EN713 元素的迁移.docx

1、EN713 元素的迁移EN71-3 2013 Safety of toys - Part 3: Migration of certain elements玩具安全-第3部分：元素的迁移1 Scope（范围）This European Standard specifies requirements and test methods for the migration of aluminium, antimony, arsenic, barium, boron, cadmium, chromium (III), chromium (VI), cobalt, copper, lead, mangan

2、ese, mercury, nickel, selenium, strontium, tin, organic tin compounds and zinc from toy materials and from parts of toys. 本欧洲标准规定了下列从玩具材料和玩具部件中转移的元素的详细要求和测试方法：铝、锑、砷、钡、硼、镉、铬（3+）、铬（6+）、钴、铜、铅、锰、汞、镍、硒、锶、锡、有机锡和锌。Packaging materials are not considered to be part of the toy unless they have intended play v

3、alue.包装材料不包括在本标准范围之类，除非它们属于玩具部分或者有娱乐价值。The standard contains requirements for the migration of certain elements from the following categories of toy materials: Category I : Dry, brittle, powder like or pliable materials; Category II : Liquid or sticky materials; Category III : Scraped-off materials.

4、下列玩具种类的元素转移包括在本标准的要求之内：第一类：干燥，易碎，粉末状或柔软的玩具材料；第二类：液体状/粘稠性玩具材料；第三类：玩具表面刮出物。The requirements of this standard do not apply to toys or parts of toys which, due to their accessibility,function, volume or mass, clearly exclude any hazard due to sucking, licking or swallowing or prolonged skin contact. Bot

5、h the intended and foreseeable use has to be considered, bearing in mind the behaviour of children,某些玩具和玩具零件，在考虑儿童正常的和可预见性的行为时，这些部分由于它们的可接触性、功能、质量、大小或其它的特性，可明显排除因吮吸、舔食和吞咽造成的危害，这部分玩具不包括在EN 71标准的这一部分之内。NOTE 2 For the purposes of this standard, for the following toys and parts of toys the likelihood of

6、 sucking, licking or swallowing toys is considered significant:All toys intended to be put in the mouth or to the mouth, cosmetics toys and writing instruments categorised as toys may be sucked, licked or swallowed; All the accessible parts and components of toys intended for children up to 6 years

7、of age may come into contact with the mouth. The likelihood of mouth contact with parts of toys intended for older children is not considered significant in most cases; 备注2：为了执行本标准，下列标准适用于判断吮吸、舔食、吞咽的产品范围：所有供给食物或与嘴唇接触的玩具、化妆玩具和属玩具类的书写工具；供6 岁及以上儿童使用的玩具，即所有可能与嘴接触到的部分或零件，对于大孩子来说，嘴与玩具部件的接触在大部分情况下被认为是不重要的。

8、2 Normative references（参考标准）EN 71-1:2011, Safety of toys Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties EN ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methods (ISO 3696)EN 71-1:2011, 玩具的安全 第1部分: 物理机械性能 EN ISO 3696, 分析实验室用水 规格和测试方法(ISO 3696)3. Terms and definitions（术语和定义）（略）4. Re

9、quirements（要求）4.1 Toy categories（玩具的分类）Table 1 Cross-reference table for determining category（表1 玩具材料分类的参照表）Toy Material 玩具材料Category I种类Category II种类Category III种类Coatings of paints, varnishes, lacquers, printing inks, polymers, foams and similar coatings涂层：油漆、清漆、生漆、印刷油墨、聚合物、海绵和类似的涂层XPolymeric and

10、similar materials, including laminates, whether textile reinforced or not, but excluding other textiles高分子材料和类似的材料，包括不论是否有纺织物增强的层压材料，但不包括其它的纺织物XPaper and paper board纸张和纸板XTextiles, whether natural or synthetic天然或合成纺织物XGlass, ceramic, metallic materials玻璃，陶瓷，金属材料XOther materials whether mass coloured

11、 or not (e.g. wood, fibre board, hard board, bone and leather)其它材料，不管是否被染色（例如：木材、纤维板、硬质板、骨头和皮革）XCompressed paint tablets, materials intended to leave a trace or similar materials in solid form appearing as such in the toy (e.g. the cores of colouring pencils, chalk, crayons)压缩漆，会留下痕迹的或类似的以固体形式出现在玩具上

