拟1年原创备战高考精品系列之英语专题28 任务型阅读江苏解析版.docx

1、3年高考2年模拟1年原创备战高考精品系列之英语专题28 任务型阅读江苏解析版3年高考2年模拟1年原创精品系列专题28任务型阅读（江苏）【2019年高考命题预测】预测一选材新颖，贴近考生生活。任务型阅读选用的都是考生所熟知的一些话题，2019年高考任务型阅读也一定会选用考生所熟悉并感兴趣的话题，如健康、交友、名胜古迹、校园生活等。当然，考生在平时训练中也要兼顾一些社会热点问题等。预测二难度将有所降低。由2008、2009两年江苏卷的任务型阅读看，其难度较大。而2019年江苏卷的任务型有所下降。为了体现高考应具有的效度，预测2019年任务型阅读的难度于2019年相当。预测三体裁还会以说明文为主兼顾

2、议论文，文章长度稳定。2008、2009、2019三年的任务型阅读都是说明文和议论文相结合的体裁。这类体裁的文章结构一般都比较明晰。平常练习中考生要特别注重对这类体裁的训练，同时也要兼顾其他各种体裁的文章，如议论文、记叙文等。从文章长度上看，2008年是420多个词，2009年是500多个词，2019年是500多个词。由此预测，2019年的任务型阅读的词数应该保持在500词左右。【考点定位】2019考纲解读和近几年考点分布任务型阅读是江苏省在2008年开始采用的一种新的阅读理解考查形式。词汇要求提升至3000个左右。两省的任务型阅读的题型结构为一篇300词左右的短文和表格，要求考生对文中的有效

3、信息实行筛选、整合和综合概括，然后准确、有序地完成表格的空缺(根据说明，一空只填一词)。这不但要求考生有较好的语篇理解水平，同时还必须具有获取有效信息、把握文章整体结构的水平。而且在填写过程中，考生还必须具备较扎实的词法和句法知识，因为所填写的单词不但要准确表达意思，还必须在词性和词形上与上下文的句子结构保持一致或匹配。根据图表的表现形式分为：1组织结构式；2网络式；3射线式。任务型阅读的出现不但有利于考查学生把握文章的篇章结构、综合处理信息的水平，体现出了新课改增加客观表达题的努力，同时对英语教学和高考复习提出了极高的要求。【考点pk】 名师考点透析因为任务型阅读是“新生事物”，学生普遍感觉

4、很难。首先要了解表格的设置，据考试说明中的范例，表格一般是文章的整体行文结构，包括标题、段落大意、文章细节、结论等部分。其次要领悟空缺的类型，如：1筛选类：通过定位题目在文章中的位置即可找到答案，一般为原词。2整合类：要对文章的原句实行加工，根据句型结构变化和语法要求提炼出新词，如：There are mainly two types of sources There are two types of sources(main)The person presenting the program is very passionateThe is very passionate(presenter

5、)3概括类：根据说明，要能概括出文章的标题、段落大意、文章的目的、结论等，要求较高。同学们在填空时务必要仔细，注意单词大小写、单复数、词性等。1）掌握归纳技巧。有时表格中（尤其最上栏、最左栏）需要学生概括相对应栏内的内容，这就要求学生学会使用一些概括性词语。常用归纳概括性词汇有：aims，purposes，reasons，causes，results，effects，advice，suggestions，opinions，topics，background，introduction，advantages，disadvantages，attitudes，features，phenomena(ph

6、enomenon)，tips，characteristics(character)，personality，data，name，sex，conclusion等。有时不但需要记清楚这些概括性词汇，还要熟练掌握该词汇的常用搭配，以便迅速锁定最佳词语。如比较an introduction of something，instructions for something，measures to something和knowledge about something 后，考生们能够根据不同的介词的使用，快速辨清到底应使用这几个相近名词中的哪一个。2）巧妙使用转换。有时原文中的词汇不能直接用来填入空格，要求

7、学生用相对应词组替代转换。这就需要考生们平时多积累英语词汇，学会用英语解释英语，多查英英词典，巧用同义词、反义词、前缀、后缀、常用句型、词语搭配等。4检查答案。主要检查字数是否符合要求，所填内容与原文意思是否保持通顺一致，句意是否连贯，是否符合语法规则等。总来说之，只要考生注意平时多做任务型阅读的题目，多总结各种表格的特点，注意常用词汇的积累，做题时细心并适时随机应变，完全能够游刃有余地应对任务型阅读这种新题型。【三年高考】 14、15、16高考试题及其解析 2019年高考试题2019江苏卷 请阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。

8、An extension of the human brainOther people can help us compensate for our mental and emotional deficiencies(欠缺), much as a wooden leg can compensate for a physical deficiency. To be exact, other people can extend our intelligence and help us understand and adjust our emotions. When another person h

9、elps us in such ways, he or she is participating in what Ive called a “social prosthetic(义肢的) system”. Such systems do not need to operate facetoface, and its clear to me that the Internet is expanding the range of my own social prosthetic systems. Its already a big bank of many minds. Even in its c

10、urrent state, the Internet has extended my memory and judgement.Regarding memory： Once I look up something on the Internet, I dont need to keep all the details for future useI know where to find that information again and can quickly and easily do so. More generally, the Internet functions as if it

11、were my memory. This function of the Internet is particularly striking when Im writing; Im no longer comfortable writing if Im not connected to the Internet. Its become natural to check facts as I write, taking a minute or two to dip into PubMed, Wikipedia, or other websites. Regarding judgement： Th

