外研英语选修七语言点整理.docx

1、外研英语选修七语言点整理Module 1 Basketball一、重难点单词与短语 1abrupt adj.（1）意外的，突然的： e.g.an abrupt change in the weather （2）无理的，唐突的 e.g.He has an abrupt manner. （3）陡的，险峻的；急转的 e.g.an abrupt hill an abrupt turn词性变化： abruptly adv. 突然地，唐突地 abruptness n. 突然，唐突；(举止, 言谈等的)粗鲁无理 2absorb v. （1）吸收（液体）；承受；承担 e.g.absorb moisture f

2、rom the air We will not absorb these charges. （2）吸取（知识）；占有 e.g.The boy absorbs new knowledge quickly. =The boy absorbs into new knowledge quickly. =The boy takes in new knowledge quickly.This job absorbs all of my time. 注意：absorb in的意思是“吸引，专心于”，absorb into才是“吸收”。 （3）吸引；使专心；使全神贯注 e.g.to absorb in stu

3、dy The writer was absorbed in his writing that he forgot to flick the ashes from his cigar.be absorbed in 全神贯注在，一心从事，热衷于 拓展：“全神贯注，专心”的表达方法： be lost in/lose oneself in 全神贯注于；沉湎于 e.g.She lost herself in the book. bury (oneself) in 埋头于；专心于 e.g.He buried himself in his work. concentrate/focus()on 集中在；专心

4、于 e.g.You must try to focus your mind on work and study. A driver should concentrate on the road when driving.（4）并吞；兼并 e.g.to absorb the small states In the past 10 years, the company has gradually absorbed all its smaller rivals.3apologize/apologise v. 道歉，辩白 常见搭配： apologize to sb. apologize to sb.

5、for sth. apologize to sb. for doing sth. apologize for oneself e.g.I have come to apologize to you. I apologized to her for stepping on her foot. I must apologize to you for being late. He apologized for having to leave early. 词性变化：apology n. 道歉；辩解；辩护 make/offer an apology to sb. for (doing) sth.4ap

6、point vt.任命，委派 e.g.The President appointed a new cabinet member. We must appoint a new teacher at once to the mountain school.习惯用法： （1）appoint sb.(to be)+职务或appoint sb. as+职务：任命某人为 （to be可以省略；注意职务前不加任何冠词。） e.g.appoint sb. to a post 派某人任某职 （2）appoint (+时间、地点等)to do：指定或约定做某事 e.g.to appoint a time for

7、the meeting They appointed a place to exchange stamps. 辨析：appoint, name和assign appoint指官方委任。 e.g.He was appointed as export manager of the firm.He was appointed mayor of the city. name提名，指定（非正式用语，一般不强调被推选的职务） e.g.Since no one has volunteered, I hereby name the following to take charge of the matter.

8、assign委派，分配（一般不涉及职位） e.g.He was assigned an important mission. 派生词： appointment n. 约会，安排 appointee n. 被任命者 appointer n. 任命者 disappoint vt. 使失望 disappointed adj. 失望的 disappointing adj. 令人失望的 disappointment n . 失望；令人失望的人 5confirm v.（1）证实，进一步确定 e.g.The expression on her face confirmed our worst fears.（

9、2）批准 e.g.When do you think the president will confirm you in office？ 6attend v.（1）attend作及物动词，意为“出席、参加”（= be present at or go to）。 e.g.Did you attend the concert last night？ She attends church every day. 注：attend主要用来表示参加或出席会议、听课、上学或看演出等，成为这一集体活动的一名听众或观众。 （2）attend作及物动词，意为“护理、照料”（= look after, treat）

10、。 e.g.She had to stay at home to attend her sick mother.The doctor has many patients to attend every day.（3）attend作不及物动词，意为“注意、倾听”（= pay attention to ），这时常与介词to 连用。 e.g.Please attend to what Im going to say. 7basis n. 基础；根据；主要部分 e.g.What is the basis of your opinion？ Dont evaluate a person on the ba

11、sis of appearance. The basis of this drink is orange juice. 辨析：base与basis这两个词在作名词时可表示“基础；基地”，但其意义是不同的。base用来指某物体的具体“基础”或底部的“支柱”。 e.g.We camped at the base of the mountain. Our companys base is in New York, but we have extended many branches all around the world.而basis则用来表示抽象意义上的“基础”，常用于比喻句。 e.g.What

12、s the basis of your opinion？ We are willing to develop economic relations with all countries on the basis of mutual benefits.习惯用语： on a fifty-fifty basis 对等地(平分)on.basis (=on the basis of) 以为根据，在基础上 provide a .basis for 为提供根据 8average（1）average作名词，表示“平均”。 e.g.The average of 4,5 and 9 is 6. Parents s

13、pend an average of $220 a year on toys for their children. The living standard of the people there is above the average.常见短语：on average 平均 e.g.After he became famous, he received 50 letters a day on average.We fail one student per year on average.（2）average作形容词，表示“平均的”。 e.g.The average age of the st

14、udents in our class is seventeen.9be rude to sb. 对人很粗鲁，对某人粗暴无礼 e.g.He was punished because he was rude to his teacher.If you are rude to the boss, you will lose chances of success.反义：be friendly/good/kind to sb. 对友好 10attract/draw sb.s attention 引起某人的注意，使某人注意 常见attention短语： attract/draw sbs attentio