12、的材料（例如：彩色铅笔芯，粉笔、蜡笔）XPliable modelling materials, including modelling clays and plaster软性造型材料，包括造型粘土和石膏XLiquid paints, including finger paints, varnishes, lacquers, liquid ink in pens and similar materials in liquid form appearing as such in the toy (e.g. slimes, bubble solution)液体油漆，包括指画颜料、清漆、生漆、笔里面

13、的液体油墨和在玩具上呈液态的类似材料（例如煤泥、泡泡水）XGlue sticks 固体胶X4.2 Specific requirements（特殊要求）The migration of elements from toy materials categorised in accordance with 4.1 shall not exceed the migration limits given in Table 2 when tested in accordance with Clauses 7 and 8. 根据4.1对玩具材料做出分类，根据条款7和8检测出来的元素的迁移值不得超过表2给出

14、的限值。Table 2 Migration limits from toy materials 表2玩具材料的迁移限量Element 元素Category I种类(mg/kg)Category 种类(mg/kg)Category 种类(mg/kg)Aluminium铝5625140670000Antimony锑4511.3560Arsenic砷3.80.947Barium钡150037518750Boron硼120030015000Cadmium镉1.30.317Chromium (III)铬（3+）37.59.4460Chromium (VI)铬（6+）0.020.0050.2Cobalt钴

15、10.52.6130Copper铜622.51567700Lead铅13.53.4160Manganese锰120030015000Mercury汞7.51.994Nickel镍7518.8930Selenium硒37.59.4460Strontium锶4500112556000Tin锡150003750180000Organic tin有机锡0.90.212Zinc锌3750938460005 Principle（原理）Soluble elements are extracted from toy materials under the conditions which simulate t

16、he material remaining in contact with gastric simulant for a period of time after swallowing. The concentrations of the soluble elements are determined quantitatively by three different methods: Method for determining general elements: Aluminium, Antimony, Arsenic, Barium, Boron, Cadmium, Cobalt, Co

17、pper, Lead, Manganese, Mercury, Nickel, Selenium, Strontium, Tin and Zinc; Method for determining Chromium (III) and chromium (VI); Method for determining Organic tin. 模拟材料在吞咽后与胃酸持续接触一段时间，在此条件下，可溶性的元素被从玩具材料中萃取出来。根据三种不同的方法对可溶性元素定量分析。标准元素(铝、锑、砷,钡,硼、镉、钴、铜、铅、锰、汞、镍、硒、锶、锡和锌);铬(III)和铬(VI);有机锡。6 Reagents an

18、d apparatus（试剂和仪器）6.1 Reagents（试剂）All chemicals used for analysis shall be of analytical grade 6.1.1 Hydrochloric acid solution, c(HCl) = (0,07 0,005) mol/L 6.1.2 Hydrochloric acid solution, c(HCl) = (0,14 0,010) mol/L 6.1.3 Hydrochloric acid solution, c(HCl) = approximately 1 mol/L 6.1.4 Hydrochlor

19、ic acid solution, c(HCl) = approximately 2 mol/L 6.1.5 Hydrochloric acid solution, c(HCl) = approximately 6 mol/L 6.1.6 n-Heptane, (C7H16), 99% 6.1.7 Water, of at least grade 3 purity in accordance with EN ISO 3696.6.1 试剂在分析中，只能使用经过认可的分析纯试剂。6.1.1 盐酸溶液，c（HCl）=（0.070.005）mol/l6.1.2 盐酸溶液，c（HCl）=（0.140.

