高一入学教育考试题生物.docx

1、高一入学教育考试题生物2019-2020年高一入学教育考试题生物一、选择题（1-30题，每题2分，共60分）1、下列可以看作一个种群的是 （ ）A、一个池塘中的鱼 B、一片草地上的所有昆虫 C、一个牧场的奶牛 D、一个公园里的所有蒲公英2、下列关于显微镜操作的方法中，正确的是（ ）对光时，阳光照在反光镜上，视野越亮越好进行低倍镜与高倍镜的转换时，扳动物镜转动较省力使用完毕后，要用干布拭去载物台上的水和脏物装箱之前，应下降镜筒，使物镜插入通光孔中取、放显微镜时，要左手托镜座，右手握镜壁，并且要轻拿轻放A、 B、 C、 D、3、若用一显微镜观察同一标本4次，每次仅调整目镜或物镜和细准焦螺旋，结果如

2、图所示。试问其视野最暗的是（ ）4、细胞的统一性体现在 （ ）细胞都有相似的基本结构，如细胞膜、细胞质、遗传物质真核细胞细胞核有染色体，原核细胞无染色体，但有拟核，其中都含有遗传物质真核细胞多种多样，原核细胞多种多样，而真核细胞和原核细胞又不一样A、 B、 C、 D、5、下列叙述与细胞学说不符的是（ ）A细胞是一个有机体，一切动植物都由细胞发育而来，并由细胞和细胞产物所构成B细胞是一个独立的单位.C细胞既有它自己的生命，又对与其他细胞共同组成的整体的生命起作用D新细胞可以从老细胞中产生6、用显微镜观察洋葱鳞片表皮的同一部位，应选择下列哪种目镜和物镜的组合，才会使视野内所看到的细胞数目最多？（

3、）A、目镜5，物镜10 B、目镜10，物镜100C、目镜15，物镜40 D、目镜10，物镜407、下列各项中，不具有细胞结构的是A、细菌和变形虫 B、烟草花叶病毒和噬菌体 C、真菌和草履虫 D、蓝藻和乳酸菌8、原核细胞中，核区内的核物质主要是指（ ）A、DNA B、RNA C、蛋白质 D、染色体9、下列事实中，没有支持“生命活动离不开细胞”观点的是（ ）AHIV病毒由蛋白质和核酸组成 B乙肝病毒依赖人体肝细胞生活C草履虫会逃避有害刺激 D父母亲通过精子和卵细胞把遗传物质传给下一代10、与乌龟的心脏所属的生命系统的结构层次相同的是（ ）A、人的血液 B、人的肌纤维 C、人的皮肤 D、人的呼吸系统

4、11、美国细胞生物学家威尔逊（E BWilson）曾经说过：“每一个生物科学问题的答案都必须在细胞中寻找”。他做出这一结论的理由最可能是 A细胞内能发生一切生命活动 B有些生物是由一个细胞构成的C各种生物的生命活动是在细胞内或细胞参与下完成的D细胞是一切生物体结构和功能的基本单位12、大肠杆菌细胞中不具有（ ）A、细胞核膜 B、细胞质 C、细胞器 D、细胞膜13、在生命系统的结构层次中，既是细胞层次，也是个体层次的是 （ ） A水螅 B心肌细胞 C变形虫 D卵细胞14、下列关于高倍镜的使用的描述，错误的是（ ）A、先在低倍镜下看清楚，再换用高倍镜B、转到高倍镜后，先用粗准焦螺旋调节，再用细准焦

5、螺旋调节C、低倍转到高倍视野会变暗D、高倍镜缩小了观察的视野，放大了倍数15xx年4月的“阴性艾滋病”事件引发社会各界关注，由此加重了人们的“恐艾”心理。关于艾滋病病毒(HIV)，下列叙述正确的是 AHIV是一种单细胞生物，在分类上属于原核生物B由于HIV属于细菌，所以其营寄生生活C获取大量HIV的方法是将其接种在营养物质齐全的培养基上培养DHIV的生命活动离不开最基本的生命系统16下列关于显微镜的操作步骤之中，正确的是( )A. 对光放片低倍镜观察移片高倍镜观察B对光移片低倍镜观察放片高倍镜观察C. 对光放片高倍镜观察移片低倍镜观察D对光放片低倍镜观察对光高倍镜观察17.下列生物中不属于真核

6、生物的是（ ） 噬菌体 颤藻 酵母菌 衣藻A B C D18细胞学说的提出，揭示了细胞的（ ）A多样性 B统一性 C多样性和统一性 D细胞本身就是一个生命系统19.若以图甲代表与生命系统相关概念的范围，其中正确的是（ ）供选项abcA生物大分子细胞组织B个体种群群落C生态系统群落种群D组织系统器官20组成玉米和人体的最基本的元素是 （ ） A 氢元素 B 氧元素 C 氮元素 D 碳元素 21.生物界与非生物界具有统一性，是因为 （ ）A构成细胞的化合物在非生物界都存在 B构成细胞的无机物在非生物界都存在 C构成细胞的化学元素在非生物界都存在 D生物界与非生物界都具有新陈代谢的功能22.一般情况

