高考英语阅读理解10篇专题复习带答案.docx

1、高考英语阅读理解10篇专题复习带答案2019年高考英语阅读理解专题训练10篇 (名师精选真题实战训练+详细解题过程，值得下载练习)一As cultural symbols go, the American car is quite young. The Model T Ford was built at the Piquette Plant in Michigan a century ago, with the first rolling off the assembly line(装配线) on September 27,1908.Only eleven cars were produced

2、 the next month. But eventually Henry Ford would build fifteen million of them. Modern America was born on the road, behind a wheel. The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects of American culture: the roadside diner, the billboard, the motel, even the hamburger. For most of the last century, th

3、e car represented what it meant to be Americangoing forward at high speed to find new worlds. The road novel, the road movie, these are the most typical American ideas, born of abundant petrol, cheap cars and a never-ending interstate highway system, the largest public works project in history. In 1

4、928 Herbert Hoover imagined an America with“ a chicken in every pot and a car in every garage.” Since then, this society has moved onward, never looking back, as the car transformed America from a farm-based society into an industrial power.The cars that drove the American Dream have helped to creat

5、e a global ecological disaster. In America the demand for oil has grown by 22 percent since 1990.The problems of excessive(过度的)energy consumption, climate change and population growth have been described in a book by the American writer Thomas L.Friedman. He fears the worst, but hopes for the best.

6、Friedman points out that the green economy(经济)is a chance to keep American strength.“ The ability to design, build and export green technologies for producing clean water, clean air and healthy and abundant food is going to be the currency of power in the new century.”【文章大意】汽车作为美国的文化符号尚年轻,但给美国带来了方方面

7、面的变化。由于石油的过度消费,也带来了生态灾难。28. Why is hamburger mentioned in paragraph 2?A. To explain Americans love for travelling by car.B. To show the influence of cars on American culture.C. To stress the popularity of fast food with Americans.D. To praise the effectiveness of Americas road system.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据

8、第二段中The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects of American culture: the roadside diner, the billboard, the motel, even the hamburger.可知,汉堡是汽车影响美国文化的产物。故选B。29.What has the use of cars in America led to?A. Decline of economy.B. Environmental problems.C.A shortage of oil supply.D. A farm-based soc

9、iety.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段可知,汽车在推动美国梦的同时,也带来了生态灾难。故选B。30.What is Friedmans attitude towards Americas future?A. Ambiguous. B. Doubtful.C. Hopeful. D.Tolerant.【解析】选C。观点态度题。根据倒数第二段中He fears the worst, but hopes for the best.以及下一段中的具体建议,可知,Thomas L.Friedman对美国的未来是充满希望的。故选C。二In the 1760s, Mathurin Roze open

10、ed a series of shops that boasted(享有)a special meat soup called consomm. Although the main attraction was the soup, Rozes chain shops also set a new standard for dining out, which helped to establish Roze as the inventor of the modern restaurant.Today, scholars have generated large amounts of instru

11、ctive research about restaurants. Take visual hints that influence what we eat: diners served themselves about 20 percent more pasta(意大利面食)when their plates matched their food. When a dark-colored cake was served on a black plate rather than a white one, customers recognized it as sweeter and more t

12、asty.Lighting matters, too. When Berlin restaurant customers ate in darkness, they couldnt tell how much theyd had: those given extra-large shares ate more than everyone else, but were none the wiserthey didnt feel fuller, and they were just as ready for dessert.Time is money, but that principle mea

13、ns different things for different types of restaurants. Unlike fast-food places, fine dining shops prefer customers to stay longer and spend. One way to encourage customers to stay and order that extra round: put on some Mozart(莫扎特).When classical, rather than pop, music was playing, diners spent mo

14、re. Fast music hurried diners out. Particular scents also have an effect: diners who got the scent of lavender(薰衣草)stayed longer and spent more than those who smelled lemon, or no scent.Meanwhile, things that you might expect to discourage spending“bad” tables, crowding, high prices dont necessarily

15、. Diners at bad tables next to the kitchen door, say spent nearly as much as others but soon fled. It can be concluded that restaurant keepers need not “be overly concerned about bad tables,” given that theyre profitable. As for crowds, a Hong Kong study found that they increased a restaurants reput

16、ation, suggesting great food at fair prices. And doubling a buffets price led customers to say that its pizza was 11 percent tastier.【文章大意】现代学者对餐馆进行了大量有意义的研究,发现视觉,照明,就餐时间,餐桌位置,拥挤程度等都可以用来改善餐馆生意。58.The underlined phrase “none the wiser” in Paragraph 3 most probably implies that the customers were .A.

