高考英语一轮总复习 第一部分 教材知识梳理 Unit 3 A healthy life练习 新人教版选修6doc.docx

1、高考英语一轮总复习 第一部分 教材知识梳理 Unit 3 A healthy life练习 新人教版选修6doc2019高考英语一轮总复习 第一部分 教材知识梳理 Unit 3 A healthy life练习 新人教版选修6一、阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2分,满分16分)AThere are an extremely large number of ants worldwide.Each individual(个体的)ant hardly weighs anything,but put together they weigh roughly the same as all of mankin

2、d.They also live nearly everywhere,except on frozen mountain tops and around the poles.For animals their size,ants have been astonishingly successful,largely due to their wonderful social behavior.In colonies(群体)that range in size from a few hundred to tens of millions,they organize their lives with

3、 a clear division of labor.Even more amazing is how they achieve this level of organization.Where we use sound and sight to communicate,ants depend primarily on pheromones(外激素),chemicals sent out by individuals and smelled or tasted by fellow members of their colony.When an ant finds food,it produce

4、s a pheromone that will lead others straight to where the food is.When an individual ant comes under attack or is dying,it sends out an alarm pheromone to warn the colony to prepare for a conflict as a defense unit.In fact,when it comes to the art of war,ants have no equal.They are completely fearle

5、ss and will readily take on a creature much larger than themselves,attacking in large groups and overcoming their target.Such is their devotion to the common good of the colony that not only soldier ants but also worker ants will sacrifice their lives to help defeat an enemy.Behaving in this selfles

6、s and devoted manner,these little creatures have survived on Earth for more than 140 million years,far longer than dinosaurs.Because they think as one,they have a collective(集体的)intelligence greater than you would expect from its individual parts.(2015安徽高考)1.We can learn from the passage that ants a

7、re.A.not willing to share foodB.not found around the polesC.more successful than all other animalsD.too many to achieve any level of organization2.Ants can use pheromones for.A.escape B.communicationC.warning enemies D.arranging labor3.What does the underlined expression “take on” in Paragraph 3 mea

8、n? A.Accept. B.Employ.C.Play with. D.Fight against.4.Which of the following contributes most to the survival of ants?A.Their behavior. B.Their size.C.Their number. D.Their weight.【文章大意】本文是说明文。世界上,蚂蚁的数量繁多。它们群体而居,分工明确,团结一致,共同御敌。1.B细节理解题。根据第一段中“They also live nearly everywhere,except on frozen mountain

9、 tops and around the poles.”可知,在冰封的山顶和地球的两极,人们没有发现蚂蚁。2.B细节理解题。根据第二段中“Where we use sound and sight to communicate,ants depend primarily on pheromones”可知,蚂蚁可以利用外激素来交流。3.D词义推测题。根据第三段中“They are completely fearless”以及“attacking in large groups and overcoming their target”可知,它们会攻击敌人。4.A细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Behav

10、ing in this selfless and devoted manner,these little creatures have survived on Earth”可知,是它们的行为让它们在地球上得以生存。BVienna has beaten Zurich to be crowned the place with the best quality of living in an annual survey in which European cities were among the top 10.Management consultancy Mercer said Vienna sc

11、ored the highest for overall quality of living in the 215-city survey after improvements in Austrias political and social environment,knocking the Swiss city of Zurich into second position.Third in the list came another Swiss city,Geneva,followed by Vancouver,Canada,and Auckland,New Zealand,in share

12、d fourth place.Baghdad,Iraq,came last despite slight improvements in its infrastructure(基础设施)and moves to encourage investment.Three German cities made the top 10Dusseldorf,Munich and Frankfurtwith the list rounded out by Bern in Switzerland and Sydney,Australia.The highest US ranking in the Worldwi

13、de Quality of Living Survey was Horiolulu which came 29th while Washington and New York remained in positions 44 and 49 respectively.London came 38th in the list which is designed to help governments and companies plan international packages(酬薪)for their employees.“As a result of the current financi

14、al crisis multinationals are looking to review their international assignment policies with a view to cutting costs,” said Slagin Parakatil,senior researcher at Mercer,in a statement.“Many companies plan to reduce the number of their international employees and localize their packages where possible

15、.”Singapore was the top-scoring Asian city,coming in 26th which was up six places from a year ago due to its growing importance as a financial center and its wide range of international and private schools.Beijing moved up three places to 113,boosted by improvements in public transport facilities fr

16、om the Olympics.1.The passage is aimed at telling us.A.global rankings of cities with the best quality of livingB.Vienna named the place with the best quality of livingC.the packages of international employeesD.the quality of living of the world2.Which city moved up the world rankings faster?A.Washington. B.Baghdad.C.Singapore. D.Beijing.3.The underlined phrase “rounded out” in Paragraph 2