届高考英语译林版一轮复习练习选修7 4 Unit 4知能演练轻松闯关.docx

1、届高考英语译林版一轮复习练习选修7 4 Unit 4知能演练轻松闯关课时练1阅读理解提速练 阅读理解ASeven years ago，back in 2010，some reports covered a story that the worlds longest railway tunnel was under construction in Switzerland.At that point it had already been under construction for over a decade.It had been voted to be built nearly a quar

2、ter of a century ago！The idea to build it could date back to nearly 70 years agoabout as old as some of your grandparents!Yesterday，it was finally ready!Its about 35 miles long and runs 7，500 feet beneath the Swiss Alps，a famous mountain range in Switzerland.It even runs under an old tunnel that was

3、 there before.It took a total of 17 years to build at a cost of$12 billion！28 million tons of rock were dug.Two million truckloads of earth were removed!The tunnel connects northern and southern Europe.The opening of this tunnel was such a big deal that the Germanys leader，Chancellor Angela Merkel，F

4、rances president，Francois Hollande，and Italys prime minister，Matteo Renzi，were all there to celebrate，as was Austrias chancellor Christian Kern.Its called the Gotthard Base Tunnel.Eventually，325 freight and passenger trains will go through the tunnel，relieving a lot of traffic on the roadways there

5、and making it a more environmentally friendly option.The Gotthard Base Tunnel is a wonder of engineering and makes us want to visit it!【解题导语】本文介绍了戈特哈德隧道的建成及其相关情况和由此带来的意义。1When did people first have the idea of building the tunnel?AAbout 70 years ago.BHalf a century ago.CTwentyfive years ago.DSeven y

6、ears ago.A解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的最后一句可知，大约70年前人们第一次有建造该隧道的想法。故选A项。2What can we learn about the tunnel?AIt used to be an old tunnel.BIt has just been completed.CIt connects all European countries.DIt runs over a range of mountains.B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Yesterday，it was finally ready！”可知，该隧道刚刚竣工。故选B项。3What may be

7、the purpose of building the tunnel?ATo improve traffic.BTo increase employment.CTo attract donation.DTo stop pollution.A解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“relieving a lot of traffic on the roadways there and making it a more environmentally friendly option”可知，该铁路隧道修建的目的是缓解交通压力。故选A项。4What can be inferred about the tun

8、nel?AIt will cause conflicts among countries.BIt will be of little benefit to the locals.CIt may do damage to the environment.DIt may become a tourist attraction.D解析：推理判断题。根据最后一句中的“makes us want to visit it”可推知，该铁路隧道可能会成为一个旅游胜地。故选D项。B(2018吉林长春普通高中高三质量监测)One of the biggest social issues in Japan is t

9、he increasingly low marriage rates among young people and the low birth rates, which lead to an aging and eventually shrinking(萎缩) population.Most young Japanese women simply dont seem interested in having many children. Now what began in Japan is happening globally.As David Brooks wrote, birth rate

10、s are becoming lower in much of the world, from Iran1.7 births per womanto Russian, where low birth rates connected with high death rates mean the population is already shrinking. And this includes the US, which has long had higher birth rates than most developed nations. Aging countries will face t

11、he burden of caring for large elderly populations without a larger resource of young workers.Its true that global aging is going to present some major challenges.Who will take care of the elderly? Will an older world be less active and slower to change and adapt? Its all true.Sometimes I worry about

12、 a coming generational war over resources, just as I worry about how I will take care of my own parents in their old age, just as I worry about who might take care of me.But heres the thing: an older world may have less pressure on the environment. As we all know, the environment is the real victim

13、of overpopulation.So maybe a world that grows slower and grows older will put less pressure on the environment, and buy us a few more years to ensure our energy use, along with our birth rates, reaches a sustainable(可持续的) level. After all, were supposed to get smarter as we get older. Hopefully that

14、 holds true for the planet as well.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了全球老龄化带来的挑战，也指出了老龄化社会有利的方面。5The population issue in Japan is mentioned to _Ashow young peoples preference for marriageBintroduce the topic of global birth rates becoming lowerCindicate the deeper cause of Japans depressionDemphasize the revolutio

15、n of Japanese womenB解析：细节理解题。文章开头提及日本人口出生率低是为了引出全球人口出生率低、老龄化问题。第二段的第一句“Now what began in Japan is happening globally.”也是提示。故选B。6Which will be caused by low birth rates according to the passage?AAging society.BEnvironmental problems.CHigh death rates.DLow employment rates.A解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“One of the

16、 biggest social issues in Japan is.and the low birth rates, which lead to an aging and eventually shrinking(萎缩) population.”可知，人口出生率低会导致老龄化社会。故选A。7Whats the authors attitude to the worldwide birth rates becoming lower?AAnxious. BDisappointed.CHopeful. DDoubtful.C解析：观点态度题。根据文章的最后两段可知，老龄化社会也有有利的方面，如减少

17、环境压力、保障能源供应等。故选C。8Which of the following statements is TRUE according to David Brooks?AThe birth rates all over the world are becoming lower.BThe most developed countries have higher death rates.CAmerica is the only developed country with higher birth rates.DBirth rates becoming lower means a great