7、下，活细胞中含量最高的化合物是（ ）。A水 B蛋白质 C糖类 D脂肪23医生常给低血糖病人静脉注射50%的葡萄糖溶液，其主要目的是（ ）。A供给全面营养 B供给能源物质 C供给水分 D维持血浆的酸碱平衡24.生物体生命活动的主要承担者、遗传信息的携带者、结构和功能的基本单位、生命活动的主要能源物质依次是（ ）。A核酸、蛋白质、细胞、糖类 B蛋白质、核酸、细胞、脂肪C蛋白质、核酸、细胞、糖类 D核酸、蛋白质、糖类、细胞25纤维素被称为第七营养素，食物中的纤维素虽然不能为人体提供能量，但能促进肠道蠕动、吸附排出有害物质。从纤维素的化学成分看，它是一种（ ）。A二糖 B多糖 C氨基酸 D脂肪26.

8、下列结构属于肽键的是（ ）。 27.保健品“黄金搭档”组合维生素片中含钙、铁、锌、硒等元素，其中属于组成生物体的大量元素的是( )A钙 B铁 C锌 D硒28氨基酸通式中R基的不同，决定了（ ）A生物的不同种类 B氨基酸的不同种类 C肽链的不同种类 D蛋白质的不同种类29刚收获的粮食要摊开晾晒一段时间以除去一部分水分；粮食入库储存前，还要晾晒一下。请说明除去的水分在细胞中主要以哪种形式存在？（ ）A蛋白质 B自由水 C重水 D蒸馏水30某儿童患佝偻病，发烧时就会抽搐，医生建议他平时要多食用（ ）A新鲜水果和蔬菜 B钙片和维生素D C谷物种皮 D蛋白质与糖类二、非选择题（每空2分，共40分）31、

9、研究人员对取自5种不同生物的部分生活细胞（甲、乙、丙、丁、戊）进行分析、观察等实验，获得的结果如表：（表中“”表示有，“”表示无）5种不同生物的部分生活细胞结构分析核膜叶绿素叶绿体细胞膜细胞质细胞壁甲乙丙丁戊请据表作答：甲、乙、丙、丁、戊5种细胞中（1） 最可能取自高等植物，判断的依据是 。（2） 最可能取自动物，判断的依据是 。（3） 最可能是原核细胞，判断的依据是 。(4)在显微镜下观察发现人口腔上皮细胞的形态一般呈球形，而蚕豆叶肉细胞呈长方形，从细胞结构上分析产生这一差异的主要原因是人口腔上皮细胞_。32、观察分析下列生命系统的结构层次图解（以刺槐为例），回答有关问题叶肉细胞叶刺槐种群群

10、落生态系统生物圈（1）以上生命系统中属于器官层次的是 。（2）在生命系统各个层次中，能完整地表现出各种生命活动的最微小的层次是 。（3）一个刺槐林在生命系统中应属于 层次。（4）生命系统层层相依，又各自有特定的 、 、 。33.补全第二单元概念图：组成细胞的分子 组成细胞的元素组成细胞的化合物 根据在细胞内的含量2无机化合物31无机盐7糖 类654天水一中xx级入学教育考试试题生物答案一、选择题（1-30题，每题2分，共60分）15：DCCCB 6-10ABAAC 11-15CACBD 16-20AABCD 21-25CABCB 26-30BABBB二、非选择题（每空2分，共40分）31（1）

11、甲、乙 甲、乙细胞有核膜和细胞壁可推知为植物细胞（2）丙 有核膜却无细胞壁（3）丁、戊 无核膜 (4)无细胞壁32（1）叶 （2）叶肉细胞（3）生态系统 （4）组成、结构、功能33大量元素 微量元素 有机化合物 脂质 蛋白质 核酸 水（字体加粗的次序可变）2019-2020年高一入学教育考试题英语第一部分 英语基础知识运用 （共三节，满分40）第一节语音知识（共5小题：每小题1分，满分5分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1. upset A. suffer B. fluent C. attitude D. bury2. p

12、ersuade A. attack B. guidance C. quality D. stage3. concern A. suffering B. German C. eastern D. reporter4. overcoat A. recover B. vocabulary C. lorry D. hopeful5. loose A. lose B. easy-going C. breakfast D. series第二节 单项填空 （共10小题：每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。6. Its not good i

13、dea to drive for four hours without break. A. a; a B. the; a C. the; the D. a; the7. Last Sunday, Mr. Green asked Lily she had written to her mother .A. that; yesterday B. that; the day beforeC. whether; yesterday D. whether; the day before8. I am going to America.how long you there?A. are; stayed B

