M5U1柯林斯词典精简.docx

1、M5U1柯林斯词典精简M5 Unit 11. characteristic /krktrstk/ ( characteristics )N-COUNT The characteristics of a person or thing are the qualities or features that belong to them and make them recognizable. 特征例：Genes determine the characteristics of every living thing.基因决定每个生物的特征。2. radium /redim/N-UNCOUNT Radi

2、um is a radioactive element which is used in the treatment of cancer. 镭3. painter /pentr/ ( painters )N-COUNT A painter is an artist who paints pictures. 画家例：.the French painter Claude Monet.法国画家克劳德莫奈。N-COUNT A painter is someone who paints walls, doors, and some other parts of buildings as their jo

3、b. 油漆工例：.the son of a painter and decorator.一个油漆工兼装修工的儿子。4. put forwardPHRASAL VERB If you put forward a plan, proposal, or name, you suggest that it should be considered for a particular purpose or job. 提出 (计划、建议、名称)例：He has put forward new peace proposals.他已提出了新的和平建议。5. scientific /santfk/Scientif

4、ic is used to describe things that relate to science or to a particular science. 科学的例：Scientific research is widely claimed to be the source of the high standard of living in the U.S.在美国，科学研究被广泛宣称为高生活水平的来源。例：.the use of animals in scientific experiments.科学实验中对动物的使用。scientifically ADV 科学地例：.scientifi

5、cally advanced countries.科学发达的国家。science /sans/ ( sciences )1. N-UNCOUNT Science is the study of the nature and behavior of natural things and the knowledge that we obtain about them. 科学例：The best discoveries in science are very simple.科学上最好的发现都是非常简单的。2. N-COUNTA science is a particular branch of sc

6、ience such as physics, chemistry, or biology. (科学的) 学科例：Physics is the best example of a science which has developed strong, abstract theories.物理学是一个发展出了强有力的抽象理论的学科的最好例证。6. conclude /knklud/ ( concludes, concluding, concluded, to conclude )V-T If you conclude that something is true, you decide that

7、it is true using the facts you know as a basis. 断定例：Larry had concluded that he had no choice but to accept Pauls words as the truth.拉里断定他别无选择，只能相信保罗所说为实。例：So what can we conclude from this debate?那么从这场辩论中我们能推断出什么呢？2. V-T/V-I When you conclude, you say the last thing that you are going to say. 结束 (说

8、话)FORMAL例：Its a waste of time, he concluded.“这是浪费时间，”他最后说道。3. V-T/V-I When something concludes, or when you conclude it, you end it. 使结束 结束;FORMAL例：The evening concluded with dinner and speeches.这个夜晚以晚宴和演讲告一段落。7. conclusion /knklun/ ( conclusions )N-COUNT When you come to a conclusion, you decide th

9、at something is true after you have thought about it carefully and have considered all the relevant facts. 结论例：Over the years Ive come to the conclusion that shes a very great musician.这些年我得出的结论是，她是位非常伟大的音乐家。2. N-SING The conclusion of something is its ending. 结束; 结局例：At the conclusion of the progra

10、m, I asked the children if they had any questions they wanted to ask me.节目结束时我问孩子们是否有要问我的问题。3. PHRASE You say in conclusion to indicate that what you are about to say is the last thing that you want to say. 最后 (用以表明讲话即将结束)例：In conclusion, walking is a cheap, safe, enjoyable, and readily available fo

11、rm of exercise.综上所述，散步是一种廉价、安全、有趣而又随时可以开展的运动形式。8. draw a conclusion得出结论；作结论例：On the basis of the analysis above, we may draw a conclusion that cooperation and team work really count in this competitive society.在以上分析的基础上，我们可以得出结论：在竞争社会中，合作和团队极为重要。9. analyse /nlaz/ ( analyzes, analyzing, analyzed, to

12、analyze )V-T If you analyze something, you consider it carefully or use statistical methods in order to fully understand it. 分析例：McCarthy was asked to analyze the data from the first phase of trials of the vaccine.麦卡西被要求分析从这种疫苗试验的第一阶段取得的数据。analysis /nlss/( analyses )N-VAR Analysis is the process of

13、considering something carefully or using statistical methods in order to understand it or explain it. 分析例：Sporting greatness defies analysis - but we know it when we see it.运动的伟大无法进行分析-但是我们一看就知道。10. infect /nfkt/ ( infects, infecting, infected, to infect )1. V-T To infect people, animals, or plants

14、means to cause them to have a disease or illness. 传染例：A single mosquito can infect a large number of people.一只蚊子就能传染很多人。例：.objects used by an infected person.一名感染者使用过的物品。infection N-UNCOUNT传染例：.plants that are resistant to infection.抗感染的植物。2. V-T To infect a substance or area means to cause it to co

15、ntain harmful germs or bacteria. 使感染有害菌例：The birds infect the milk.鸟使牛奶受污染。3. V-T When people, places, or things are infected by a feeling or influence, it spreads to them. 使受影响例：For an instant I was infected by her fear.一瞬间，我被她的恐惧所感染。例：He thought they might infect others with their bourgeois ideas.

