非谓语动词作定语语法讲义.docx

1、非谓语动词作定语语法讲义1.如果横线放在了名词或名词 + 逗号之后，则作的是定语。如：The meeting yesterday was very important.The university, in 1902, has a history of a century.2. 翻译：翻译时先把句子的主干部分找出来，然后看剩下的部分The meeting yesterdaywas very important.The university, in 1902,has a history of a century.: 可he meeting held yesterday was very impor

2、tant.1. 和逻辑主语之间的主被动关系2. 时间关系：将要发生、正在发生、已经完成 如：1) The repairs cost a lot, but it s money well .A. to spend B. spent C. being spent D. spending2) The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket the desert.A. covering B. covered C. cover D. to cover3) The last one pays the meal. Agreed! (2007 全国卷 I)

3、A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving1. 能作定语的不定式和分词有： to do, to be done, doing, being done, done(注： having done having done The old man, having waited for the bus for half an hour, found he had left his wallet at home.(这 havi ng waited, ) The old man, who had waited for the bus for half an

4、hour, found he had left his wallet at hometo do: 如: I have a lot of things to do.The years to follow will be very hard.to be done: 和逻辑主语既是被动的，又表示动作还没发生。: 可he meeting to be held tomorrow will be very important.doing (及物动词 )：和逻辑主语是主动关系如： He received a letter saying his mother would come to see him soo

5、n. being done( ) 如： The meeting being held now is very important.done(物 ) 注： Things lost will never come again.We finished the work in less than half the time allowed.如： the developing countries: the developed countries：a)如： He is the best person to do the job.She was the first woman to win the gold

6、 medal in the Olympic Games.b) 如： Do you have the ability to write in English.c) time, place way 如： I need a room to live in.I need a pen to write with.I had money and no place to live( in).d) I have a lot of things to do. to do I have a lot of things to be done. 我有很多事情要做。 (被别人做 别人是 to be done 1. to

7、 be done, being done, done作.to be done： being done:done : The meeting to be held tomorrow will be very important The meeting being held now is very important The meeting held yesterday was very important.2. have someth ing to do have somethi ng to be don e区 have somethi ng to do have something to be

8、 done 主语有事让别人做: H have a lot of things to do. to* do 动作发“I have a lot of things to be done. 我有很多事情要做。 （被别人做，别人是 to be done 1. The prize of the game show is $30,000 and an all expenses vacation to China.A. paying B. paid C. to be paid D. being paid2. I send you 100 dollars today, the rest in a year.A

9、. follows B. followed C. to follow D. being followed3. There have been several new events to the program for the 2008 Beijing OlympicGames.A. add B. to add C. adding D. added4. There are hundreds of visitors in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van Goghpaintings.A. waited B. to wait C. wait

10、ing D. wait5. I was told that there were about 50 foreign students Chinese in the school, most were from Germany.A. study; of whom B. study; of them C. studying; of them D. studying; of whom6. The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games in Beijing in 2008.A. hold B. holding C. held D. to be held

11、7. Mr. Green stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one .A. blamed B. blaming C. to blame D. to be blamed8. Five people won the “ China Gsreen Figure ”award, a title to ordinary people their contributions to environmental protection.A. being given B. is given C. given

12、 D. was given9. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks could be heard outside the classroom. （2007国卷 II）B. to be opened and closedD. to open and closes was the most distinguished building at that time. （海007A. to be completedB. having been completed C. completed D. being completed11. 彳 help t

13、alking to*myself.）（2007D. have lostD. satD. to blow down“Things never come again! ” I couldnA. lost B. losing C. to lose12. Can those at the back of the classroom hear me?A. seat B. sit C. seated13. The trees in the storm have been moved off the road.A. being blown down B. blown down C. blowing down

14、14. We finished the run in less than half the time .15. It is one of the funniest things on the Internet so far this year.A. finding B. being found C. to find D. found16. Ideally _ for Broadway theatre and Fifth Avenue, the New York Park hotel is a favourite with many guests.A. locating B. being loc

15、ated C. having been located D. located17. The play next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.A. produced B. being produced C. to be produced D. havi ng bee n produced18. For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit on his own farm.A. grow n B. being grow n C. to be grow n D. to grow

16、19. The gover nment pla ns to bring in new laws pare nts to take more resp on sibility for theeducati on of their childre n.A. forced B. forci ng C. to be forced D. havi ng forced20. Now that we ve discussed out problem, are people happy with the decisions ?A. tak ing B. take C. take n D. to take21.