14、. are; staying C. have; stayed D. did; stay9. John thought it wouldnt be long he was ready for his new job. A. since B. when C. before D. after10. Tom helped us settle down in this new city, is very kind of him.A. that B. it C. which D. where11. A person may often the various stages of sadness, shoc

15、k, anger, and so on.A. get through B. go through C. get over D. go over12. When the sun _ in the east, the little hero tried hard _ the red flag to the top of the pole.A. rising to rise B. rose to raise C. raise to rise D. rising raising13. Look! The telephone is broken. Someone damaged it purpose.T

16、hat may be right. But perhaps it was broken accident.A. on; by B. by; by C. on; on D. by; on14. Mike insisted that he _ nothing wrong and _ free.A. did set B. had donebe setC. doshould be set D. had done must be set15. - Would you mind if I turn on the radio and listen to some music?- _. In fact, I

17、also like to listen to music in my car. A. No, go ahead B. Yes, I would C. No, you cant D. Yes, no problem16. The book into thirty languages since it came on the market in 1973. A. was translated B. has translated C. has been translated D. translated17. In the good care of the nurse, the boy is reco

18、vering from his heart operation. A. quietly B. actually C. practically D. gradually18. - Why dont you ride your bicycle today? - Oh, it broke down. It _ now.A. is repairing B. is being repaired C. is repaired D. will repair19. The doctor thought would be good for the patient to drink more water. A.

19、this B. that C. one D. it20. According to my grandma, it is a good idea to eat chicken soup when you have a cold. , scientists agree with her.A. Sooner or later B. Once in a while C. To be exact D. Believe it or not.第三节 完形填空(共20小题：每小题l分，满分20分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

20、The story is told about what happened on a flight between a passenger and an air hostess. The passenger rang and told the air hostess (乘务员) that he needed a cup of _21_to take his medicine when the plane just took off. She told him that she would_22_him the water in ten minutes.Thirty minutes later,

21、 when the passengers ring for_23_sounded, the air hostess was in a hurry. She was kept so_24_that she forgot to deliver (送) him the water. As a result, the passenger was_25_to take his medicine.She_26_over to him with a cup of water, but he_27_it.In the following hours on the_28_, each time the air

22、hostess passed by the _29_ she would ask him with a smile_30_he needed help or not. But the passenger_31_paid attention to her.When the passenger was going to get_32_the plane, he asked the air hostess to_33_him the passengers booklet (意见薄). She was very_34_. She knew he would write down_35_words, w

23、hich might result in the loss of her job. _36_with a smile she handed it to him.Off the plane, she_37_the booklet, and cracked a smile, _38_the passenger put it, “On the flight, you asked me whether I need help or not for twelve times_39_. How can I refuse your twelve sincere（真诚的） smiles?”Thats_40_!

24、 Who can refuse twelve sincere smiles from a person?21. A. coffee B. tea C. water D. cola22. A. take B. bring C. carry D. hold23. A. food B. drink C. service D. medicine24. A. tired B. silent C. calm D. busy25. A. delaying B. delayed C. delays D. delay26. A. hurried B. went C. came D. got27. A. refu

25、sed B. accepted C. liked D. hated28. A. seat B. air C. floor D. flight29. A. customer B. passenger C. guest D. visitor30. A. whether B.when C. what D. that31. A. never B. often C. always D. seldom32. A. on B. to C. off D. from33. A. hand B. take C. throw D. lend34. A. glad B. angry C. curious D. sad

26、35. A. good B. sharp C. polite D. nice36. A. So B. Because C. And D. But37. A. hid B. tore C. opened D. closed38. A. if B. for C. after D. when39. A. in all B. above all C. or else D. or so40. A. wrong B. wonderful C. impossible D. right第二部分 阅读理解（共25小题,每小题1分,共25分）第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中，选出最佳答案

27、，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。（共20题：每小题2分）AWhen he was a boy, Tim was much influenced（影响） by the books about the sea, but in fact by the age of fifteen he had decided to bee a doctor rather than a sailor. His father was a dentist and as a result, Tim had the opportunity of meeting many doctors either at home or else

28、where. When he was fourteen he was already hanging around the clinic (诊所) of a local doctor where he was supposed to help to wrap up medicine bottles, but was actually trying to listen to the conversations taking place between the doctor and his patients in the next room.During the war Tim served in

29、 the Navy (海军) as a surgeon (外科医生). “That was the happiest time of my life. I was dealing with very real suffering and on the whole making a success of it.” In California he taught the country people simple facts about medicine. He saw himself as a life-saver. He had proved his skills to himself and

30、 his ability to take decisions. Thus, while he was able to tell them what to do, he could feel he was saving them. After the war, he got married and chose to be a doctor in the countryside, working under an old doctor who was popular in the area, but who hated the sight of blood and believed that the secret of medicine was faith. This gave the young man many opportu