11Unit5SilentSpring.docx

1、11Unit5SilentSpring11-Unit-5-Silent-SpringLT八、教学方法和措施本单元将运用黑板、粉笔、多媒体网络辅助教学设备等教学手段，主要采用以学生为主体、教师为主导的任务型、合作型等教学模式，具体运用教师讲授法、师生讨论、生生讨论等方法进行教学。九作业，讨论题，思考题完成课后练习；多看英语报刊杂志及英语经典小说，扩大阅读量；精听与泛听相结合，逐步提高自己的听力水平；积极参加英语角等有助于提高英语口语的活动；坚持用英语写日记；做一些专四相关练习；十参考资料：1)杨立民主编,现代大学英语精读（3）第二版，学生用书。北京：外语教学与研究出版社,2012。2)杨立民主编

2、,现代大学英语精读（3）第二版，教师用书。北京：外语教学与研究出版社,2012。3)李观仪主编，新编英语教程（第三、四册）。上海:上海外语教学研究出版, 1999。4)黄源深，虞苏美等主编，综合英语教程（1-4册）。北京：高等教育出版社，1998。 5)高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲，北京：外语教学研究出版社，2000。6)Judy Pearsall主编，新牛津英语词典。上海：上海外语教育出版社，1998。7)丁往道、吴冰等编著，英语写作手册。北京：外语教学与研究出版社。8)张道真，现代英语用法词典（重排本）。北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1994。9)张道真，温志达, 英语语法大全上、下卷。北京

3、：外语教学与研究出版社，1998。十一、课后小结Unit 5 Silent SpringPart One Warm up1.1 Warm-up Questions1. What is the message given to us in the essay? What are Rachel Carsons main arguments? Have they stood the test of time?2. We are faced with all kinds of environmental problems nowadays. But what is the one that Rache

4、l Carson dealt with in her book Silent Spring? 3. How do chemicals affect the environment and people?4. Does Carson mean that insecticides should never be used in agriculture?1.2 Define the following words and phrases 1. be geared to2.introduceinto3.a great variety of4.hold sth within bounds5.built-

5、in6.check7.a limit on8.set the stage for9.explosive (increases)10.live on (wheat)11.a/another factor inisPart Two Background Information2.1 Rachel Carson (1907-1964) biologist, writer, ecologist1. intense love for nature since her childhood“Humans have now acquired a fateful power to alter and to de

6、stroy nature. But Man is a part of nature, and his war against nature is inevitably a war against himself.” Rachel CarsonShe was once bitterly attacked:“an anti-humanitarian crank, a priestess of nature, and a hysterical woman”But she courageously went on fighting until her idea caught on and more a

7、nd more people joined in.the mother of modern environmental movementAbout the book:1. When was it published?2. Who was the author?3. What is it about? What is its central argument?4. How was it received?5. How significant is it now?6. Does it still make sense now?Part Three Text Appreciation3.1 Text

8、 Analysis1.Questions for thinking: a.What can you infer about Carsons view of the relation between man and nature? b.Was her view common in her time? c.How do you arrive at this inference? 3.1.2 Structure of the textPart I: paras.1-6a town before & after the disasterPart II: paras. 7-9cause of the d

9、isaster: chemicalsPart III: paras. 10-14character & impact of mans tampering with naturePart IV: paras. 15-18reasons why pesticides fail to solve the pest problemPart V: paras. 19-24cause of modern pest problem and possible solutions Part VI: para. 25conclusionLogic & TechniqueWhat: from interest to

10、 concern descriptionHow: from general to specific exposition from nature to manWhy: from effect to cause argumentationHow: from cause to solution exposition & argumentationRelevant questions:1. Why did Carson devote a whole paragraph to describe the spreading of species in nature before she mentione

11、d mans role in the process? 2 Did she always first describe the mechanisms in nature before talking about mans tampering with nature? 3. Why did she present her ideas in this way? Whats her hidden argument?3.1.3 Detailed Analysis of the textPart I: Main Idea Contrast: a town before & after the disas

12、terBefore AfterColor ColorSound SoundMotion MotionOverall impression: Overall impression: vibrant, lifeless, harmonious, deserted, beautiful awfulPart II: Discussion1.Why did the author paint such a beautiful picture of a non-existent town? 2.What was she trying to appeal to? Part III: Discussion 1.