16、他认为他们可能用中产阶级思想去影响别人。11. infectious /nfks/1. ADJ A disease that is infectious can be caught by being near a person who has it. Compare contagious. 传染的例：.infectious diseases such as measles.像麻疹这样的传染病。2. ADJ If a feeling is infectious, it spreads to other people. 有感染力的例：She radiates an infectious enthu

17、siasm for everything she does.她做的每件事都散发出一种有感染力的热情。12. cholera /klr/N-UNCOUNT Cholera is a serious disease that often kills people. It is caused by drinking infected water or by eating infected food. 霍乱例：.a cholera epidemic.一场霍乱疫情。13. defeat /dfit/ ( defeats, defeating, defeated, to defeat )1. V-T If

18、 you defeat someone, you win a victory over them in a battle, game, or contest. 击败例：His guerrillas defeated the colonial army in 1954.他的游击队在1954年打败了殖民军。2. V-T If a proposal or motion in a debate is defeated, more people vote against it than for it. (以多数票) 挫败 usu passive例：The bill was defeated with s

19、upport from only two congressmen.由于只得到两位议员的支持，那个议案被否决了。3. V-T If a task or a problem defeats you, it is so difficult that you cannot do it or solve it. 难倒例：The book he most wanted to write was the one which nearly defeated him.他最想写的书恰恰是几乎难倒他的那一本。4. V-T To defeat an action or plan means to cause it t

20、o fail. 使受挫例：The navy played a limited but significant role in defeating the rebellion.在平息叛乱中海军起了有限但却重要的作用。defeat /dfit/ ( defeats)N-VAR Defeat is the experience of being beaten in a battle, game, or contest, or of failing to achieve what you wanted to. 失败例：The most important thing is not to admit d

21、efeat until you really have to.最重要的事就是非到不得已不要认输。例：.the Sonics 31-point defeat at Sacramento on Sunday.超音速队周日在萨克拉门托31分的挫败。14. expert /ksprt/ ( experts )1. N-COUNT An expert is a person who is very skilled at doing something or who knows a lot about a particular subject. 专家; 行家例：.a yoga expert.一位瑜伽专家。

22、2. ADJ Someone who is expert at doing something is very skilled at it. 在行的例：The Japanese are expert at lowering manufacturing costs.日本人在降低生产成本方面很在行。expertly ADV在行地 ADV with v例：Shopkeepers expertly rolled spices up in bay leaves.店主在行地把各种香料卷进了月桂叶中。3. ADJ If you say that someone has expert hands or an

23、expert eye, you mean that they are very skillful or experienced in using their hands or eyes for a particular purpose. 行家的 ADJ n例：Harvey cured the pain with his own expert hands.哈维用他那行家之手治愈了那病痛。4. ADJ Expert advice or help is given by someone who has studied a subject thoroughly or who is very skill

24、ed at a particular job. 专家的 ADJ n例：Well need an expert opinion.我们将需要专家的意见。15. attend /tnd/ ( attends, attending, attended, to attend )1. V-T/V-I If you attend a meeting or other event, you are present at it. 参加; 出席例：Thousands of people attended the funeral.数千人参加了葬礼。例：The meeting will be attended by

25、finance ministers from many countries.这次会议将有许多国家的财政部长出席。例：The senator was invited but was unable to attend.参议员受到了邀请，但是未能出席。2. V-T If you attend an institution such as a school, college, or church, you go there regularly. 上 (学); 去 (教堂)例：They attended college together at the University of Pennsylvania

26、.他们一起就读于宾夕法尼亚大学。3. V-I If you attend to something, you deal with it. If you attend to someone who is hurt or injured, you care for them. 处理; 照料例：He took a short leave of absence to attend to personal business.他休了一个短假去处理私事。attendance /tndns/ ( attendances )N-UNCOUNT Someones attendance at an event or

27、 an institution is the fact that they are present at the event or go regularly to the institution. 出勤; 出席例：Her attendance in school was sporadic.她在学校的出勤率很低。16. physician /fzn/ ( physicians )N-COUNT A physician is a medical doctor. 内科医生FORMAL例：.your family physician.你的家庭医生。surgeon /srdn/ ( surgeons )

28、N-COUNT A surgeon is a doctor who is specially trained to perform surgery. 外科医生例：.a heart surgeon.一位心脏外科医生。17. expose /kspoz/ ( exposes, exposing, exposed, to expose )1. V-T To expose something that is usually hidden means to uncover it so that it can be seen. 使显露例：Lowered sea levels exposed the sha

29、llow continental shelf beneath the Bering Sea.下降了的海平面使白令海底的浅大陆架露了出来。2. V-T To expose a person or situation means to reveal that they are bad or immoral in some way. 揭露例：.the story of how the press helped expose the truth about the Nixon administration.关于新闻界如何协助揭露尼克松政府真相的报道。3. V-T If someone is expos

30、ed to something dangerous or unpleasant, they are put in a situation in which it might affect them. 使暴露于 (危险或令人不快的境地)例：They had not been exposed to most diseases common to urban populations.他们未曾遭遇城市人口常得的大多数疾病。例：A wise mother never exposes her children to the slightest possibility of danger.一个明智的母亲从不

31、会置其孩子于丝毫可能的危险中。18. exposeto1. 使暴露在(空气、寒冷、风雨、阳光等)中；使无遮蔽，使无保护： 例：Do not expose it to the sun.此物谨防日晒。2. 使暴露，使显露；使遭受(攻击、批评、伤害、嘲讽等)： 例：He is exposed to the ridicule of the public.他受到公众的嘲弄。例：to expose soldiers to gunfire使士兵们遭受炮火攻击3. 使处于的影响(或作用)之下；接接触到；使知悉，使了解： 例：a student who has been exposed to English for some five years接触英语达5年左右的学生4. 使曝光： 例：The film has been exposed to light.这胶卷曝了光。5. 向揭露，揭发，揭穿，披露： 例：to expose the shameful activity to the newspapers向报界揭露这个可耻行径19. deadly /ddli/ ( deadlier, deadliest