17、 We are in vited to a party in our club n ext Friday.A. to be held B. held C. bei ng held D. holdi ng22. With the gover nment s aid, those by ttheqeake have moved to the new settleme nts.A. affect B. affecti ng C. affected D. were affected23. There is a great deal of evidenee that music activities e

18、ngage different parts of thebrai n.A. i ndicate B. i ndicati ng C. to in dicate D. to be in dicat ing24. With the world cha nging fast, we have someth ing new with all by ourselves every day.A. deal B. dealt C. to deal D. deal ing25. Mrs. White showed her stude nt some old maps from the library.A. t

19、o borrow B. to be borrowed C. borrowed D. borrowi ng26. Im calling to enquire about the position in yesterdays China Daily.A. advertised B. to be advertise d C. advertising D. having advertised27. So far n obody has claimed the money in the library.A. discovered B. to be discovered C. discoveri ng D

20、. havi ng discovered28. I have a lot of readi ngs before the end of this term.A. complet ing B. to complete C. completed D. being completed29. His first book next month is based on a true story.A. published B. to be published C. to publish D. being published30. A great number of students said they w

21、ere forced to practise the piano.A. to questio n B. to be questi oned C. questio ned D. questi oning31. Many buildings in the city need repairing, but the one first is the library.A. repaired B. being repaired C. repairi ng D. to be repaired32. The traffic rule says young childre n un der the age of

22、 four and less tha n 40 pounds mustbe in a child safety seat.A. being weighed B. to weigh C. weighed D. weighi ng33. Thai is the only way we can imagi ne the overuse of water in stude nts bathrooms.A. reduci ng B. to reduce C. reduced D. reduce34. On hearing a phone call from his wife she had a fall

23、, Mr.Gordon immediately rushedhome from his office.A. says B. said C. say ing D. to say35. The isla nd, to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.A. joi ning B. to join C. joi ned D. havi ng joined36. Rece ntly a survey prices of the same goods in two differe nt supermarkets has causedheated deb

24、ate among citize ns.A compared B compari ng C compares D bei ng compared37. The next thing he saw was smoke from beh ind the house.A. rose B. rising C. to rise D. rise n38. The ability an idea as importa nt as the idea itselfA express ing B expressed C to express D to cover39. The players from the w

25、hole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game .A selecti ng B to selected C selected D hav ing selected40. Look over there- there s a very long, winding path up to the house.A. leadi ng B. leads C. led D. to lead41. Tsin ghua Uni versity, in 1911,is home to a great nu mber of outst

26、a nding figures.A. found B. founding C. foun ded D. to be foun ded42. We rehav ing a meeti ng in half an hour. The decisi on at the meeti ng will in flue nee thefuture of our compa ny.A. to be made B. being made C. made D. havi ng bee n made43. After completing and signing it, please return the form

27、 to us in the envelope .A. providi ng B. provided C. hav ing provided D. provide44. The lecture, at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon withtelescopes.A. start ing B. being start ing C. to start D. to be started45. Joh n has really got the job because he showed me the offi

28、cial letter him it.A. offeredB. offeri ngC. to offerD. to be offered1-5BCDCD6-10CCCCC11-15ACBCD16-20DCABC 21-25ACBCC26-30 AABBC31-35DDBCC36-40BBCCA 41-45CABAB2.1.1. 宾语补足语A. 如果横线部分放在了及物动词 +名词或代词之后。 如： I hear him in the next room.注：能跟宾语 + 宾语补足语的动词常见的有以下三类：1. 感官动词： see, watch, look at, observe, notice,

29、 hear, listen to2. 使役动词： have, let, make, get3. find, keep, wan t, leave catch如：Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car .A . washed B. wash C. washing D. to wash 、I looked up and noticed a snake its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.A. to wind B. wind C . winding D. wound

30、allow, permit, forbid, persuade, require, remind, invite, wish, warn, encourage, call on 等。注：特别关注 allow 和 permit 的用法Allow/permit doingAllow/permit sb to doSb be allowed/permitted to do: We dontallow smoking here.We dontallow you to smoke here.You are not allowed to smoke here.hope, suggest hope sb t

31、o do suggest sb to do B. 如果横线放在 with + 名词或代词之后。如：The old couple often take a walk after super in the park with their pet dog .A. to follow B . following C. followed D. follows2. 主语补足语下 列 结 构 中 用 不 定 式 作 主 语 补 足 语 ， 它 们 是 ： sb be said/believed/known/reported/considered/thought .The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported the world record in the110-meter hurdle race. （2007 辽宁卷 ）A. breaking B. having broken C. to have broken D. to break