13、 How has man changed the relation between organisms and their surroundings? Human NatureDirection: Direction: life environment environment lifeSpeed: Speed:Character: destructive Character: adaptative irrecoverable2. In what way has mans power changed in character？(para. 11)3. How do chemicals affec

14、t our life? (para. 11) “passing from one to another in a chain of poisoning and death”4. What are the two examples given by the author as mans tampering with nature? (paras. 11-13)5. Why is mans change of the world particularly devastating? (paras. 12-14)Part IV: Discussion 1. Why are pesticides not

15、 a good solution? (3 reasons)They kill indiscriminately, reducing biodiversity. (para. 16)They contaminate the entire environment. (para. 16)residual effectThey couldnt solve the pest problem. (para. 17)resistance to chemicalsresurgence induced by pesticides2. What does the “endless spiral” refer to

16、? (para. 17)3. What does the author mean by saying “all life is caught up in its violent crossfire”? (para. 17)4. What is the authors attitude towards mans use of chemicals? How is it implied? Rhetorical questions: “Can anyone believe it is ?”(para. 16) “How could intelligent beings?” (para. 18)Part

17、 V: Discussion 1. What principles should we follow to solve the pest problem? (para. 19)2. How did the pest problem come into being?intensification of agriculture (para. 20)invasion of imported species (paras. 21-23)3. Does spreading of organisms to new places happen in nature? How does it happen? W

18、hat is the primary factor in this natural process? geological element, i.e. separating and rejoining of lands which took millions of years to complete (para. 21)4. What are the sensible measures to solve the pest problem? (para. 24)to avoid suppressing “pests”to get more knowledge to promote an even

19、 balance5. In what ways have we done wrong in using chemicals? 3.2 Writing Devices1. What is good writing? Her measured, carefully-worded (language) yet passionate prose (passion, love) was all the more damning because she, herself, was a scientist (ideas; information). 2. How can we write with powe

20、r and precision?2.1 EloquenceParallelsuntil they emerge and combine into new forms that kill vegetation, sicken cattle, and work unknown harm on those who drink from once pure wells. (para. 11) to still the song of birds and the leaping of fish, to coat the leaves with a deadly film, and to linger o

21、n in soil (para. 16)Rhetorical questions Can anyone believe? (para. 16) How could intelligent beings ? (para. 18)Antitheses:(juxtaposition of contrasting ideas in one grammatical structure) The rapidity of change follows the impetuous pace of man rather than the deliberate pace of nature. (para. 13)

22、 this imagined tragedy may easily become a harsh reality we all shall know. (para. 8)2.2 Precision Qualifying expressions: To a large extent, the physical form and the habits of the earths vegetation and its animal life have been molded by the environment. (para. 10) This pollution is for the most p

23、art irrecoverable. (para. 11) And even this, were it by some miracle possible, would be futile. (para. 14)Special verbs: n. v.: flame, coat, line adj. v.: still, brown, damp3.3 Sentence Paraphrase1. There was once a town in the heart of America where all life seemed to live in harmony with it surrou

24、ndings. Once upon a time there was a town in the central part of America where all living things seemed to exist peacefully with their environment.2. In autumn, oak and maple and birch set up a blaze of color that flamed and flickered across a background of pines.In autumn, the oak, maple and birch

25、trees turned yellow, red or brown, making a beautiful show of colors against the dark green of pine trees.3. Then some evil spell settled on the community: mysterious diseases swept the flocks of chickens; the cattle and sheep sickened and died.Then, as if by some evil power, disease struck the comm

26、unity: strange diseases quickly struck down large numbers of chicken; the cattle and sheep became ill and died.4. The feeding stations in the backyards were deserted.No birds came to eat or drink what was there at the feeding stations.5. On the mornings that had once throbbed(有规律地颤动) with the dawn c

27、horus of scores of bird voices there was now no sound; The morning air used to vibrate with the singing of birds, but there was now no sound6. a harsh reality we all shall know.some serious consequence that we all have to face7. This book is an attempt to explain:This book, Silent Spring, intends to

28、 explain what has caused the disasters in many towns in America.8. a history of interaction between living things and their surroundingsa history of how living things and their environment affect and relate to each other.9. To a large extent, the physical form and the habits of the earths vegetation

29、 and its animal life have been molded by the environment.The physical features and habits of the living things on earth have been greatly shaped by their surroundings.10. Considering the whole span of earthly time, the opposite effect, in which life actually modifies its surroundings, has been relat

30、ively slight.When we think of the long history of life on earth, the degree living things affect their environment has been insignificant as compared with the effect of the environment on plant and animal life.11. but it has changed in characterbut the nature of this power to alter the environment h

31、as changed.12. This pollution is for the most part irrecoverable. In most cases, the polluted air, soil, rivers and the sea cannot be restored to their original natural state.13. Or they pass mysteriously by underground streams until they emerge and combine into new forms that kill vegetation, sicken cattle, and work unknown harm on those who drink from once pure wells. Or they get deeper into underground streams, undergo some chemical process somewhere, and then become new substances that contaminate wells, kill plants and