17、not aware of eating more than usual B. not willing to share food with othersC. not conscious of the food quality D. not fond of the food provided【解析】选A。词义猜测题。上文those given extra-large shares ate more than everyone else意为:那些得到更多分量的人比别人吃得多;下文they didnt feel fuller, and they were just as ready for dess

18、ert意为:他们没有感觉到饱,还准备吃甜点呢。再根据but表示转折,可推测出画线部分的意思是:没有意识到比平时吃得多了。59. How could a fine dining shop make more profit?A. Playing classical music.B. Introducing lemon scent.C. Making the light brighter.D. Using plates of larger size.【解析】选A。 细节理解题。根据第四段中fine dining shops prefer customers to stay longer and sp

19、end. One way to encourage customers to stay and order that extra round: put on some Mozart.可知,高级餐馆会播放莫扎特的音乐(即:古典音乐)来让客人多待一会儿。60.What does the last paragraph talk about?A. Tips to attract more customers.B. Problems restaurants are faced with.C. Ways to improve restaurants reputation.D. Common misunde

20、rstandings about restaurants.【解析】选D。段落大意题。最后一段第一句话Meanwhile, things that you might expect to discourage spending“bad” tables, crowding, high prices dont necessarily.意为:你认为有些因素可能影响人们消费,比如:位置不好的餐桌,拥挤,高价格等,但是未必。再根据下文对这些因素的分析可知,本段主要讲述了一些常见的关于餐馆的错误认识。三We may think were a culture that gets rid of our worn

21、 technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices (装置) well after they go out of style. Thats bad news for the environmentand our walletsas these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To

22、 figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its lifefrom when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a rea

23、dout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s.Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992.Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997.And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002,before tablets and e-r

24、eaders showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we didnt throw out our old ones.“ The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house,” said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices

25、 rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007.Were not just keeping these old deviceswe continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitts team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse g

26、as emissions (排放) more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So whats the solution (解决方案)? The teams data only went up to 2007,but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for wo

27、rd processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明性议论文。文章介绍了新旧电子设备的能耗调查,借此论证新电子设备比过时的旧设备更节能、更环保,呼吁人们为了节能环保不要再使用已经过时的旧电子设备,而应该使用集多种功能于一体的新电子设备。32.What does the author thin

28、k of new devices?A. They are environment-friendly.B. They are no better than the old.C. They cost more to use at home.D. They go out of style quickly.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句Thats bad news for the environment.as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same thing

29、s.可知,做同样的事,过时的电子设备比新设备耗能更多。由此可推断,作者认为新设备更节能、更环保。33.Why did Babbitts team conduct the research?A. To reduce the cost of minerals.B. To test the life cycle of a product.C. To update consumers on new technology.D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段第一句 To figure out ho

30、w much power these devices are using,.可知,Babbitt的团队开展研究是为了查明新旧电子设备的耗能量。34.Which of the following uses the least energy?A. The box-set TV. B. The tablet.C. The LCD TV. D. The desktop computer.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop

31、 computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.可知,使用平板电脑观看娱乐节目比用电视或台式电脑能减少44%的能源消耗。由此可推断,四种电子设备中,平板电脑的耗能量是最少的。35. What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A. Stop using them. B. Take them apart.C. Upgrade them. D. Recycle them.【解析】选A。推理判断题。作者开篇提出观点:新电子设备比过时的旧设备更节能、更环保;之后又用Ba

32、bbitt团队的研究证明自己的观点,文章的最后又再次强调具备多种功能的新电子设备的确更节能。由此可推断,作者建议人们不要再用过时的旧电子设备了。四Adults understand what it feels like to be flooded with objects. Why do we often assume that more is more when it comes to kids and their belongings? The good news is that I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less.I found the pre-holidays a good time to encourage young children to donate less-used things, and it worked. Because of our efforts, our daughter Georgia did decide