20、010）mol/l。6.1.3 盐酸溶液，c（HCl）=约1mol/l。6.1.4 盐酸溶液，c（HCl）=约2mol/l。6.1.5 盐酸溶液，c（HCl）=约6mol/l。6.1.6 正庚烷（C7H16）：99%。6.1.7 水：纯度至少达到ISO 3696 所规定的三级。6.2 ApparatusStandard laboratory equipment and the following shall be used. 6.2.1 Plain weave wire cloth stainless steel sieve, of nominal aperture size 0,5 mm 6

21、.2.2 A means to measure the pH, with an accuracy of 0,2 pH units. 6.2.3 Centrifuge，capable of centrifuging at high speed to separate the solids. 6.2.4 A means to agitate the mixture, at a temperature of (37 2) C. 6.2.5A selection of containers of gross volume, between 1,6 times and 5,0 times that of

22、 the volume of hydrochloric acid extract.6.2.6 High retention filter-paper, ashless filter paper, particle retention in liquids 2.5m.6.2.7 Membrane filter, with a pore size of 0,45,0.22 and 0.02m6.2仪器常规的实验仪器有：6.2.1 平纹金属丝网不锈钢金属筛，筛网孔径大小为0.5mm6.2.2 测量pH 值的设备，准确到0.2 个pH 单位。6.2.3 离心机，能高速分离固体。6.2.4 搅拌混合物的

23、装置，搅拌时温度为（372）。6.2.5 一套容器，总体积为盐酸萃取剂体积的1.6-5.0 倍的容器。6.2.6高效滤纸，无尘滤纸，在液体的粒子滞留为2.5 m。6.2.7 滤膜过滤器，滤孔为0.45, 0.22和0.02m。7 Sampling and sample preparation（样品和样品制备）7.1 Selection of test portionsA laboratory sample for testing shall consist of one toy in the form in which it will be marketed. Test portions sh

24、all be taken from toy materials of the single toy sample. Identical materials in the toy may be combined and treated as a single test portion but additional toy samples shall not be used to prepare larger test portions. Test portions are taken from each colour of each toy material. Test portions may

25、 be composed of more than one toy material or colour only when discrete specimens cannot be separated physically, e.g. dot printing, patterned textiles etc. NOTE This requirement does not preclude the preparation of test portions which represent the material and any base material upon which it is de

26、posited. If the total weight of accessible toy material available is less than 10 mg test portions need not be prepared.The above does not preclude the possibility of testing toy materials before they are used to manufacture a toy in order to prove compliance of the final toy. It must be assessed th

27、at the manufacturing process does not influence the migration of elements from the toy materials.7.1 测试部位的选择 供测试的玩具样品应是销售状态的玩具，试样应从单个玩具样品上取下，即：单个玩具上同种材料可以结合起来作为同一测试试样，但不应采用其它玩具样品。测试试样不应含一种以上材料或一种以上颜色，除非采用物理分离方法不能有效分离的样品，这种样品如点染色、印花纺织物或因重量限制的样品。注：本要求不排除可以从能代表试样的材料及其附着的衬底材料上取下的测试试样。对材料不足10mg的测试部分不进行测试

28、。以上不排除检测玩具材料的可能性，因为这些材料是用于制作玩具以证明符合最终玩具的要求。在这种情况下，它应该被评估在制造过程中不影响玩具材料中元素的迁移。7.2 Standards preparation（标准溶液的制备）Prepare standard solutions in a proper working range according to the required limits for each element for the three categories.在一个合适的工作范围内根据三类物质中每一种元素的限值准备标准溶液。7.3 Sample preparation（样品的制备）

29、7.3.1 General A blank solution shall be determined for any bias. The analytical results shall be corrected for this bias. For example for any contaminants that may be present in the filter paper or the gastric simulant. 测定一个空白溶液，有任何偏差分析结果应该被校正。例如出现在滤纸上或者模拟液的污染物。7.3.2 Category I: Dry, brittle, powder

30、 like or pliable and Category II: Liquid or stickyIf possible obtain a test portion of not less than 100 mg of the material from the laboratory sample. If a test portion of 100 mg or more cannot be obtained, a test portion shall be obtained from each toy material present in the laboratory sample in

31、a mass greater than 10 mg. If the weight of the test portion obtained is between 10 mg and 100 mg, that weight shall be reported (see clause 10 h). In this case the analytical results shall be calculated as though 100 mg of the test portion had been used. If the toy material contains any grease, oil, wax or similar material, material shall be de- waxed. De - waxing shall not be carried out on test portions being anal