15、n to 将某人的注意力吸引到上去 pay attention to/give ones attention to 注意 call sb.s attention to 叫某人注意 bring sth. to sb.s attention 使某人注意 turn sb.s attention to 把注意力转到 fix/focus/hold/center sb.s attention on sth. 把注意力集中在 e.g.We should pay attention to state affairs. Give your whole attention to what you are doin

16、g.She drew my attention to a mistake in the report. She turned her attention to a new problem. 11if necessary 如必要的话 当从句是由“引导词十it is/it wasadj.”这一结构时，可将it is或it was省略，类似的说法有when necessary, when possible, if possible等。 e.g.If necessary, well try our best to help you.（If it is necessary,） If necessary,

17、 we shall send a telegram home. This difficulty must be avoided if possible.12take possession of 占有，占领 e.g.The army took possession of this area two hours ago. The old couple took possession of the house 30 years ago. He took possession of this car last year.拓展：(sb. be) in possession of sth. 某人占有/拥有

18、 e.g.Who is in possession of the property？ He is in possession of this house.I am in possession of the beautiful car.The person in possession of the big house is excited.in the possession of =in sb.s possession 某物/某人被某人所占 e.g.That island was in the possession of that country late in the sixteenth ce

19、ntury. The beautiful car is in my possession/in the possession of me.My brother is in possession of all the business. =All the business is in the possession of my brother. 二、句子解析 1Michael Jordan was the second player to score more than 3,000 points in a season.the first/second/thirdlast to do意为“第一/二

20、/三最后一个做的人”。英语中，常在序数词后用不定式结构来指“第几个做某事的人”。 e.g.Tom is always the first to come and the last to leave.China was one of the first countries in the world to study the science of farming.Alice was the first to arrive. 2At one point, Chamberlain was so much better than all the other players that they chang

21、ed the rules of the game to try to stop him.（1）at one point意为“一度，曾今”。 e.g.My friend and I saw a film yesterday and at one point she was moved to tears. （2）本句中的sothat意为“如此以致”，引导结果状语从句，可用于以下 句型： soadj. /adv.thatsoadj.a/an单数名词thate.g.It is so beautiful a bike that we all like it.提醒：不可说：It is a so beaut

22、iful bike that we all like it.拓展：“如此以致”句型也可用such表达，可用以下句型： such a/an单数名词thatsuch + adj.复数名词/不可数名词thate.g.The bike is so beautiful that we all like it.=It is such a beautiful bike that we all like it.注意：英语中象too, as, so, that等词与形容词一起修饰单数可数名词时，应该用句型too/as/so/thatadj.a/ann.结构。 （3）句中much修饰形容词比较级better, m

23、uch, rather, a lot, a great deal, far, by far, not a little等修饰比较级表示“得多”。 e.g.This kind of paper was as soft as light, but much less expensive.This hat is rather more expensive than that. Jack is a lot taller than Lucy. This village is a great deal richer than that one. They need far more money than

24、we do.Tom is by far the cleverer of the two.注意： 用by far修饰比较级时比较级前应有定冠词the。 much修饰比较级，more用于多音节词或部分双音节词前构成比较级。 very不能修饰比较级。 rather可修饰比较级，fairly却不可。 a lot, a great deal修饰比较级时表示程度，词组中不带of。 3The giant player the NBAs Philadelphia Warriors in the 1959-1960 season and was an immediate success. success在这里作

25、可数名词（抽象名词具体化），意为“成功的人或事”。 e.g.He was not a success as a teacher.The conference was a success. 抽象名词一般是不可数名词，但有些抽象名词可以具体化，用作可数名词，表示“的人/事” 。 类似的词有：surprise, pity等，但fun作“开心的人或事”仍是不可数名词。 4But there is no doubt that he deserves the title “outstanding player of his generation”. doubt用在否定句中，后面接that引导的同位语从句。

26、 e.g.I have no doubt that he will succeed. There is no doubt that they will agree with you on this matter. There is no doubt that he is guilty.doubt用作名词常与about/of/as to/on等介词连用。e.g.There is no doubt about it. I have no doubt of his ability. She has her doubts as to this being true. No one has any do

27、ubt on this point.。 三、典型例题讲解 1How about putting some pictures into the report？ _ A picture is worth a thousand words.（江苏卷） ANo way. BWhy not？ CAll right？ DNo matter.答案：B 2I must apologize _ you know ahead of time. Thats all right. Afor letting not Bfor not letting Cto let Dnot to let答案：B选择题：1Mr. Gre

28、en has recently been _ of the company. Aappointed to president Bappointed president Cappointed a president Dappointed the president 2Try to explain this new theory and give actual examples _.Aif it needed Bwhen necessaryCwhere they are possibleDwhen you are possible3You will soon _ it.Abe used to Bu

29、sed toCuse to Dbe use to4The girl didnt even look up, all her attention was _ on the pretty doll.Apaid BgivenCdrawnDfixed5The party was _ success. We sang and danced until it came to _ end at midnight. Aa; anBa; the Cthe; anD/;an6My father was among the first people _ to the west. AgoingBto goCgone

30、Dhaving gone7Great attention must be paid_ education, especially in the countrysideAdevelop Bto developCto developing Ddeveloping8一How are the team playing?Theyre playing well, but one of them _ hurt. Agot BgetsCare Dwere9The boy used to be good. We are _ about why he has changed that much.AworriedBpleas