18、risk to aging countries.D解析：细节理解题。根据前三段可知，低出生率会导致社会老龄化，而老龄化国家会面临许多老人需要被照顾、年轻劳动力缺乏的巨大挑战。故选D。C(2018福建泉州检测)We know a lot about the advantages and disadvantages of reading a hardcopy book vs. reading electronically. The problem is, many of us refuse to listen.Dont get me wrong: Digital reading has some

19、real advantages. Ask people what they like most about reading on digital screens, and you hear over and over again about convenience. More points for digital reading：ebooks tend to be cheaper. Theres also the environmental argument. Think of the trees!Yet the soundness of this case is arguable. The

20、earth metals to build ereaders are not just rare but highly poisonous. And think about all that energy needed to run servers and cooling fans. And remember, trees are a renewable resource.Then, theres the appeal of a hard copy. Many people prefer print when reading both for pleasure and for school o

21、r work. Drawing examples from my own research, some of the reasons are aesthetic(美学的). Others involve a sense of accomplishment, ease of annotation(“I can write on the pages”), and navigation(“easy to locate where I was”). Meanwhile, I hear abundant complaints about eye strain(眼疲劳) and headaches whe

22、n using screens.Much of what students liked about reading print involved their minds. They say “its easier to focus”. Some also acknowledged they took more time with printed text and read more carefully.But what makes the failure of electronic reading is concentration. More than 92% of those I surve

23、yed said they concentrated best when reading a hard copy. When a digital device has an Internet connection, its hard to resist the temptation(诱惑)So if digital interruptions dont threaten your enjoyment or understanding of a text, then medium may not matter. Casual reading like David Baldacci? If you

24、 break to check sports scores, there will be little harm done. But just dont expect to understand Joyces novels this way.【解题导语】文章主要介绍了在网络高度发达的社会中，电子书愈来愈有替代纸质书的趋势，然而作者通过对比两者的优缺点表达了对纸质书的青睐。9What is an advantage of reading a hardcopy book?AIt is cheaper.BIt is easier to carry around.CIt helps people th

25、ink deeper.DIt provides instant information.C解析：细节理解题。根据文章第五段可知，读纸质书能让人更专注、更认真，因此思考更深入。故选C项。10Whats the biggest problem of reading digitally?AEnvironmental concern.BPhysical discomfort.CLack of concentration.DInternet connection.C解析：细节理解题。根据文章第六段中的第一句“But what makes the failure of electronic reading

26、 is concentration.”可知，电子书阅读的最大问题是缺乏专注。故选C项。11Whats the authors attitude toward ereading?ASupportive. BDisapproving.COptimistic. DUnconcerned.B解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三至六段尤其是最后一段可知，作者认为，如果电子阅读不会影响你阅读的愉悦感和对文本的理解，那么无可厚非。但是读类似乔伊斯的作品时就不是合适的选择了。由此可推测，作者对电子阅读持不赞成的态度。故选B项。12How is the passage mainly developed?ABy ana

27、lyzing possible reasons.BBy providing typical examples.CBy listing practical suggestions.DBy presenting direct comparisons.D解析：推理判断题。文章的第二段主要讲了电子书的好处，第三段讲了电子书的缺点，第四、五段主要讲了纸质书的益处，第六段讲了电子书的缺点。因此整个文章是通过比较来写作的。故选D项。DKung Hei Fat Choy means Happy New Year! Welcome to our Chinese New Year/Lunar New Year p

28、ages! Weve got a huge collection of fun activities for you to explore and enjoy with your kids, both at home or in the classroom.You can learn about the current yearYear of the Roosteror just enjoy our general Chinese New Year content (including original colouring pages, crafts, puzzles, worksheets,

29、 printables of all sorts).but be warned, theres probably enough here to last you until next Chinese New Year!Nine Asian countries celebrate the Lunar New Year with public holidays and variations on the activities you will find described below.About 1/5 of the worlds population will be enjoying the f

30、estival, and New Years Eve is the worlds biggest annual migration, with over 200 million people making every effort to get home for a big celebratory dinner with their extended families.On 16th February 2018 we welcome in a new Chinese New Year, the Year of the Dog！For lots of new colouring pages, p

31、uzzles, worksheets and other printables, click here: Year of the Dog.Lots NEW!【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一个网页上关于中国新年的内容。13Where will this writing be found?AOn TV. BIn a newspaper. CIn a booklet. DOn the Internet.D解析：文章出处题。根据文章第一段第二句和文章最后一句可推知，文章应该是出自网站上的一个网页。故选D。14Who is the writing intended for?AWeb page

32、designers. BSchool teachers.CFolkcustom researchers. DStudents in the first grade.B解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第三句可推知，这篇文章应是写给学校老师或学生父母的。故选B。15Which of the following causes the worlds biggest annual migration?ANine Asian countries celebrate the Lunar New Year.BPeople celebrate Chinese Lunar New Year with public holidays.COver