12、e Internet has made me smarter in matters small and large. For example, when Im writing a textbook, it has become second nature to check a dozen definitions of a key term, which helps me dig into the core and understand its meaning. But more than that, I now regularly compare my views with those of

13、many others. If I have a “new idea”， I now quickly look to see whether somebody else has already thought of it, or something similarand I then compare what I think with what others have thought. This certainly makes my own views clearer. Moreover, I can find out whether my reactions to an event are

14、reasonable enough by reading about those of others on the Internet.These effects of the Internet have become even more striking since Ive begun using a smartphone. I now regularly pull out my phone to check a fact, watch a video, read weibo. Such activities fill the spaces that used to be dead time

15、(such as waiting for somebody to arrive for a lunch meeting)But thats the upside(好处). The downside is that in those dead periods I often would let my thoughts flow and sometimes would have an unexpected insight or idea. Those opportunities are now fewer and farther between.An extension of the human

16、brainA prosthetic nature The 71._ can help make up for our mental and emotional deficiencies as a wooden leg can compensate for a bodily deficiency.It 72._ in our daily events, extending our intelligence, comprehending our feelings，and expanding the range of social activities.Wonderful aspects：memor

17、y and judgement On the Internet，we could quickly and easily locate the details，and check facts，without 73._ them in mind.The Internet makes us smarter over 74._ kinds of things.It provides a dozen definitions of a key term for us to find the 75._ of the matter.The Internet enables us to exchange ide

18、as with many others to 76._ our claims, and to 77._ our actions.The 78_ sides of smartphones Smartphones make it easier and more 79._ to check reality, watch video clips, read weibo.Smartphones 80._ the possibility for new and insightful minds，and steal away our dead time.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了科技对人类生

19、活的影响。假肢补充了人类身体的缺陷；因特网在存储记忆和判断事物方面有强大的功能；智能手机协助人们更方便、快捷地了解时事，不过它也给人们的生活带来了一些不好的影响。71. Internet 根据第一段中的“Its already a big bank of many minds.”可知，网络能补充我们心理和情感上的缺失，故填Internet。72. participates/joins 根据第一段的“When another person helps us in such ways, he or she is participating in what Ive called a social p

20、rosthetic(义肢的) system”中的participating可知答案。73. keeping 根据第二段中的“Once I look up something on the Internet, I dont need to keep all the details for future useI know where to find that information again and can quickly and easily do so.”中的keep可知其构成短语keepin mind“记住”，介词without后跟v.ing形式，故可知答案填keeping。74. al

21、l/different/various 根据第三段中的“The Internet has made me smarter in matters small and large.”可知，网络使我们在很多方面更聪明，故知答案。75. heart/core 根据第三段中的“it has become second nature to check a dozen definitions of a key term, which helps me dig into the core and understand its meaning.”中的core可知答案。76. check 根据第三段中的“But

22、more than that, I now regularly compare my views with those of many others. If I have anew idea， I now quickly look to see whether somebody else has already thought of it, or something similar”可知，网络能使我们相互交换意见从而核实我们的想法，故知答案。77. judge 根据第三段中的“I can find out whether my reactions to an event are reasona

23、ble enough by reading about those of others on the Internet.”可知，我们能够根据其他人的想法来判断我们的行为，故知答案。2019年高考试题2019江苏卷 请阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。People select news in expectation of a reward. This reward may be either of two kinds. One is related to what Freud calls the Pleasure Princip

24、le, the other to what he calls the Reality Principle. For want of better names, we shall call these two classes immediate reward and delayed reward.In general, the kind of news which may be expected to give immediate reward are news of crime and corruption, accidents and disasters, sports, social ev

25、ents, and human interest. Delayed reward may be expected from news of public affairs, economic matters, social problems, science, education, and health.News of the first kind pays its rewards at once. A reader can enjoy an indirect experience without any of the dangers or stresses involved. He can t

26、remble wildly at an axemurder, shake his head sympathetically and safely at a hurricane, identify himself with the winning team, laugh understandingly at a warm little story of children or dogs.News of the second kind, however, pays its rewards later. It sometimes requires the reader to tolerate unp

27、leasantness or annoyanceas, for example, when he reads of the threatening foreign situation, the mounting national debt, rising taxes, falling market, scarce housing, and cancer. It has a kind of “threat value”. It is read so that the reader may be informed and prepared. When a reader selects delaye

28、d reward news, he pulls himself into the world of surrounding reality to which he can adapt himself only by hard work. When he selects news of the other kind, he usually withdraws from the world of threatening reality towards the dream world.For any individual, of course, the boundaries of these two

29、 classes are not stable. For example, a sociologist may read news of crime as a social problem, rather than for its immediate reward. A coach may read a sports story for its threat value： he may have to play that team next week. A politician may read an account of his latest successful public meetin

30、g, not for its delayed reward, but very much as his wife reads an account of a party. In any given story of corruption or disaster, a thoughtful reader may receive not only the immediate reward of indirect experience, but also the delayed reward of information and preparedness. Therefore, while the

31、division of categories holds in general, an individuals tendency may transfer any story from one kind of reading to another, or divide the experience between the two kinds of reward.What news stories do you read？Division of news storiesPeople expect to get 71._ from reading news.News stories are rou

32、ghly divided into two classes.Some news will excite their readers instantly while others wont.72._of the two classes News of immediate reward will seemingly take their readers to the very frightening scene without actual 73._Readers will associate themselves closely with what happens in the news stories and 74._similar feelings with those involved.